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GEORGE EHRET, 

HELL GATE 

L?iGER Seer jRrewery, 




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M^}aL VORK oixv. 



^oUVEiV;^ 



Centennial Celebration 



Washington's Inauguration, 



HELD IN NEW YORK CITY, 



April 29th and 30th, 1889, 




NEW YORK: 

NICOLL 6- ROY, F'lLIBLISHERC 

16 Dey Street. 






^•^^ 



Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1889, by Nicoll & Rov, 
in the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. 



E\)e Ir7au(5uratio9 of (i<?or(^(? U/a5l7i9^t:o9. 



OF THK NEW YORK PRESS CLUB. 



(^^ UT in the granite stone forming the base of the pedestal upon which the 
^~^ statue of Washington rests in front of the United States Sub-Treasury, 
Wall and Nassau streets, New York, is this inscription : 



•^ — 

On this site in Federal Hall 

April 30, 1789, 

GEORGE WASHINGTON 

Took the oath of office as the 

First President 

Of the United States 

Of America. 

■4- • 4- 



Here, then, a century ago, was performed a simple, yet great and impressive, 
grand but unadorned, ceremony that marked the beginning of a memorable 
epoch in American history, for it was the dedication of the young Republic and 
the coronation of its first President. This was the spot where famous actors of 
revolutionary times realized their dreams of independence. Upon this site the 
crowning event of Washington's glorious life and the life of the juvenile Union 
occurred. Among the most imposing events in our national history the drama 



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Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



played here, amid the glow of patriotic enthusiasm, one hundred years ago, must 
be regarded as transcendent. 

From the balcony of the hall that stood where the statue now is, the 
Declaration of Independence was first read to the citizens of New York ; the 
Continental Congress sat here in its closing days, and here the first Federal 
Congress assembled. America offered no place more becoming and more 
honorably identified than this with the history of American liberty. 

The scene around is marvellously changed by the flight of years and modern 
progress, from the colonial, the prov^incial, the revolutionary city. The street 
is transformed from the resort of fashion, the seat of government, the modest 
and quiet residence of merchants, statesmen and diplomatists, which was the 
Wall street in the days of our forefathers. Then it was the social and political 
heart of a small and struggling community; now it is the financial nerve centre 
of America. The bustling, roaring street is but a picture painted over. Under 
the kaleidoscopic characters of the maelstrom of speculative life and of eager 
trade constantly traced upon the pavements of the modern metropolis, lies the 
undimmed and indelible patriotic record of old New York. 

The first inauguration of Washington marked the birth of our national 
Republic. Colonial and provincial America ceased to exist and national 
America began. The hope of success lay apparently in one man, revered and 
beloved as no other man had been, or ever will be, and upon the successful 
issue of the trust to which he was here solemnly devoted. What scene in history 
overtops or even equals the grandeur and significance of that glorious consecra- 
tion? As we look upon this sculptured form of the " F'ather of His Country," 
and remembering that this is the place of the sublime event which may be 
commemorated by unborn generations — that here Washington took the oath of 
his great office — fancy pictures the scenes that occurred here one hundred years 
ago. The streets, the windows, the roofs were thronged with people who 
saluted the hero with mighty and prolonged shouts as the last word of the 
momentous act was spoken. 

The statue of Washington is of colossal proportions, being thirteen feet 
and a half high and weighs sixty-five hundred pounds. The feet rest upon the 
identical stone upon which Washington stood when he took the oath of office. 
The statue was unveiled November 26th, 1883. The 25th — the one hundredth 
anniversary of the evacuation of New York by the British — falling on Sunday, 
the celebration of that event and the dedication of the statue were necessarily 
postponed until one day later. 

As the first inaugural ceremony occurred in New York city, the centennial 
celebration of that event would naturally take place in the Metropolis. The 
sculptured figure of the illustrious hero and statesman will be the central point 
of the commemorative demonstration. And could a more appropriate place be 
found ? The memory of the event arouses patriotic feelings which have resulted 
in material action for its proper observance. It should call out not only the 



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Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



resources of New York city, but of the whole country. The celebration of the 
anniversary occurring on April 30th, will be of a national character — a grand, 
civic, military and naval demonstration, probably eclipsing the commemora- 
tion of Evacuation Day five years ago. 

Outside of the comparatively few students of history little is known about 
the appearance of New York a century ago or of the inauguration of Washington. 
The object of this narrative, therefore, is to describe as faithfully as possible 
the city at that time, how it looked, how its inhabitants dressed and the scenes 
preparatory and incident to the inaugural ceremony. For this purpose let us 
fancy we are in the New York of 1789. The primitive city of revolutionary 
times, or at the period when Washington took the oath of office, was chiefly 
centred below the present City Hall. The population was between twenty and 
thirty thousand. But under the impulse of settled political affairs and the new 
Government, the city began to boom. Every dwelling was occupied, rents went 
up, doubling in some instances, streets were cleaned and laid out, new houses 
and other buildings were erected and commerce revived. And yet New York 
was like a country village compared with the giant Metropolis of to-day. There 
were numerous valuable farms and orchards along Bowery lane, St. George 
road and the other principal highways. As one may see by the topography of 
the Metropolis to-day, the land was undulating and hilly, more so, of course, in 
the primitive condition than now. Picturesque country seats of wealthy citi- 
zens dotted the outlying regions. Above the location of the present City Hall 
Park, Broadway was St. George country road ; and as its name indicates was, 
indeed, a country road. At Canal street there was a stone bridge over a canal, 
from which the street took its name. On each side of the roadway and the 
canal were marshy lands. Down where the cold, forbidding Tombs prison is 
there was quite a large fresh water pond some sixty feet deep. It was known as 
the " Collect." In the winter this was the resort of skaters, whose sport was wit- 
nessed by hundreds of spectators who would gather on the slope, still existing, 
that runs down from Broadway to Elm street. One of the bubbling springs 
that contributed to the fabulous and supposed unfathomable depths of the 
pond was near the junction of Park row (formerly Chatham street) and Roose- 
velt street. Here also was the far-famed " Tea Water Pump " which helped to 
supply the city with wholesome drinking water. There were various wells in the 
lower part of the city, but they afforded brackish water that was unfit for the 
table. The City Hospital was among the most imposing buildings of the city. 
This stood in a five-acre lot on the road near our present Reade street. It was 
made of Holland brick, being a three-story, gable-roofed structure with a tall 
cupola. There was a large yard, surrounded by a fence, in front of it. The 
neighboring marshes bred fever and ague and furnished patients for this institu- 
tion. The city above the limit previously mentioned was sparsely settled. The 
houses were scattered about over the area of our present Metropolis very much as 
you see them to-day in the countr}-. The border of the thickest settlement down- 



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town was at Vesey street. Here, where the Astor House now stands, was a 
double, brick two-story house with a gable roof and dormer windows. St. Paul's 
chapel stood where it is to day, on the southwest corner of Broadway and Vesey 
street. Hanover square was the great mercantile centre of the city. A few 
small private houses were in this square, but the buildings were chiefly occupied 
as stores and other business places. Fraunces' Tavern, or " Black Sam's Tavern," 
as it was generally known, owing to the swarthy complexion of Samuel Fraunces, 
the proprietor, was made famous and immortalized by Washington, who used 
it as his headquarters. This memorable structure is on the northeast corner of 
Pearl (then Queen street) and Broad street. Originally it was a two-story brick 
building with a gable roof and dormer windows. Here, on December 4th, 1783, 
Washington bade farewell to his officers. The first and second stories of the 
tavern are to-day in substantially the same shape as they were one hundred and 
six years ago. But the gable roof was taken off and two or three stories added 
to the building. Over the doorway on the corner the visitor sees a sign read- 
ing " Washington's Headquarters." 

Among the other public houses in New York at the time was one near 
the old ''Ply Market," which, in 1822, gave way to Fulton Market; Smith's 
Tavern, also in the same neighborhood ; the Macomb House, afterward used 
as the Presidential mansion, on Broadway near Wall street, and the Bull's 
Head in the Bowery lane, out of which the only Bowery in the world was 
formed. The Bull's Head was a two-story, gable-roofed country tavern, sur- 
rounded by cattle pens. Coffee and tea houses Avere numerous and popular 
There was one theatre in the city. It was in John street, and was erected 
during the occupation of the city by the British, and used by the army 
officers for amateur theatricals. Washington after his inauguration attended 
this theatre. The Custom-House was in the Government building erected on 
the site of the old fort which was located on Bowling Green. The post-office 
was kept in the postmaster's house in William street. One room, twenty-five 
by thirty-five feet and containing about one hundred boxes, was where the mail 
was distributed. Sebastian Bauman, the first postmaster of the city subsequent 
to the Revolution, was appointed by Washington. This post-office was enlarged 
to accommodate the demands of the increasing population, but it remained in 
the same place until 1827, when it was removed to Wall street. At the foot of 
Park place was the venerable Columbia College. There were several churches 
in the city and the religious sentiment predominated largely in the daily life of 
its inhabitants. The Reformed Dutch Church was the prevailing denomination. 
The Episcopalian, the next oldest denomination, was introduced soon after the 
cession of the city to the English. The ancient Trinity Church belonged to 
this class. It was built in 1696, enlarged in 1737, destroyed by fire in 1776, and 
rebuilt in 1788. 

The manners and customs of the citizens were still primitive. The Dutch 
language prevailed largely and many of the signs seen over business places were 



lO 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



V 



H 



H 



The gaRBER ^spnaLT pavmG (go. 

HAS BEEN ENGAGED DURING THE LAST TWELVE YEARS IN LAYING 

PAVEMENTS OF GENUINE 



•^ 



TRINIDABIASPHALiT, 



V'' 



The extent of ^vhich is no^A^ more than THREE MILLION, TWO HUN- 
DRED THOUSAND SQUARE YARDS, Covering a Length 
of Over TWO HUNDRED MILES. 



OOP OOOOO OO OOP OOP 00 

TTTHEREVER it ha . been intro- 
■*-^ duced it has come to stay, 
and has never been taken up cr 
displaced in favor of any other 
material. 



OOOOOPOOOOOOOOOPPO 




OOOOPPOPOOOOOOOOOO 



T FTER successful use for sev- 
^ ^ eral years in other cities it 
was laid in Kew York in 1886. 



OOOOOOOOOOOPPOPO 



AND THE FOLLOWING STREETS ARE NOW PAVED WITH IT: 

Nassau, Pine, Cedar and Liberty, Surrounding the Buildings of the Mutual 

and Equitable Insurance Companies. Madison Avenue, 

from 23d to 32d Street. West End Avenue, 

from 69th to 7 2d Street. 

These streets comprise heavy traffic, medium traffic and light traffic. On all of them the pavement is Durable, Smooth, 

Clean, Noiseless and Safe. 



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THE BARBER ASPHALT PAVING COMPANY, 

F, V. GREENE, Vicp-President. 
1 BROT^DiAiKY. - .- - NeiAi YORK. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. ii 

in Dutch. Every householder swept the street in front of his home twice a 
week. Oil lamps were used for lighting the streets. Coal was unknown. 
Hickory wood was the chief fuel. Early every morning milkmen walked 
through the streets bearing yokes, similar to those used by farmers in New 
England to-day, on their shoulders, from which dangled tin cans and crying, 
" milk, ho ! " Water from the celebrated " Tea Water Pump " was carried about 
in carts and retailed at a penny a gallon. The chimneys were swept by small 
negro bo}'s, who went their rounds at daybreak shouting, " Sweep, ho ! sweep, 
ho ! from the bottom to the top without a ladder, sweep, ho ! 

The men of this period wore long Continental coats, with brass buttons and 
side pockets, knee breeches, low shoes with big buckles and three-cornered hats. 
Ruffled shirts, lace sleeves, satin vests, white silk stockings, powdered hair, which 
was combed back and tied in a queue, were conspicuous features of the men's 
dress. The correct thing, or full dress of gentlemen, however, was composed 
of cambric ruffled shirts, light-colored velvet knee breeches, silk or satin waist- 
coats, silk stocking and low shoes with brass buckles. Ladies wore low-neck 
dresses, flowing sleeves, hoops and high Dutch hats. The ordinary dress of the 
women was, however, more modest. It consisted of a short gown and petticoat 
of any color and material that suited the taste of the wearer. 

Wall street was the centre of fashion. It presented a brilliant scene every 
afternoon. Ladies in showy costumes and gentlemen in silks, satins, velvets, 
ruffled shirts and powdered periwigs promenaded up and down the street in front 
of the City Hall and on Broadway from St. Paul's Chapel to the Battery. Broad- 
way was also a popular thoroughfare for driving, and many stylish turnouts 
were seen every day rattling up and down the street. A liveried footman 
always rode behind each carriage. Horseback riding was also popular, and gen- 
tlemen of prominence in state affairs often traveled this way, partly because it 
gave them exercise and because it was fashionable. The social world was in 
constant agitation over the arrival of statesmen and distinguished people from 
different parts of the Union and from Europe. 

At the time of the election and inauguration of Washington, the stages, 
about the only means of travel, were few and in out-of-the-way places, and had no 
fixed days for leaving specified points. They were often delayed on the road by 
storms and accidents. Mails were carried from and to New York, Albany, Bos- 
ton and Philadelphia three times a week in summer and semi-weekly in winter. 

After the announceinent of the adoption of the Constitution on September 
13, 1788, it was determined that New York city should be the seat of Congress. 
The change occurred on December 23, 1788. The old City Hall, in Wall street, 
in which the Continental Congress had been accustomed to meet, was placed by 
the corporation of the city at the disposal of Congress, and after reconstruction 
was known as Federal Hall. The City Hall was built about 1700. It was in the 
form of an L and open in the middle. The cellar contained dungeons for 
criminals. The first story had two wide staircases, two large and two small 



12 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



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J. J. ASTOR, Esq. 



H. W. BARNES, Esq. 



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WM. A. FRANCIS, Asst. Manager. 
ROBT. H. WASS, Gen. Agt. WM. R. ECKER, Ass't Gen'l Agt. 
H. M. JACKSON, Secretary. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 13 



rooms. The middle of the second story was occupied by a court room with 
the assembly room on one side and the magistrate's room on the other. The 
debtors' cells were in the attic. At this time the building was falling to decay, 
and the depleted treasury furnished no means with which to erect a new struc- 
ture or even to remodel the old one. Fortunately in this emergency some of 
the prominent and wealthy men subscribed enough money, some $32,000, 
necessary to make the alterations. When completed it was, for that period, an 
imposing structure. The first story was made in Tuscan style with seven open- 
ings. There were four massive pillars in the centre, supporting heavy arches, 
above which rose four Doric columns. Thirteen stars were ingeniously worked 
in the panel of the cornice. The other ornamental work consisted of an eagle 
and the national insignia sculptured in the entablature, while over each window- 
were thirteen arrows surrounded by olive branches. The Hall of Representatives 
was an octangular room fifty-eight by sixty-one feet, with an arched ceiling 
forty-six feet high in the middle. This hall had two galleries, a platform for the 
speaker and a separate chair and desk for each member. The windows, which 
were wide and high, were sixteen feet from the floor with quaint fireplaces 
under them. The Senate Chamber w-as twenty feet high with dimensions on 
the floor of thirty by forty feet. The arch of the ceiling represented a canopy 
containing thirteen stars ; a rich canopy of crimson damask hung over the 
President's chair. The chairs in the hall were arranged in semi-circular form. 
Three spacious windows opened out on Wall street. A balcony twelve feet 
deep, guarded by a massive iron railing, was over the main entrance on Wall 
street, where there was a lofty vestibule paved with marble. 

While the Federal Hall w^as being transformed, building operations were 
active in various parts of the city. Private houses and stores were being con- 
structed along the roads in the sparsely populated regions above Chambers 
street, while warehouses were springing up along the river front in the lower 
part of the city. All the merchants and mechanics were busy. Business of all 
kinds was active and vigorous under the stimulus of the new order of things in 
Federal affairs. 

Having described the city briefly, I will come down towards the event, the 
centennial anniversary of which is now at hand. The assembling of the first 
Federal Congress after the adoption of the Constitution was fixed for March 
4th, 1789. The day was ushered in by the ringing of bells and the boom of 
cannon. Owing to the severity of the weather, the muddy condition of the 
country roads, and the general inconveniences of travel, only eight Senators and 
thirteen Representatives, not enough for a quorum, were present. Rivers and 
brooks that were forded at particular places were overflowing their banks, making 
this kind of passage impossible. The Raritan river at New Brunswick, New 
Jersey, and the Delaware river were crossed in scows, upon which carriages 
were driven. Travel was so impeded that it was not until over a month later, 
April 6th, that a quorum of Congressmen had assembled. On that date they 



14 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 

met and organized. The first business was the opening and counting of the 
votes for President and Vice-President, to which ofifices Washington and John 
Adams were duly declared elected. Washington left Mount Vernon for New 
York on the morning of April i6th. Before his departure he wrote to Henry 
Knox that his " feelings were not unlike those of a culprit going to the place of 
execution." Washington wished to make the trip to New York as quietly and 
with as little show as possible, but he soon found that this was out of the ques- 
tion, owing to the patriotic ardor that was aflame ev^erywhere, and the intense 
admiration for the noble chieftain. So that his journey, instead of being devoid 
of incident and ostentation, was characterized by the wildest enthusiasm of the 
citizens all the way from Mount Vernon to P'ederal Hall. Towns and cities 
along the route were in the highest pitch of patriotic excitement. They vied 
with each other in honoring the hero of the Revolution, and the first President 
of a peaceful republic. Among the displays was a long avenue of laurels through 
which Washington was escorted at Gray's Ferry in Pennsylvania. As the 
President-elect passed under the last arch a boy, concealed in the foliage above, 
dropped upon his head a handsome laurel crown. The act aroused enthusiastic 
demonstrations among the spectators. A triumphal arch was erected by 
ladies at Trenton. Riding upon his white charger, W^ashington passed under 
this, and as he did so thirteen beautiful young ladies, carrying baskets, strewed 
flowers before the hero, at the same time singing an ode especiall}' composed. 
Upon reaching Elizabethtown Point, Washington was received by a committee 
of Congress, composed of Elias Boudinot, Chairman ; Robert R. Livingston, 
Chancellor of the State ; Secretary Jay, Secretary Knox, the Commissioners of 
the Treasury ; Mayor Duane and Recorder Varick, of New^ York, and several 
other officials. A barge, elegantly decorated and manned by thirteen captains 
in white uniform, M'as waiting at this point to convey Washington and his party 
to the city. As it moved away other barges, covered with decorations, fell into 
line. This procession came through the Kill Von Kull (between New Jersey 
and Staten Island) and up the ba}', gathering in its wake craft of every descrip- 
tion. The vessels, moving and at anchor, bore some emblem of rejoicing that 
was apparently infectious. The Spanish man-of-war Galveston displayed a 
variety of national colors from its rigging. A sloop under full sail contained 
twenty-fiv^e gentlemen and ladies, who sang an ode of welcome to the tune of 
" God Save the King," in which everybody within sound eagerly joined. Band 
music from boats on every side, continual cheering and the boom of artillery 
from the war vessels and neighboring forts filled the air, echoing and re-echoing 
over the waters. 

The landing place was Murray's wharf, near the foot of Wall street, where 
there was a ferry. Here the stairs and railings were carpeted and decorated. 
Governor Clinton formally received the President-elect. An enthusiastic crowd, 
that had been waiting expectantly at the ferry, made the air ring with tumultu- 
ous cheering as he appeared in the street. It was difficult to form a procession 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



'5 



&nffiaz^a /ci /ae Massachusetts Magazixe, Ja'^e, /7'(^^. 




FEDERAL HALL, >A^ALL STREET, IN 1789. 



1 6 Washington Inaugurai, Centennial. 



among the excited inhabitants, who were desperately struggHng with each other 
in an effort to see George Washington. After some delay this was finally 
accomplished. The procession was headed by Colonel Morgan Lewis, aided by 
Majors Morton and Van Home, all of whom were mounted. The military com- 
panies were next in line. Among them were Capt. Stokes' horse troop, accoutred 
in the style of Lee's famous " Partisan Legion ; " Capt. Scriba's German Grena- 
diers, wearing blue coats, yellow waitscoats, knee breeches, black gaiters and 
towering cone-shaped hats faced with bearskin ; Capt. Harrison's New York 
Grenadiers, composed, in imitation of the Guard of Frederick the Great, of only 
the tallest and finest-looking young men in the city, dressed in blue coats, with 
red facings and gold lace embroideries, white waistcoats and white knee 
breeches, black leggings, and wearing cocked hats trimmed with white feathers ; 
Scotch Infantry in full Highland costume, playing bagpipes. Following the 
military companies were the sheriff of the county, the committee of Congress, 
the President-elect, Secretaries Jay and Knox, Chancellor Livingston and dis- 
tinguished men in State affairs, clergymen and a large number of citizens. 
Washington was escorted to the Presidential mansion, which stood on the 
corner of Cherry street and Franklin Square. Every house and building 
along the route was decorated with flags, silk banners, floral and evergreen 
garlands. Men, women and children of all degrees flocked through the 
streets, shouting, waving hats and handkerchiefs in their almost delirious 
enthusiasm. The name of Washington was not only upon every lip, but dis- 
played in ornamental arches under which the procession passed. The official 
residence was known as the Walter Franklin House. It had been occupied by 
Samuel Osgood of the Treasury Board, who moved out to give room to Wash- 
ington and family. This house was a large three-story brick structure with a 
flat roof. Shortly after arriving at his new home, Washington was called upon 
and congratulated by Government officials, foreign ministers, public bodies, mili- 
tary celebrities and many private citizens. He dined with Governor Clinton that 
evening at the latter's residence in Pearl street. The city was brilliantly illu- 
minated in the evening, when there was a P'ourth of July display of fireworks. 
The city was overrun with visitors and sightseers from all parts of the 
country between the date of Washington's arrival and his inauguration. All the 
hotels and even private mansions were crowded. Excitement ran high. There 
was an insatiable desire prevalent to get a look at Washington, who had been 
described as the noblest, grandest man human eyes ever saw. Old people 
expressed their readiness to die after having once seen the first President. Im- 
patiently everybody waited for the great day, April 30th, the dawn of a new 
era ; and when it finally came, the citizens and visitors were absolutely frantic 
with patriotic fervor. At daybreak a national salute was fired from the fort at 
the Battery, and within a short time the city was seething with excitement. Of 
course all business was suspended. Thousands of men, women and children, in 
holiday dress, bands and military companies filled the streets. Many people 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 




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1 8 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



from the surrounding country were arriving by stages and packets. About nine 
o'clock bells in every church tower in the city pealed forth a merry welcome. 
Then they paused a moment only to resume, but in more measured tones, that 
summoned the people to the churches " to implore the blessing of heaven on 
the nation and its chosen President," so universal was the religious sense of the 
significance of the event. Meanwhile military companies were forming at their 
respective headquarters. They soon appeared in a procession with bands play- 
ing patriotic music and waving the stars and stripes. Col. Morgan Lewis was 
in command. The procession marched to the Presidential Mansion and halted. 
The committee which had charge of the arrangements consisted of Ralph Izar.', 
Tristam Dalton and Richard Henry Lee from the Senate, and Representatives 
Egbert Benson, Charles Carroll and Fisher Adams. They escorted Washington 
from his house amid vociferous cheering. The President-elect rode in a carriage 
that was called a chariot, drawn by four horses. The route was through Pearl 
to Broad street, thence to Wall street. Arriving in front of Federal Hall the 
troops broke ranks and formed lines on each side of the street. Washington, 
having alighted from his chariot and attended by a body guard, walked through 
the avenue thus made amid intense cheering. He was conducted directly to 
the Senate Chamber, where Congress had just assembled. Vice-President 
Adams, who had taken the oath of office a few days previously, met Washington 
at the entrance and escorted him to the President's chair. Having made a 
formal introduction, the Vice-President turned to Washington and gravely ad- 
dressed him as follows : " Sir, the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States are ready to attend you to take the oath required by the Consti- 
tution, which will be administered by the Chancellor of the State of New 
York." 

" I am ready to proceed," was the grave response. 

Vice-President Adams then escorted Washington to the balcony, accom- 
panied by Congressmen and distinguished officials. \\' all and Broad streets 
and windows and housetops in every direction were crowded. The tumult 
ceased. A profound silence that was awe inspiring and almost appalling 
brooded over the scene immediately preceding the administration of the oath. 
In the centre, between two pillars, stood the commanding figure of W^ashington. 
He wore one of those long Continental coats, dark brown knee breeches, white 
silk stockings and low shoes with silver buckles. He held his three-cornered 
hat in his left hand. His hair was powdered and tied behind. On one side of 
him stood Chancellor Livingston, in a full clerical suit of black ; on the other 
Vice-President Adams, dressed more showily than Washington. Between 
Washington and the Chancellor stood Secretary Otis of the Senate, a small, 
short man, holding a Bible. Conspicuous in the group were Roger Sherman, 
Gen. Knox, Gen. St. Clair and Baron Steuben. The ]iible upon which the oath 
was taken is carefully preserved by St. John's Masonic Lodge, No. i, of this 
State. It bears this inscription : " On this sacred volume, on the thirtieth day 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. tq 



of April, 1789, in the City of New York, was administered to George Washing- 
ton, the first President of the United States of America, the oath to support 
the Constitution of the United States." Chancellor Livingston administered 
the oath in slow, distinct words, when the Bible was raised, and as Washington 
bowed to kiss it, he said gravely, " I swear," adding fervently, with closed eyes, 
" so help me God." 

'' It is done," said the Chancellor, who, turning to the spellbound throng 
below, exclaimed, " Long live George Washington, President of the United 
States." This was the signal for the outburst of pent-up joy and patriotism. 
A hurricane of shouts rent the air, and, amid the waving of flags and banners, 
lasted for several minutes. A flag was immediately displayed over Federal 
Hall as a sign that the ceremony had been performed, and instantaneously all 
the bells in the city rang out triumphantly, while cannon boomed from fort and 
fleet in every direction. 

Washington bowed low to the vast cheering assemblage, and then retired to 
the Senate Chamber, where he delivered the following inaugural address : 

" Fellow citizens of the Senate and of the House of Representatives : 

" Among the vicissitudes incident to life no event could have filled me with 
greater anxieties than that of which the notification was transmitted by your 
order, and received on the 14th day of the present month. On the one hand I 
was summoned by my country, whose voice I can never hear but with venera- 
tion and love, from a retreat which I had chosen with the fondest predilection, 
and, in my flattering hopes, with an immutable decision, as the asylum of my 
declining years ; a retreat which was rendered every day more necessary as well 
as more dear to me by the addition of habit to inclination, and of frequent 
interruptions in my health to the gradual waste committed on it by time. On 
the other hand, the magnitude and difficulty of the trust to which the voice of 
my country called me being sufficient to awaken in the wisest and most experi- 
enced of her citizens a distrustful scrutiny into his qualifications, could not but 
overwhelm with despondence one who was inheriting inferior endowments from 
nature, and unpracticed in the duties of civil administration, ought to be 
peculiarly conscious of his own deficiencies. In this conflict of emotions all I 
dare aver is, that it has been my faithful study to collect my duty from a just 
appreciation of every circumstance by which it might be affected. All I dare 
hope is, that if, in accepting this task, I have been too much swayed by a 
remembrance of former instances, or by an affectionate sensibility to this trans- 
cendent proof of the confidence of my fellow citizens, and have thence too 
little consulted my incapacity as well as disinclination for the weighty and un- 
tried cares before me, my error will be palliated by the motives which misled me, 
and its consequences be judged by my country with some share of the partiality 
in which they originated. Such being the impressions under which I have, in 
obedience to the public summons, repaired to the present station, it will be pecu- 
liarly improper to omit, in this first official act, my fervent supplications to that 



20 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



Ijuerpool apd I^opdop 2T)d Qlobe 

INSaRANCE GO. 

OF I_IV6RPOOI— eNGL-HND, 

was established in the year 1836, taking its name in the first instance from the place of its 
birth. By the marked success experienced in the British Metropolis, it was felt desirable in 
the year 1848 to change the title of the Company, and accordingly at that time it became 
The LivERPOOi. AND London Insurance Company, and, on the acquisition of the business 
of the Globe Insurance Company in 1S64, the title was further changed to The LivERPOOi, 
and London and Globe Insurance Company. 

In the year 1848 an agency was established in New York, and 1851 were opened agen- 
cies at Philadelphia and other important points in the United States. 

The following table exhibits the progress of the United States Branch: 

1848. Net Fire Premiums 14,519.00 

1858. " " " 471,988.00 

1868. " '■ " 1,739,620.00 

1878. " " " 2,422,126.00 

18SS. " " " 3,928,010.00 

To afford perfect security to policy-holders, the Directors early made adequate provision of 
funds. From surplus income reserves were created, not only affording protection against 
ordinary loss, but also from those extensive and destructive conflagrations which from time 
to time occur. 

This Company, b}^ its world-wide business — depending on no particular locality — and 
large accumulation of funds, affords to insurers and stockholders the protection required. 
The year 1871 accordingly found this Company not unprepared to meet its engagements. 
By the disastrous conflagration at Chicago in that year, the Liverpool and London and 
Globe suff"ered a loss of $3,239,091, and by the Boston fire in the following j-ear, it satisfied 
claims to the extent of $1,427,290. 

Although well provided with Funds in the United States, the Company not merely 
largely satisfied these extraordinary losses from its chief office in England, but at the same 
time increased its assets in this country, as will be seen from the following statement : 

U. S. Assets at Excess of 

Year. Fikst J.\nuary. Income. Expenditures. Expenditure. 

1871. 13,054,361 $3,163,901 $5,122,653 $1,958,752 

1872. 3,640,450 3,733,101 4,484,999 751. 99S 

1873. 4,165,290 

Thus showing Excess of Expenditure in the U. S. in the two years $2,710,650.00 

And Increase of Assets in the same time 1,1 10,939.00 

It is not surprising that this action, in conjunction with the promptitude shown in 
the adjustment of these large losses, should be felt in an immediate and ver}- large 
increase of business, and that a confidence should l)e inspired which the lapse of time 
has in no degree impaired. 

CHIEF OFFICE IN THE UNITED STATES: 
45, 47, 49 William Street, and 41, 43 Pine Street, New York City. 



WAvShington Inaugural Centennial. 21 

Almighty Being who rules over the universe, who presides in the councils of 
nations, and whose prudential aids can supply every human defect, that His 
benediction may consecrate to the liberties and happiness of the people 
of the United States a government instituted by themselves for these 
essential purposes, and may enable every instrument employed in its 
administration to execute with success the function allotted to its charge. 
In tendering this homage to the great Author of every public and private 
good, I assure myself that it expresses your sentiments not less than my 
own, nor those of my fellow-citizens at large less than either. No people can 
be bound to acknowledge and adore the invisible hand which conducts the 
affairs of men more than the people of the United States. Every step by 
which they have advanced to the character of an independent nation seems to 
have been distinguished by some token of providential agency. And in the 
important revolution just accomplished, in the system of their united govern- 
ment, the tranquil deliberations and voluntary consent of so many distinct 
communities, from which the event has resulted, cannot be compared with the 
means by which most governments have been established, without some return 
of pious gratitude, along with an humble anticipation of the future blessings 
which the past seem to presage. These reflections, arising out of the present 
crisis, have forced themselves too strongly on my mind to be suppressed. You 
will join with me, I trust, in thinking that there are none under the influence 
of which the proceedings of a new and free government can more auspiciously 
commence. By the article establishing the Executive Department it is made 
the duty of the President to recommend to your consideration such measures as 
he shall judge necessary and expedient. The circumstances under which I now 
meet you will acquit me from entering into the subject further than to refer to 
the great constitutional charter under which you are assembled, and which, in 
defining your powers, designates the objects to which your attention is to be 
g ven. It will be more than consistent with these circumstances, and far more 
congenial with the feelings which actuate me, to substitute, in place of a recom- 
mendation of particular measures, the tribute that is due to the talents, the 
rectitude and the patriotism which adorn the characters selected to devise and 
adopt them. In these honorable qualifications I behold the surest pledges that 
as, on one side no local prejudices or attachments, no separate views nor party 
animosities will misdirect a comprehensive and equal eye which ought to watch 
over this great assemblage of communities and interests ; so, on another, that 
the foundations of our national policy will be laid in the pure and immutable 
principles of private morality, and the pre-eminence of free government be 
exemplified by all the attributes which can win the affections of its citizens, and 
command the respect of the world. I dwell on this prospect with every satis- 
faction which an ardent love for my country can inspire. Since there is no 
truth more thoroughly established than that there exists in the economy and 
course of nature an indissoluble union between virtue and happiness, between 



2 2 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 

duty and advantage, between the genuine nnaxims of an honest and magnani- 
mous policy, and the soHd rewards of public prosperity and felicity; since we 
ought to be no less persuaded that the propitious smiles of heaven can never be 
expected on a nation that disregards the eternal rule of order, of right which 
heaven itself has ordained ; and since the preservation of the sacred fire of 
liberty and the destiny of the republican model of government are justly con- 
sidered as deeply, perhaps as finally, staked on the experiment intrusted to the 
hands of the American people. Besides the ordinary objects submitted to your 
care, it will remain with your judgment to decide how far an exercise of the 
occasional power delegated by the fifth article of the Constitution is rendered 
expedient at the present juncture by the nature of objections which have been 
urged against the system, or by the degree of inquietude which has given birth 
to them. Instead of undertaking particular recommendations on this subject, 
in v/hich I would be guided by no lights derived from official opportunities, I 
shall again give way to my entire confidence in your discernment and pursuit of 
the public good. For I assure myself that whilst you carefully avoid every 
alteration which might endanger the benefits of a united and effective govern- 
ment, or which ought to await the future lessons of experience, a reverence for 
the characteristic rights of freemen and a regard for the public harmony will 
sufficiently influence your deliberations on the question, how far the former can 
be more impregnably fortified or the latter be safely and advantageously 
promoted. To the preceding observations I have one to add, which will be 
most properly addressed to the House of Representatives. It concerns myself, 
and will, therefore, be as brief as possible. When I was first honored with a 
call into the service of my country, then on the eve of an arduous struggle for 
its liberties, the light in which I contemplated my duty required that I should 
renounce every pecuniary compensation. From this resolution I have in no 
instance departed. And being still under the impressions which produced it, I 
must decline as inapplicable to myself any share in the personal emoluments 
which maybe indispensably included in a permanent provision for the Executive 
Department, and must accordingly pray that the pecuniary estimates for the 
station in which I am placed may, during my continuance in it, be limited to 
such actual expenditures as the public good may be thought to require. Hav- 
ing thus imparted to you my sentiments as they have been awakened by the 
occasion which brings us together, I shall take my present leave, but not with- 
out resorting once more to the benign Parent of the human race in humble sup- 
plication that since he has been pleased to favor the American people with 
opportunities for deliberating in perfect tranquillity, and dispositions for decid- 
ing with unparalleled unanimity, on a form of government for the security of 
their union and the advancement of their happiness, so His divine blessings 
may be equally conspicuous in the enlarged views, the temperate consultations, 
and the wise measures on which the success of this government must depend." 
After his address President Washington, attended by the Vice-President, 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



Chancellor Livingston, cabinet officers and other dignitaries, went to St. Paul's 
Chapel, where prayers were read by Bishop Provost, one of the chaplains of 
Congress. The church was crowded, and the services very impressive. After 
they were over the President was escorted to his residence. In the evening the 
city was brilliantly illuminated, and the people who had been in the habit of 
retiring early sat up until a late hour talking about the event of the day which 
crowned the man who was " first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of 
his countrymen." 

The excitement, which for several days prevailed throughout the city over 
the inauguration, gradually disappeared, and life here resumed its normal con- 
ditions. President Washington at once proceeded to study the machinery of 
the new Government, looking into all the details of Federal and foreign affairs. 
He applied himself with great zeal to the examination of the relations between 
the United States and European nations, and read all the State papers that 
had accumulated after the close of the war. His official duties and the demands 
of society proved to be exacting for the great patriot-statesman, and gave him 
little time for private relaxation at home. He soon found it necessary to adopt 
some regular system for obeying the behests of society. So he appointed 
Tuesday afternoon, from three to four o'clock, for the reception of visiters. 
Though he did not extend invitations, he was always pleased to see whoever 
called to pay their respects. Foreign ministers and other officials were received 
on another day. 

Washington's life was simple and unostentatious. During June and July 
following the inauguration he was prostrated by sickness, from which he grad- 
ually recovered. Owing to this illness he was unable to participate in the cele- 
bration of the I'ourth of July — the first one after he became President. He 
had just regained his health when another misfortune befell him in the death 
of his mother, which occurred August 25 at Fredericksburg. Before the 
adjournment of the first Federal Congress Washington was recommended to 
appoint a day of thanksgiving, and he named November 26. Thus the Thanks- 
giving day custom was established and has been observed, even to the date of 
the month, for one hundred years. Congress having adjourned, the city became 
more quiet than it had been for several months. One of Washington's favorite 
pleasures was daily horseback riding. He also walked a good deal for exercise 
and diversion from onerous State duties. He frequently went out with his 
wife riding, sometimes in a post-chaise and sometimes in a coach drawn by 
four and often by six horses, of which he kept quite a stock. His carriage was 
invariably accompanied by liveried outriders, preceded by two of his secretaries 
on horseback. On October 13 Washington left the city for a tour of New 
England. He rode in his own coach or chariot, drawn by four spirited bay 
horses. His journey was a triumphal march. 

Taking advantage of his absence and that of Congress, and the consequent 
lagging of interest in the new Federal Government, the inhabitants turned their 



24 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 

attention, that had been diverted considerabl}-, to their respective industries. 
They prepared for a gay winter. Tradesmen, merchants and professional gen- 
tlemen were busy. New houses were built, old ones remodeled, renovated and 
refurnished. The population rapidly increased during the fall and winter of 
1789-90, while public improvements went on in various sections of the city. 
One of the latter was the extension of the sidewalk on Broadway, from Vesey 
street to Murray street. This evidence of progressiveness aroused unusual 
interest at the time. Hotels and boarding-houses were erected, business of all 
kinds was brisk, society was on its tip-toe of anticipation for the winter months 
— in short, the little provincial cit)' was humming with active life. 

And what a small municipality it was compared with the metropolis of 
to-day ! The story of the acorn that grew into a mighty oak, with many out- 
spreading roots and broad overshadowing branches, finds a fitting counterpart 
in the history of New York for the past century. From a speck of population 
on " Mana-hata, Isle of the Blest " — a modest hamlet — the city has grown to its 
present enormous proportions as fast as ingenuity, energy, enterprise and capi- 
tal could make it, until it has become the metropolis — the chief commercial 
emporium and financial centre — of the New World. This " New Amsterdam of 
the Dutch " contained a handful of people one hundred years ago. To-day its 
population numbers about 2,000,000. It is d fficult to picture the magic and 
marvellous changes wrought during the past century. All of Manhattan Island, 
save the part belov/ our present City Hall, as mentioned earlier in this article, 
was occupied by farms, woodlands, country residences and quaint old taverns 
scattered along the post roads. The British line of works ran near what is now 
Grand street. The North River water line came up about to Greenwich 
street, fully two blocks further into the city than it does to-day. The present 
Battery Park is almost wholly on made ground. 

Carry the City Hall down to Wall street ; rebuild Fort George on Bowling 
Green; put stage coaches in place of street and " L" railroads; the post boy 
for the telegraph boy and messenger ; oil and tallow for gas and electric light ; 
restore the quaint colonial dwellings and shops, with a few old-fashioned man- 
sions, on the places occupied to-day by costly and massive private and business 
blocks ; banish most of the pavements and sidewalks ; silence the tremendous 
buzzing and din of the streets and on the rivers; clothe the men in knee 
breeches and do up their hair in queues and powder it ; put long continental 
coats on their backs, three-cornered hats on their heads and low-cut shoes, with 
big nickel-plated buckles on their feet ; dress the women in hoops, over which 
their clothes spread out like umbrellas, and comb their hair in a style similar to 
the coiffure fashion of to-day — do all this, and "a good deal more, and we can 
then see what life was like in the New York of 1789. 

The city has steadily advanced in population, wealth and commercial 
enterprise. It has kept pace with the phenomenal growth of the material 
resources of the Union. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 25 



From the vicinity near the site of old Fort George, where the British colors 
were hauled down, millions of Europeans — immigrants — have first caught a 
glimpse of the city — of the country which they were about to make their home. 
Here the cosmopolitan elements of life are united in the most complex pop- 
ulation of which any city in the world can boast. The city of a century ago 
had a quaint appearance. The buildings, both private and public, were of 
antique construction, and would to-day be regarded as curiosities and valuable 
relics. Gable roofs and dormer windows, such as you can see in country towns 
to-day, predominated in the architecture of dwelling houses. Some of the 
churches were also built in this style. Moss-covered roofs were not an uncom- 
mon sight. Nearly every prominent family of that age in New York owned 
slaves. Newspapers of the day published advertisements of " negroes for sale," 
and offered rewards for runaway slaves. 

Whole chapters would be required to narrate in compact detail all the 
important events in the history of the city since the first Federal Government 
was installed. They will therefore have to be summarized in this article. 

The presidential mansion was removed from Franklin square to the 
Macomb House in the spring of 1790. Congress adjourned on August 12 to 
meet in Philadelphia. This made another change of residence for Washington 
and his family necessary a few weeks later. On August 30 he bade farewell to 
New York. After the removal of the seat of government the city was dull — in 
business and in social circles —for several months. In 1791 the merchants, 
wishing to provide a business centre for the commercial community, formed for 
that purpose the Tontine Association, and erected a building at Wall and 
Water streets. John Broome, John Watts, Gulian Verplanck, John Delafield 
and William Laight are among the prominent men associated in this enterprise. 

One of the most imposing and costly mansions in the city at the beginning 
of the nineteenth century was the government house, intended as the residence 
for Washington, on the site of the old fort at Bowling Green, but the removal 
of the seat of government left it to other uses. The house was built of red 
brick, two stories high, with four big Ionic columns in front, giving it a stately, 
classical appearance. The Governors of the State occupied it for several years, 
and finally it became the Custom House. In 181 5 it was removed. In the 
autumn of 1791 a yellow fever epidemic broke out here, but was soon checked 
by a frost, not, however, until it had carried off sev^eral victims. Four years 
later it broke out again (in August) with great violence, and raged through the 
warm weather, carrying off 735 persons. Another epidemic, more destructive 
than any previously experienced, appeared in 1798, and raged for several 
months with great violence. It struck terror to the citizens The panic was 
wide-spread All who could fled the city, the stores were closed, business 
generally was suspended, and the streets deserted. From the outbreak of the 
pestilence to the first of November, when its terrible force had been spent, 2086 
persons died, exclusive of those who left the city, and this from a population of 
55.000. 



26 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



Washington Square, which was bought for a burial place by the corporation 
in 1796, became the "Potter's Field." Strangers and common people, as well 
as prominent persons, who died from the scourge, were buried there. The em- 
bers of the epidemic kept alive in the city for several years, breaking out at in- 
tervals, yet at no time did its ravages equal those of '98. The Park Theatre 
was built in 1798, and opened three nights in a week. It was burned in 1820, 
rebuilt and reopened in the following year and destroyed again by fire in 1848. 
Then warehouses were built upon its site, which fronted the City Hall Park. 
Several other theatres sprung up in the next fifty years. The Manhattan Com- 
pany was chartered to supply the city with water in 1799. In 1801 the total 
valuation of real estate and personal property of the city was $21,964,037, with 
a tax of one mill on a dollar. Among the hotels were the Kennedy House at 
the lower end of Broadway, the Bunker Mansion House (on the site of 39 
Broadway), and P'raunces' Tavern, previously spoken of in this narrative. The 
penal institutions were the Bridewell, in which vagrants and minor offenders 
were confined as well as criminals, and the new jail (both of which stood near 
the site of the County Court House), and the State Prison, in Greenwich Village, 
on the shores of the North River, for convicts of a higher grade. In 1838 the 
Bridewell was demolished, and the stone from it was utilized in the construc- 
tion of the Tombs, then in process of erection. The new jail had meanwhile 
been transformed into the Hall of Records. The fire alarm bell, which was in 
the belfry of the Bridewell, was transferred to the engine-house of the Naiad 
Hose Company in Beaver street, where it remained until it rung out its own 
death knell for the great fire of 1835. The New York or City Hospital was 
the only institution of the kind in the city in 1801. There were several socie- 
ties, among which was the Tammany. This was formed in 1789, and William 
Mooney was the original grand sachem. It was named after Tammany, a 
famous Indian chief. Three banks and three insurance companies were at this 
time in operation. The newspapers were the Nczv York Gazette and General 
Advertiser, Nexv York Eveni)ig Post, American Citizen, Coinniercial Advertiser, 
Public Advertiser, Mercaiitile Advertiser, and New York Weekly Museuui. Three 
stages accommodated the traveling public, while to-day we have four elevated 
railroads and numerous horse car lines and still need more facilities. There 
were two ferries to Brooklyn — -one from the Fly Market Slip, near the foot of 
Maiden Lane, and the other from Catharine Slip ; one ferry to Paulus Hook 
(now Jersey City), one to Elizabethtown Point and another to Staten Island 
The corner-stone of our present City Hall was laid September 20, 1803, by 
Mayor Livingston. This edifice, which is too well known to require description, 
was completed in 18 12. It cost about $500,000, which was an enormous sum to 
be raised in those days of frugality and moderate ideas about public improve- 
ments. Mayor Livingston resigned in 1803 and De Witt Clinton was appointed 
in his place. The charter election in November of that year was warmly con- 
tested by the Republicans and Federalists. The violent political disputes of 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



this period resulted in a duel between Alexander Hamilton, a bosom friend of 
Washington, and Aaron Burr, the third Vice-President of the United States. 
This "affair of honor" was settled at sunrise July ii, 1804, in a picturesque re- 
treat, near the banks of the Hudson, about half a mile above Wcehawken. 
Hamilton was mortally wounded by the first round and fell, discharging his pis- 
tol in the air. During this year forty stores in Wall and Front streets were 
burned. Hackney coaches were first licensed in 1804. Robert Fulton made a 
successful experiment with a primitive steamboat on the Hudson River in 1806. 
A year later the city was surveyed and laid out. On August 15, 1824, General 
Lafayette arrived in the city, and was welcomed with enthusiastic demon- 
strations. 

The boom of cannon on October 26, 1826, announced the completion of the 
Erie Canal, and the final union of the lakes with the Atlantic Ocean — the pre- 
cursor of coming power and wealth of the city as the mighty gateway between 
the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. On November 1 1 the arrival of the 
first canal boat was the occasion of a grand marine and land parade, in whivii 
the commingling of the waters was typically illustrated by the pouring by Gov- 
ernor Clinton, the father of the canal, of a keg of fresh water from Lake Erie 
into the ocean at the Narrows. The first experiments with gas for lighting the 
city were made in 1812, but it was not generally used until 1825. In 181 1 the 
city was devastated by a conflagration that swept away in a few hours nearly 
one hundred houses. One of the most important public measures of this period 
was the adoption of a plan of the future city, to which we owe the parallel 
streets and broad avenues in the upper part of the island, and which contrast so 
strongly with the narrow and in some places crooked streets in the oldest part of 
the metropolis down town. In 1832 an epidemic of cholera brought death to 
3500 persons, and two years later appeared again, causing a mortality of nearly 
1000. The population was then about 200,000. The first election of a Mayor 
by the votes of the people occurred in 1834, when Cornelius W. Lawrence and 
Gulian C. Verplanck were the candidates. Lawrence was elected. The city was 
prostrated December 16, 1835, by a terrible and disastrous fire which raged three 
days, destroying over six hundred buildings and propert}' valued at $20,000,000. 
Following close upon this calamity came the great commercial distress and 
financial panic of 1836—7 — that the older brokers all remember — which spread 
over the whole country, and swept many prosperous firms into the whirlpool of 
destruction. The population in 1840 was 312,700. The Croton aqueduct, 
through which the metropolis receives its water supph', was completed in 1842. 
Two years later an enormous influx of foreigners occurred, and the immigration 
has been going on, increasing every year ever since, until it seems to have 
reached its flood tide. This has added enormously every year to the wealth of 
our population. 

The first communication by telegraph between New York and Philadelphia 
occurred in 1845. ^^ this period Union Square was becoming the fashionable 



2 8 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 

residential centre of wealthy New Yorkers. Fourteenth street was lined on 
both sides with mansions. The equestrian statue of Washington was erected 
in 1856. Mercantile pursuits soon began to make inroads on Fourteenth 
street, and kept up every year, until now only a few private dwelling houses 
can be found in that thoroughfare between Third and Sixth avenues. Madison 
Square, one of the prettiest parks in New York, was in a crude state. Through 
the energy of James Harper, who was the Mayor from 1844 to 1847, measures 
were taken by the city government, aided by the leading rich men, to improve 
the unsightly land. Within a few years it was transformed, by grading and 
planting trees, into a handsome park, and to-day it is the favorite resort of our 
citizens. The Fifth Avenue Hotel, facing this square, was completed in 1859. 

On July 19, 1845, another disastrous fire occurred, destroying property 
valued at several million dollars. The discovery of gold in California in 1848 
caused an immense rush of New Yorkers to the Pacific slope. Everybody saw 
visions of dazzling wealth. Merchants, brokers, professional men and thou- 
sands of others who could stand the expense started on the long journey to the 
land " flowing with milk and honey." Many were lucky and made fortunes in 
the gold fields. But the gold fever was counteracted somewhat in the spring of 
1849 t>y the Astor Place riot. William C. Macready, an English actor, and the 
celebrated American tragedian, Edwin Forrest, were the innocent causes of the 
disturbance. Forrest had not been favorably received in England, and so his 
American admirers determined that they would retaliate when the Englishman 
appeared in New York on May 10. He played J/rt^rZir//!. A mob gathered in 
Astor Place during the performance and determined to drive Macready from the 
stage. Many of the rioters were in the theatre. As soon as the actor came upon 
the stage he was assailed with hisses, groans, decayed eggs and various other mis- 
siles. An indescribable scene followed. There was a stampede from the theatre. 
Twenty thousand men, mostly toughs of the city, were howling in front of the 
theatre. Several hundred policemen, who had been detailed to prevent a disturb- 
ance — which was known to have been arranged — were powerless in the hands 
of the furious rioters, who hurled paving stones at them. The Seventh Regiment 
was called out. The rioters had already wounded many and killed several men 
when the soldiers appeared. The regiment fired upon the mob, killing a number 
of the rioters. This virtually ended the disturbance, although, as a precaution, 
the regiment was on duty for three days following. On July 14, 1853, an exhi- 
bition of the industrial products of all nations was opened in the Crystal Palace, 
in Reservoir Square, now Bryant Park. The site of the Central Park was 
selected July 2, 1855, by commissioners appointed by the Supreme Court of the 
State. In the summer of 1857 a financial crisis swept over the commercial world 
here and extended to Europe. The business of the growing metropolis was 
prostrated, all enterprises were crippled, the banks suspended specie payments, 
while those who depended on a day's or a week's wages for living were sud- 
denly thrown into a state of destitution, to which a severe winter following 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



added fresh terrors. Some relief, however, was provided by labor on public 
works of the city, and the distribution of food and clothing by charitable 
societies. The aid, however, was not at first adequate for all the sufferers, many 
of whom perished for lack of clothing and food. The common cry was : 
" Bread ! Bread ! Give us bread. We must have it." It was so long coming 
that the hungry people, exasperated beyond endurance, finally indulged in 
rioting. The mob wildly seized bakers' wagons and grabbed their contents and 
ravenously devoured them. Hungry laborers threatened to break open pro- 
vision stores and help themselves. So great was the danger of general destruc- 
tion that all the available police force and militia were needed to protect the 
arsenal, the Custom House and other public buildings. The wants of the 
half-starved people were finally supplied, and no very serious outbreak occurred. 

This year witnessed the riotous demonstrations growing out of a conflict 
between two police organizations under the mayoralty of Fernando Wood, for 
whose arrest an order was issued and resisted. Rioting began on July 4, and 
eleven persons were killed. The Seventh Regiment was called out to quell the 
mob. The successful laying of the Atlantic cable was announced in August, 
1858, and on September i the achievement was celebrated here by a grand dem- 
onstration. But no event, in the history of the past half century at least, cre- 
ated more profound excitement in the city than the outbreak of the Rebellion. 
The winter of 1 860-61 was one of anxiety, dread and distress. As soon as 
Fort Sumter was fired upon, the work of organizing regiments here was begun. 

On July 13, 1863, the militia of the city having been sent to Pennsylvania, 
the United States authorities undertook to enforce the draft law. This caused 
an insurrection, which turned upon the colored population of the city. The 
elements of disorder were combined in this mob. For several days general 
consternation reigned in the city. The rioters sacked numerous houses and 
public offices, destroyed the headquarters of the Provost Marshal, burned the 
building occupied as the Colored Orphan Asylum, attacked the police and 
chased colored people whenever they were found on the streets. Some were 
caught and hanged to lamp-posts. The stars and stripes were torn down and 
trampled upon. Stores were robbed in daylight. Business general!}- was sus- 
pended, while stages and street cars were stopped. 

The courageous action of the police, supported by the Federal troops, 
finally conquered the rioters, but not without the loss of many lives. P"requent 
outdoor demonstrations were held during the war, the most conspicuous of these 
being the great mass meetings that occurred in Union Square July 15, 1862, 
and April 11, 1863. The news of the capture of Lee and the final triumph 
over the rebels resulted in a series of public celebrations. But these days of 
rejoicing were soon clouded by the assassination of President Lincoln. During 
the war the city furnished 1 16,382 troops to the government. 

The Orangemen, while celebrating the battle of the Boyne on July 12, 
1871, were attacked by the " Ribbonmen " and a riot ensued, which caused the 



30 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



loss of several lives and was only put down by the militia. The New York 
and Brooklyn suspension bridge, the construction of which was begun on 
January 2, 1870, was publicly opened in May, 1883. In the fall of 1873 
occurred the great financial panic which began with the failure of Jay Cooke 
& Co. Great corporations closed their doors and went into bankruptcy. So 
universal was the lack of confidence felt, that for the first time in the history 
of the New York Stock Exchange it was forced to suspend all transactions. 
During several years of this period investigations of the " Tweed ring " 
were in progress. The arrest, trial and punishment of most of the plun- 
derers and the death of Tweed in prison formed the conclusion of this 
scheme to despoil the city. The elevated railroads, which caused so much 
agitation for a dozen of years, were opened in 1878. Neither the Erie Canal 
nor the Croton aqueduct encountered more fierce opposition. Property-owners 
and others contested the right of the corporations to erect trestle works in the 
streets, and their cases were carried from one court to another for years. Few, 
if any, of these contestants deny to-day that the " L " roads not only enhanced 
the value of real estate in the city — especially up-town — that they were, and 
are, a great public necessity and could not be dispensed with. So with the 
Broadway street railroad, which was opened in 1885, sometimes known as 
" Jake Sharp's road." This enterprise aroused the most intense opposition. 
The history of the "boodle" transactions involved in it, the speedy punishment 
of some members of the " Aldermanic combine," and the death of Sharp are 
too fresh in your minds to need detailed narration. And the same is true 
of the Ward and Fish scandal, which, owing to the prominence of the men 
involved and its effect, proved an earthquake in Wall street and other financial 
centres. 

This account of some of the principal events in the annals of the metrop- 
olis does not constitute nor comprehend more than a brief outline of its 
complete history. In order to understand this it would be necessary to com- 
pare the enlargement and progress of the city in various ways with the history 
of its domestic and foreign commerce. This would require a volume in itself. 
It is sufficient for the purpose of this sketch to say that commercial interests 
originated the settlement of New York, developed its rapid growth, have 
always directly influenced its changes of fortune, and are now the mainstay 
of its supremacy among its sister cities and entitle it to be called the Me- 
tropolis of America. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 




CUSTOM HOUSE-Wall Street. 



32 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



VICTORIA HOTEL, 



FIFTH AVENUE, 



Broadway and T^wenty-Seventh Streets, 



NEW YORK. 



H. L. HOYT & CO., 



PROPRIETORS. 



American and European Plan. All Languages Spoken. 



Th ACING Madison Square, located in the very 
Centre of the City, within seven minutes of 
Grand Central Depot, convenient to all Railroads, 
Steamboat Landings, Theatres, Shopping and 
Places of Interest. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. ss 



OFFIGIAL PReSRAnME. 



The complete programme, as arranged by the committee in charge, for the three days' ceremonies 
and entertainments which have been planned to mark the hundredth anniversary of the inauguration of 
Washington, is as follows : 

MONDAY, APRIL 29. 

The Naval Parade win take place in New York Harbor from ii A. M. to i r. M. 

/-r\i /-A /-\ • ' r c^j 1 and other guests with ladies invited by the 

I he Governors, Commissioners oi otates ^ •.. c, . j „ ^ ( 

J. xi>_ v^v^vv, xa.v^x>_<, ■^w.i.i-ia-.-ix.j,-. v^^v. v^ Committce on States and the members of 

the General Committee will embark at 9.30 A. m. on the steamer Erastus Wiman at ferry slip foot of West 
Twenty-third street, New York City, to receive the President and to meet the President's steamer off 
Elizabethport. Admittance by special blue ticket. 

^~ - A • 1 r T-k • ^ A TT • '^nd the Cabinet officers and other officials of 

On the Arrival of President Harrison distinction, at Elizabethport, at n o'clock Mon- 

day morning, the party will at once embark for New York city. The President and immediate suite will 
be received by the Committee on Navy, and under their direction will embark on the President's steamer 
provided by that committee. 

/^i Q C* • nnder the management of the Committee on Navy, will receive at Eliza- 

1 ne Oteamer OirmS, ^ethport other guests and official personages of the Presidential party who 
cannot be accommodated on the President's steamer. Admission to steamer Sirius will be by red ticket. 
The line of United States ships of war, yachts and steamboats will be formed in the Upper Bay under 
Admiral David D. Porter, U. S. N., as Chief Ma^-shal, and will be reviewed by the President. 

/^ 4-1-. A ' 1 °^ ^^^ Presidential party in the East river, opposite W^all street, a barge manned 
Un tne Amvai ^^ ^ ^^^^^, ^^ shipmasters from the Marine Society of the Port of New York, with 
Capt. Ambrose Snow, president of that society, as coxswain, will row the President ashore. The crew of 
the barge that rowed President Washington from Elizabethport to the foot of Wall street, were members 
of the same society. The steamers Erastus Wiman and Sirius, prior to the debarkation of the President, 
•will land at Pier 16, Wall street, the guests for the reception at the Equitable Building, and proceed with 
the remaining passengers to West Twenty-third Street Ferry and West Twenty-second street. 

_^ . .. _^ riTTHcv the President of the United States will be received 

On Arriving at Foot of Wall btreet ^^ ,j^^ Governor of the state of New York, the 
Mayor of the city of New York, HamiUon Fish, president of the committee, and William G. Hamilton, 
chairman of Committee on States. The President and other guests will next be escorted to the Equitable 
Building, where a reception and collation will be tendered them by the Committee on States. 

The procession will be formed as follows • 

Brevet Lieut. -Col. Floyd Clarkson, Marshal. 

Band Fifth Regiment United States Artillery. 

Three Foot Batteries, Fifth Regiment, U. S. Artillery. 

New York Commandery of the Loyal Legion of the United States. 

Commanders of Posts of the Grand Army of the Republic in Counties of New York and Kings. 

Cappa's Band. 

Uniformed Battalion of Veterans Seventh Regiment, N. C, S. N. Y. 

Uniformed Veteran Militia Associations of New York and Brooklyn. 

Band of the General Service, U. S. Army. 

{Coniinued on Page jj.) 



34 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 






-'«• 



O 

o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 

o 




o 
o 



O 








o 





O 












c3rrcojsr^s5^ 




CARRIAGES 

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, 

HEAVY AND LIG-H T, 

OPEN AND CLOSED, 



FOR 



PARK - AVENUE - ROAD 
CITY AND COUNTRY 

PKICES WITHIN THE REACH OF ALL. 




R. M. STIVERS, 

144.146,148. Oil 
150,152 Olol 



EAST, 



FOUNDED 1850. 



Bet. 3d & 4th Avs., 

NEW YORK CITY. 





o 



£ 



O 

O 

o 
o 
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o 


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o 










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o 





O 

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Washington Inaugural Centennial. 35 



Society of the Sons of the Revohition. 

The General Committee of the Centennial Celebration. 

The Tresident of the United States, the Governor of the State of New York, the Mayor of the city of New 

York, and Hamilton Fish, president of the committee, flanked by the barge crew 

from the Marine Society of the Port of New York. 

Tlie Vice-President of tlie United States and Lieutenant-Governor of the State of New York. 

The Secretaries of State, Treasury, War and Navy of the United States. 

The Secretary of the Interior, the Postmaster-General, the Attorney-General and Secretary of Agriculture 

of the United States. 

The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. 

The Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States, and Judges of other Federal Courts. 

The Governors of States, taking precedence in the order of Admission of their States into the Union. 

The Official Representation of the Senate of the United States. 

The Official Representation of the House of Representatives of the United States. 

The Governors of Territories and President of the Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia, 

taking precedence in the order of establishment of their Territorial governments. 

The Admiral of the Xavy, Gen. Sherman, the Major-General Commanding the Army, and Officers of the 

Army and Navy who by name have received the thanks of Congress. 

The Official Representation of the Society of the Cincinnati. 

The Chief Judge and Judges of the Court of Appeals of the State of New York. 

The Presiding Justice and Justices of the Supreme Court of the State of New York, and Judges of other 

Courts of Record within the City of New York. 

The Legislature of the State of New York. 

Officers of the State of New York. 

Judges and Justices of other Courts in the City of New York. 

The Board of Aldermen of the City of New York. 

Heads of Departments in the City of New York. 

Mayor of the City of Brooklyn. 

The Board of Aldermen of the City of Brooklyn. 

The Foreign Consuls of New York, and Officers of the Army and Navy of tlie United States. 

Invited Guests, without special order of precedence. 

The Distance from the Landing f '^%^°°\ f Wall street to the Equitable Building being 

'^ but a few blocks, the procession will proceed on foot from 
the landing at Wall street to the Equitable Building, carriages being only provided for the President and 
his immediate party. At tlie reception in the Equitable Building the President, with his Cabinet, the 
Governors of the States, the Governor of the State of New York and the Mayor of the city of Nevv- York 
will have presented to them the guests, who will pass and bow to the President and party without shaking 
hands (as was the custom at the reception of Washington in 1789). The reception will last from 2 to 
3.30 o'clock. Admission only by buff ticket. 

/jvi -p , • From 4 to 5.30 o'clock a public reception will be given to the President of the 

^ ' United States in -the Governor's room in the City Hall, the President, the Gov- 

ernor of the State of New York and the Mayor of the city of New York proceeding under military escort. 

\ i. J.1 Oi- r J.^ r^'i. tt 11 a representation of girls from the public schools will assemble 

At the bteps of U12 Lity Hall / . ,. t, •, . r ., it •» 1 c. . 

^ -^ and welcome the President of the United States. 

/-pi -T) -i-i 111 the evening at g o'clock the Centennial Ball will l)e given in the Metropolitan Opera 
House. Tlie following is the programme : 

Til l\/r °^ '•^^^ '^''y °^ New York, as host and as chairman of tlie Committee on the Centennial 

-^ Celebration of the Inauguration of George Washington as President of the United 
States, will arrive at the Metropolitan Opera House at 10.15 P. M., and at 10.30 will receive the President 
of the United States and other distinguished guests. 

{Continued on Page j/.) 



36 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



CELLULOID PELTY GOPIPOHY 



Sole Manufacturers of 



GELLtiLOlD GOl^l^ARS # G^f^FS. 



W, S. SILLCOCKS, President. 



C. L BALCK, Vice-Presibeht, 



F, R. LEFFERTS, Secretary and Treasurer. 



THE WDNQER DF THE AGE. 
CELLULOID (LiHEN) COLLARS AND CUFFS. 




They are soft and pliable, defy perspiration, and can be worn without change for months. 
They are the only linen goods made, covered with a Waterproof material. 
No laundering required when soiled ; simply wipe off with soap and water, and they are ready 
again for wear. 




BEWARE OF IMITATIONS— THEY ARE WORTHLESS. ALL GENUINE GOODS 

HAVE OUR TRADE MARK. 

TRADE 




ElLUiOiO 



MARK. 

Accept no Goods without this Trade Mark. All First-Class Gents' Furnishing and Dry 

Goods Houses keep the Goods. 

CELLULOID NOVELXY CO., 



(wholesale only.) 



313 and 315 BROADWAY, N. Y. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 2)7 



T^lie President " '^^ ^"^ brought to the ball by the chairman of the Committee on Entertainment, ac- 
companied by the Governor of the State of New York and Mrs. Harrison, the Vice- 
President and Mrs. Morton, the Lieutenant-Governor and Mrs. Jones. 

n^llP T\/ra"naD"er of tlie T^a ^^''^ meet the President at his carriage and conduct him into the 
° ''uilding, where the formal reception by the Mayor will take place. 

After the reception the guests above named will be conducted to the floor in the following order, 
escorted liy a guard of honor : 

The iNIayor. The President. The Governor. 

The Vice-President and Mrs. Harrison. 

The Lieutenant-Governor and Mrs. Morton. 

The President of the General Committee and Mrs. Jones. 

'T^Jip Prespntpfinn ^'^ front of the President's box the chairman of the Committee on Entertain- 
ment will present to the President the chairman of the Executive Committee 
and the members of the Committee on Entertainment and of the Committee on Plan and Scope. 
After the presentation the opening quadrille will be formed by the manager of the ball. 

At IVfirl-nio'lit ''^^ President and party will be escorted in the above order to the supper-room, which 
^ order will be observed on returning. The serving of wine will cease at i A. M., in 
compliance with the law. 



TUESDAY, APRIL 30. 

Op«-.r^.Jppq; ^.-T 'p'hnTiTr'JcriAnno' P'^^^'^i^'^'^ ^'^ f^'^s proclamation of the President, will be held in the 
" ^' churches in New York and throughout the country at g A. M., 

being the hour at which religious services were held in New York city on April 30, 1789. 

A Special Ser^dce of Thanksgiving will be held in St. Paul's Chapel at 9 o'clock, which 
J. <:3 c:) j-jjg President and other distmguished guests will 

attend. This service will be conducted by the Right Rev. Henry C. Porter, D.I)., LL.D., Bishop of 
New York, as the service on the day of Washington's Inauguration in 17S9 was conducted by the Bishop 
of New York, the Right Rev. Samuel Provoost. Admission only by lavender ticket. 

/-pi On-t-nmiffp'P' "^ ^^^ Vestry of Trinity Church will meet the President at the Vesey street gate 
and escort him to the west porch of the Chapel, where he will be receivetl by the 
rector and the full vestry. The Presitlent will then be escorted to the Washington pew, and on his with- 
drawal from the Chapel the \'estry will escort him to the west purch, where he will be received by the 
Committee on Literary Exercises at the \'esey street gate. 

The Services at St. Paul's Chapel nv iu be as follows ; 

1. Processional Hymn. 7. Benedicite. 

2. Our Father, etc. S. Creed and Prayers. 

3. Psalm Ixxxv. . g. Address by the Right Rev. Henry C. Potter, 

4. First Lesson, Eccles. xliv. Bishop of New York. 

5. Te Deum. 10. Recessional Hymn. 

6. Second Lesson, St. John viii. 

The Literary Exercises.— -^\^^^ '''''' f ^'" religious services at 9.45 a. m. the President 
•^ and party will proceed to the Sub-Ireasury building, at the corner 

of ^Vall and Nassau streets, the scene of the Inauguration ceremony on April 30, I78g, \\ here the literary 
exercises will take place. These exercises will begin at 10 A. M., and will consist of an invocation by the 
Rev. Richards. Storrs, D.D., LL.D.; a poem by John Greenleaf Whittier ; an oration by Chauncey 
Mitchell Depew, LL.D.; an address by the President of the United States, and the benediction by the 
Rev. Michael Augustine Corrigan, Archbishop of New York. 

(Continued on Page jg.) 



38 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



HOTEL SX MHRC 



FIFTH AVENae, 



3Stln aiicl 39tU Streets, Nexv York:. 



J. ALONZO NUTTER. 



^Lmei'ican I'lan, $4 to $5 jter day. 
European I'lan, $1.50 per day. 



Q(:ad(?ny of ^usie, 

/ Irvii:it^ Place and. l^^tla St. 

S5c., 30c. f 75c. and $1, 

GILMORE & TOMPKINS, Proprietors and Managers. 

DENMAN THOMPSON 

— IN — 

THE OLD HOMESTEAD. 



>octoi<'^23dgiTheati'B, 

NEAR SIXTH AVENUE. 

A.bsolutely Fireproof and Safe, 

PROCTOR & TURNER, Proprietors and Managers. 



NEIL BdRGESS*- 

— 1.\ THE — 

•^•eoaNTY FAIR. 

PRICES, 25c„ 50c„ 75c,, Sl.OO, $1.50, 







H. C. shannon, 

M.\NAGER. 



FIFTH JWENUE, 

« NEWYORK^ 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 39 



^\^P' Porcjrl^ '^^ ^^^ conclusion of tlie literary exercises the President and members of the 

Cabinet, the Chief Justice and Associate Justices of the United States will be 
driven to the reviewing stand at Madison Square to review the parade. Other guests will be carried to 
the reviewing stands by a special train on the Third Avenue Elevated Railroad, which will start from 
Hanover Square and run to the Twenty-third street station. While the literary exercises are taking 
place the military will move from the head of Wall street and Broadway. The column, under Major- 
General John M. Schofield, U. S. A., as Chief Marshal, will be composed of the Cadets from the Military 
Academy of West Point, the Naval Cadets from Annapolis, the troops of the Regular Army and Navy 
and the National Guard of each State in the order in which the States ratified the Constitution or were 
admitted into, the Union. These will be followed by the Military Order of the Loyal Legion and the 
posts of the Grand Army of the Republic. 

The Route of the Procession ^vill be up Broadway to Waverly place, through Waverly place 

to Fifth avenue, thence up tifih avenue to 1" if ty-seventh 
street. The reviewing stand will be on the east side of Fifth avenue on Madison square, extending from 
Twenty-third to Twenty-sixth streets. 
The other stands will be as follows • 

1. On the west side of Fiftli avenue, from Twenty-fourth to Twenty-sixth streets. 

2. On the west side of Fifth avenue, from Fortieth to Forty-second streets. 

3. On the north side of Washington square. 

4. On the east side of Broadway at the City liall Park. 

"The Centennial Banquet win take place at the Metropolitan Opera House at 6.30 P. M. 

Apl r^ , At 8 P. M. there will be, at the reviewing stand, Madison square, a free, open-air 

concert of vocal and instrumental music, under the auspices of the German- 
Americans of New York, 

It is estimated that over 2000 singers will sing in this concert. The singing will be led by Theodore 
Thomas, and R. Schmeelt will conduct the l)and, which will consist of seventy-five to one hundred men. 
The concert will last from 8 till 10 o'clock, after which fireworks will be displayed. Weber's "Jubilee 
Oratorio " has been added to the programme, and the " Star Spangled Banner" and " Hail Columbia" 
will be played with the expectation that everyone will join in. 

-p^ . 4-1 Th^ * there will be a general illumination of the city and display of fireworks, 

o ^ the programme of which will be found on page 41. 



AA^EDNESDAY, MAY 1. 

The Industrial and Civic Parade, ^l^^^^^^'''^^^^^^! Major-Gen Daniel Butterfidd, late 

' U. S. vols.. Chief Marshal, will take place. 1 he line 
of march will be from Fifty-seventh street down Fifth avenue to Waverly place, up V^averly place to 
Broadway, and down Broadway to Canal street. 

,^ ,^ .,..,. . The formal opening of the Loan Exhibition of Historical Portraits 

I he IvOan i^xnibltlOn. j^,.,^ Relics will take place in the Assembly Rooirs of the ]\Ietro- 

politan Opera House on Wednesday, April 17, at 8.30 P. M. The Loan Exhibition will be open to the 
public on Thursday. April 18, and remain open from 10 A. .M. to 6 P. M., and from 7 P. M. to 10 p. M., 
day and evening. Admission fee, 50 cents. 

The Exhibition will remain open until Weilnesday, May 8, at which time the closing ceremonies will 
be held. 

Officers of the .\rmy and Navy and jjcrsons occupying official positions are requested to appear in full 
uniform. 



40 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



1789. EVERYBOBY WILL ]gg9, 

TO CELEBRATE THE 

■^iCENTENNIALi^ 



OF THE 



INADGOMTIOI OF 01 FIRST PRESIDENT. 




TO MAKE 
IT 



EFFECTIVE, \ 



USK THK 



Illuminating Torches, ^ 




Colored Illuminating Torches, ^ ^ Colored Illuminating Fires, 
Lanterns, Flags, Streamers, Burgees, &c., &c. 

Flag- Poles, all Sizes ; Largest Stock in the City. 
OV7R rse^A^ IL.L^U7V^IN7^T^ING OURS 

For W^indows, Inside or Outside, La^vns, Boats, &c. No Danger of Fire nor 
Dropping of Grease. The Effect is like " Fairy Land ! " 

•»• FIREWORKS •»• 

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, AND ALL KINDS OF CELEBRATION GOODS, 
AT WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. 

XHE UNKXCELLBO FIRE^VORKS CO., 

9 and 1 1 Park Place, New York City. 

AS PTROTECHNISTS TO THE CENTENNIAL INAUGURATION OF WASHINGTON, WE HAVE BEEN AWARDED THE LARGEST CONTRACT 

THAT HAS BEEN GIVEN SINCE 1789, 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



41 



PropuQiDe of PyroteclmiG Display. 

THE display of fireworks, on the evening of April 30, will be, most probably, the grandest ever given in this 
country. Exhibitions will be made at the following places, and as each display will be but slightly dif- 
ferent from the rest, the set pieces being similar, we need only give the list of pieces at the principal display. 

The Committee have been fortunate in securing the services of the Unexcelled Fireworks Company, whose 
reputation, as one of the largest firms of its kind in the world, will insure the most magnificent and successful 
pyrotechnic exhibition ever held in the city. 

BATTERY PARK, at the southern extremity of the city, terminus of all elevated railroads 



1. Opening Salute of Aerial Maroons. 

2. Grand Ruby Illumination. 

3. Grand Emerald Illumination. 

4. Grand Prismatic Illumination. 

5 Display of Kaleidescopic Batteries. 

6. Display of Combination Cross-fire Batteries. 

7. Weeping Willow Rockets. 

8. Twin Asteroids. 

9. Rockets, with Prize Cometic and Changing Stars. 

10. Rockets, with Shooting Stars and Parachutes. 

11. Harlequinade and Cornucopia Rockets. 

12. Rockets of Rockets. 

13. Rockets, with Jeweled Streamers and Golden Rain. 

14. Display of E.xhibition Rockets — new and pleasing 

effects. 

15. Grand Display of Large Special Rockets — all de- 

signs and colors. 

16. Flight of Unexcelled Fiery Whirlwinds. 

17. Grand Flight of Aerial Bombs, or Rocket Salutes. 

18. Unexcelled Great Aerial Bouquet of 500 Colored 

Rockets — exploding simultaneously. 
ig. Grand Flight of Floral Shells, filling the air with 
Colored Stars. 

20. Display of Unexcelled Large Floral Bombshells. 

21. Volcanic Eruption, or Unexcelled Chambered 

Mines. 



22. Flight of Fiery Serpents, hissing and squirming in 

the air. 

23. Grand Flight of Largest Floral Shells, studding the 

Heavens with Gold and Colored Jewels 

24. Unexcelled Bombshells — Parachutes, Trailed Stars, 

Serpents, Gold and Silver Rain, Duration Stars, 
Colored Jewels, etc., etc. 

25. Japanese Shell Display (large)— Golden Serpents, 

Dragons, Tinted Cloud, Japanese Spiders, 
Thunder Cloud and Moon, etc , etc. 

26. Unexcelled Bombshell Display — Mammoth Spread- 

ers, Stars and Gold Rain, Dragons, Comets, Red 
and Blue Meteors, Showers of Pearls, Changing 
Planetary Stars, etc., etc. 

27. Japanese Shells (largest size)— Aladdin's Lamp, 

Hanging Links and Falling Dew, Chrysan- 
themums and Stars (all colors). Shooting Comets, 
Brilliant Sunburst, etc., etc. 

28. Unexcelled Mammoth Shells — Aerial Acre of Varie- 

gated Gems, containing all effects known to the 
art and spreading over an immense area. 

29. Unexcelled Fireworks Balloons (largest size), bear- 

ing aloft Trails of Fireworks, and discharging in 
their flight many beautiful effects. 

30. Aerial Menagerie— Pigs, Fish, Lions, Elephants, 

Dogs, Cats, Birds, Comic Figures, etc. 



SET 

THE YEW TREE." 

TREE OF LIBERTY." 

PERUVIAN CROSS." 

CENTENNIAL POLKA." 

AMERICAN CROSS." 
■ SPARKLING CASCADE." 

'CENTENNIAL WHEEL"— 100 wheels within a 
wheel. 



PIECES. 

"DAZZLING DIAMOND." 

'■ BEAUTIFUL FIRE PICTURE OF THE FALLS 

OF NIAGAR,\ ■' 
" STATUE OF GEORGE WASHINGTON " taking 

the oath of office as first President of the United 

States, surrounded by brilliant Sun Fires and 

Colored Stars of the Union. 
Finale— "FEU DE JOIE." 



OTHER DISPLAYS WILL BE GIVEN >3^T: 

UNION SQUARE, between Broadway and Fourth avenue and 14th and 17th streets. 
WASHINGTON SQUARE, between West 4th street and Waverly Place and Macdouj 
University Place. 

TOMPKINS SQUARE, between Avenues A and B and 71I1 and lotli streets, 
3IOUNT MORRIS SQUARE, Fifth avenue, 120th to 124th streets. 
CENTRAL PARK PLiAZA, sgth street and Eighth avenue. 
CANAL STREET SQUARE, junction of Canal and West streets. 
WASHINGTON HEIGHTS, i7Sth street, near Hudson River. 
EAST RIVER PARK, foot of East 86th street. 
TWENTY-THIRD Tl^ARD, Boston Road and Third avenue. 
TWENTY-FOURTH WARD, Webster avenue and Burnside RoacL 



al street and 



42 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 






<^^ 







^V 



\^^ 



%> 






<^ 



cT 






A' 




THE 



OHSOMERS COAL CO, 



WHOLESALE AND RETAIL, 



Head Office, 



640 Sixth Avenue, 



NEW YORK. 



TRUSTEES : 

Maj.-Gen. Daniel E. Sickles, 
S. N. Hyde, 

Paul Coster. 

Henry Dexter. 

C. STEWART SCHENCK, President. 



JilCLirJEJtlJES ST TBI: TOX OR CARGO. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 43 



f\ QpT)\j((r)\eY)t ar)d Jrustuyortt^y Quid<^ 



to 



J\f<?u/ VorK <?ity. 



THE plan of this work necessarily involves the mention of many business 
names, but its whole value obviously depends upon the entirely disinterested 
character of that mention. The publishers therefore wish it to be distinctly 
understood that no consideration of any kind has governed the descriptions 
or notices of places of business or pleasure in this work, except the single purpose of 
giving the reader trustworthy information. Advertisements appear in their proper 
places as advertisements, but nothing in the body of the work has been influenced by 
these advertisements, nor is a mention in any instance an advertisement in disguise. 

r^CVS/' X OPK. What Boswell said of London is scarcely less true of New 
York. Its aspects are manifold, and, while each man finds in it the Mecca of his pur- 
suits, it comprehends not one class alone, but the whole of human life in all its variety. 
The city of New York now includes Manhattan Island, Blackwell's, Ward's and Ran- 
dall's Islands in the East river ; Governor's, Bedloe's and Ellis' Islands in the bay, 
occupied by the United States Government ; and a portion of the mainland north of 
Manhattan Island, separated from it by Harlem river and Spuyten Duyvil creek. It 
is bounded north by the city of Yonkers, east by the Bronx and the East rivers, south 
by the bay, and west by the Hudson river. Its extreme length north from the Battery 
is sixteen miles ; its greatest width from the mouth of the Bronx west to the Hudson, 
is four and one-half miles. Its area is forty-one and a half square miles, or twenty- 
seven thousand acres. Manhattan Island, upon which the city is mainly built, is about 
thirteen and a half miles in length on one side, and eight on the other, is one mile and 
three-fifths broad on an average, and is bounded at its northern extremity by the Har- 
lem river, which, with Spuyten Duyvil creek, connects the Hudson river and East 
river. It is surrounded by Avater, navigable for the most part by the largest vessels, 
and its harbor is one of the safest, largest, and most beautiful in the world. It is the 
chief city of America in wealth and population, and is second only to London as a finan- 
cial and commercial centre of the world. Its population is about 1,500,000, one-third of 
whom are of foreign birth — mainly Irish and German. It is the main seaport of the United 
States. Upwards of 30,000 vessels annually arrive and depart from it. It is the great 
gateway for immigrants coming to this country. In one year 476,086 were landed at 
Castle Garden. It is the foremost manufacturing city of the United States, Philadelphia 
being the only city which approaches it in this field. According to the census of 1880, 
the value of articles manufactured in the city during the year was $472,926,437. There 
are 11,000 factories, one-fourth of which are devoted to clothing, cigars, furniture and 
printing. Nine hundred and fifty clothing establishments produce $78,000,000 worth 



44 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



of goods yearly; 540 printing and publishing houses turn out $24,000,000 worth a year; 
761 factories produce $18,000,000 worth of cigars; and 300 shops make $10,000,000 
worth of furniture. It is the Mecca toward which Americans journey, and the city 
where millionaires, no matter where they may have acciuired their wealth, come to live 
and to spend their money. No other American city furnishes such manifold and 
unbounded opportunities for disposing of superfluous wealth. Fifth and Madison 
avenues are lined with palaces, peopled by men grown rich in other places. No city 
of the world has such magnificent dwellings, such prodigious commercial and public 
buildings, such interesting shops and stores. It is the city which every American longs 
at some time to see, and this Souvenir and Guide Book is prepared for the especial 
service of visitors to our city during the Centennial Celebration of Washington's 
Inauguration. Aside from the so-called objects of interest, such as museums, parks, 
theatres, etc., the visitor will find in the public streets, and the people who throng 
them, an endless source of amusement and interest. New York is eminently a cosmo- 
politan city. Its population is made up of the people of every clime. In different 
parts of the city there are colonies made up almost exclusively of foreigners. 

" GtBPTTia.ny. — East of Second avenue, and extending from Houston up to 
Fourteenth street, is a region called " Germany." Here one can study the Teutonic 
character, without the danger of an ocean voyage. Signs are in German; the German 
language is spoken; lager beer is the prevailing fluid; and, with the aid of a lively 
imagination, the visitor may fancy himself in the " Vaterland." 

" ItSlly " is the name given to another part of the city, centering about the Five 
Points. Here children of sunny Italy may be found disporting themselves in great 
numbers, many of them still wearing their picturesque native costumes, and speaking 
no language but their own. They are peaceable, industrious and sober citizens. 
Cleanliness, however, is not their specialty. The entire Italian population do not, as 
is commonly supposed, devote themselves to the manipulation of the hand organ or 
the sale of the cheap (yet nutritious) peanut. Many of them are waiters, ragpickers 
and street laborers; and among the higher class there are music teachers, literary men, 
professors of languages, etc. 

" CXriina,. — The traveler desirous of viewing the almond-eyed Celestial in his 
full glory, should visit Mott street on a Sunday night. Here " John " may be seen, arrayed 
in all the splendor of Chinese apparel, his shirt-tails picturesquely worn outside, and 
his pigtail floating in the breeze, indulging in the relaxation to which his six days and 
nights of uninterrupted labor at the great Chinese national industry, laundrying, has so 
richly entitled him. Here he smokes his opium, plays his mysterious games of chance, 
worships in his peculiar way, and minds his own business with a steadfastness of pur- 
pose which is worthy of emulation by people claiming to be more advanced in civiliza- 
tion than he. In this outlandish quarter you may buy, at the Chinese groceries, the 
luscious Langi nuts, and the leathery abalene, which looks and tastes like ancient boot- 
heels. Here the Chinese Freemasons hold their mystic lodges ; and quaint New Year's 
festivities enliven the scene ; and devout Celestials worship their strange gods in the 
yV;^^-house at 16 Mott street. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 45 

/-\ir*ica.. Thompson street, just north of Canal street, is sometimes called 

by this name, by reason of its being almost exclusively occupied by the dusky Ethiopian. 
The negroes are industrious and peaceable citizens, good natured and happy under all 
circumstances. It is a popular superstition that the negro, on the slightest pretext, 
"pulls a razor," and proceeds to carve every one in his vicinity, revelling meanwhile 
in gore. The writer, however, has several times penetrated the jungles of Thompson 
street and has thus far escaped either mutilation or sudden death. 

OMdiBZSi is near the east end of Canal street, around Ludlow street and East 
Broadway, where this wondrously preserved Semitic people are found in great numbers. 
There are nearly 100,000 Hebrews in New York, with about thirty synagogues, and 
twice as many smaller shrines and a score of societies of charity. They form one-tenth 
of the city's population, but less than one-hundredth of its criminals come from their 
number. There are forty-two Hebrew millionaires in New York; their estates ranging 
from Max Weil's $8,000,000, downward through the Seligmans and Wormsers and 
Bernheimers, to the score of one-million-dollar men. 

jPoptlla-tion. — The census (1880) gives New York 1,206,299 inhabitants, of 
whom 727,629 were American bcrn and 478,670 of foreign birth. Of these, 198,595 
were from Ireland, 29,767 from England, 8683 from Scotland, and 929 from Wales. 
Germany contributed 153,482; Italy, 12,233; France, 9910; Russia, 4551; Spain, 669. 
There were 17,937 New Jersey born New Yorkers; 11,055 from Pennsylvania; 10,589 
from Massachusetts. 

JoXlllciingS. There are over 100,000 buildings in the city, 70,000 of 
which are below Fifty-ninth street; 25,000 of them are used for business purposes, 
and 77,000 for dwellings. One hundred and forty of the buildings are fireproof. 
There are 306 piers and 144 bridges. 

iylStPlCtS. The city of New York is divided into Congressional, Senatorial 
and Assembly districts, for purposes of representation ; and, for the convenience of 
voting, the latter are sub-divided into election districts. There are 24 Assembly dis- 
tricts, 7 State Senatorial districts and 9 Congressional districts. There are 812 polling 
places and registries. 

F IPC Il)CpSLPtrnerit consists of 85 steam fire engines, 2 marine engines, 
3 water towers, 32 hook and ladder trucks, a life-saving corps, 1080 miles of fire alarm 
telegraph, 980 alarm boxes, 337 horses, 186,586 feet of hose and 1000 men. It costs 
$1,900,000 a year. There are 74 companies, making 12 battalions, each under a chief 
of battalion. 

JHOilCC Xl)Cpa.Ptment has 35 precincts and station-houses, 75 patrol 
wagons, 6 courts and 3200 men (each receiving a salary of from $800 to $1200 a year). 
The central police office is at 300 Mulberry street, where the Rogues' Gallery is kept. 

jOistanceS. — Battery to City Hall, ^ mile; to Canal street, i^ mile; to 
Fourth street, 2 miles. Above Third street the blocks between the streets bearing 
numbers are twenty to a mile, and the blocks between the avenues are seven to a mile. 



46 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 




jy0^Ssi 



^323ii^;iSg:2il3 'KL 



Junction of 

BROADWA V, FIFTH A VENUE AXV 24ih STREET, 

MADISON SQUARE, 



JANVRIN & WALTER, 

PROPRIETORS. 



JV£J[' YORK. 



gVERETT«!»130USE^ 



SQUARE AND 17th ST., NEW YORK CITY, 



A7t attractive and extremely healthful location. 
The excellence of ' ' citisine " has long been a marked 
feature of the ' ''Everett. " The present proprietors 
having taken an extended 
lease of this hotel, will 
endeavor, by liberal ex- 
penditure to increase its 
reputatio7z for excellence, 
and while retaining what- 
ever was best in its past, 
^ will add such new fea- 
tures as shall ensure the 
yin-eater comfort and pleas- 

* ^ y:' ■ -'//Vw / f-.-^'-^' ic'^ of its guests. 

^mwn'i^ y^^^ ^ special attention is call- 

fed to the ^^ Everett" as a 
place of residence during 
the sumtner months. As 
a cool, quiet and perfectly comfortable home dur- 
ing the extreme heat, it has no superior in the city. 

JOHN G. WEAVER, Jr., & CO., Prop's. 

THE OCEAN HOUSE, 

JOHN G. WEAVER & SON, Proprietors. 




Y 



m 
lii 



^^^ 



99 AND 101 

FOURTHAVE., NEW YORK. 



MANUFACTURER OF- 



Army, N/yy, Militi/, 

YACHTING AND BAND 
UNIKORMS 

AND 

COMPLETE FURNISHINGS. 



SEND FOR CATAUOGUES. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 47 



Prdminent » Hdtelh. 



IN tlie number and excellence of its hotels, New York is second to no city in the world. They are 
of every possible grade of merit, size, style and price, and are scattered through every part of the 
city; Broadway and Fifth avenue are, however, the centre of the hotel trade. They may be gener- 
ally divided into three great classes: First, those conducted on the European plan; second, those 
conducted on the American plan, and third, those in which these two methods are combined. 

The American plan is to set a certain number of meals in the dining-rooms daily, the charge per day 
giving the guest a right to partake of as many of them as he chooses. The European plan, so-called, is the 
term applied to hotels, where rooms are rented, with gas, service, etc., and you are at liberty to order your 
meals a la carte, either in the restaurant attached to the hotel, or at any other place you may choose. In 
regard to these different plans, each has its advantage^'. If one is to be in the city for a short time only, 
and spends much of that time away from his hotel, engaged in sight-seeing and visiting, it may be more 
advantageous to engage a room at an hotel on the European plan, and thus save time and money by being 
at liberty to take his meals wherever he may happen to be. The prices of rooms have a wide range, de- 
pending entirely upon the size and location. P>om $1 to f 3 per day is a fair estimate at a good house. 
For suites, comprising sitting-room, bed-room and bath, from $20 to $50 per week is a fair average price. 

At hotels on the American plan, breakfast, lunch, dinner (both at mid-day and at night), tea at night 
for those who dine at mid-day, and supper until midnight are the meals set by the most expensive. At all 
of them at least three meals a day are served. The prices range from $3 to $5 per day; but these prices 
merely represent a basis upon which higher prices are computed for rooms of extra size, number and location. 

A few hints in regard to matters common to all hotels may be of service to the visitor in our city at 
the present time. When a stay of several weeks or months at an hotel is contemplated, a considerable re- 
duction from the regular rates can always be obtained. The understanding to that effect should be had, 
however, immediately upon your arrival. Attendance, ice-water, gas and towels are always included in 
the price of the room or the rate per day; but baths and meals served in rooms are usually charged as extras. 

Telegraph offices, railway and theatre-ticket offices, barber-shops, news-dealers and boot-blacks are to 
be found in or near the office of all first-class hotels. 

No signs are displayed on the front of the hotels of the better class, except in an inconspicuous place 
over the main entrance. 

The following list comprises all of the principal hotels in the city, with their location and plan; 
and visitors will find it to their advantage to stop at one of these hotels during their sojourn in our 
city, as they can be sure of receiving every comfort and attention possible, without being disagreeably 
crowded, as will be the case in almost all of the smaller and less prominent hotels. 

Pibefnarle |10Cel, Broadway, Fifth avenue and Twenty-fourth street. E. P. $2.00 per day and 
upwards. See illustration on opposite page. Janvrin & Walter, Proprietors. 

HSplar^d pOiJ56, 215 I^ourth avenue, corner Twenty-fourth street. Am. and European Plan. 
H. II. Brockway. Proprietor. 

PStOr pOiJ$^, Broadway, Barclay and Vesey streets. E. P. $l.OO per day and upwards. 
F. T. Allen. Proprietor. 

Barrett j^OiJSe, Broadway and Forty-third streets. E. P. $1.50 per day and upwards. 
Barrett Bros, Proprietors, 

B^IU<^dere |iOiJS<^, Fourth avenue and Eighteenth street. E. P. Joseph Wehrle, Proprietor. 
BreUOOrt t^OiJS<^, n Fifth avenue. E. P. B. Lip.ijey, Proprietor. 



48 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 

BLl<^\{\[)(^\)3(r\, I^Q, Fifth avenue and Fiftieth street E. P. Wetherbee & Fuller, I'roprietors. 

QafBbrid^e, Jl^e, iMfih avenue and Thirty-second street. E. P. Lorenz Reich, Proprietor. 

Qlari^^dO^ f^Otel, l-Ourth avenue and Eighteenth street. Am. and E. P. C. FI. Kerner, Pro- 
prietor. 

<$0l(^ma9 )HOiJ$e, nroadw.ay, Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth streets. E. P. $i.oo per day 
and upwards. James H. Rodgers, Proprietor. 

\p\0riV}2QQ JHotel, p,roadway and Lafayette place. F:. P. |i.oo per day and upwards. 
J. M. OriER, Manager. 

([^09^1969^31 j^Otel, Broadway and Twentieth street. E. P. fi.oo per day and upwards. 
E. F. MKkKiFiELi), Proprietor. 

EU6r6CC pOiJ52, Fourth avenue and Seventeenth street. Union Square. E. P. See advertisement 
on page 46. J. G. Weaver, Jr., & Co., Proprietors. 

pij^tt^ Pue9^<^ f^Oti^l, liroadway. Fifth avenue. Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth streets. Am. P. 
Hitchcock, Darling ^V Co., Proprietors. 

(4(^09^7 jlOUSB, Broadway and Fortieth street. European Plan. $1.00 per day and upwards. 
P.KIKHI l\; De Klyn, Proprietors. 

(4115'^y yOiJS<^, Broadway and Twenty-ninth street. E. P. $2.00 per day and upwards. 
J. IF Breslin & Bro., Proprietors. 

(jra9d f^Otel, Broadway and Thirty-lirst street. E. P. !|i.50 per day and upwards. Henry 
MiLi-ORD Smith & Son, Proprietors. 

Qr3T)d Qe9tral |iOt(^I, 667 to 677 Broadway. Am. Plan I2.50 to $3.50 per day and E. P. $1.00 
per day and upwards. Fayman .X: Spragl'e, Proprietors. 

V4ra9^ U9IO9 P^^^M P'orty-second street and Fourth avenue, directly opposite the Grand Central 
Depot. P^. P. $1.00 per day and upwards. W. D. Garrison, Manager. 

|H0jj/T\a9 l)OiiSQ, Broadway and Twenty-fifth street, Madison Square. E. P. $2.00 per day and 
upwards. C. H. Read & Co., Proprietors. 

pOCSl DarCpOlal, Broadway and Twenty-third street, opposite Madison Square. E. P. See ad- 
vertisement on page 72. Bartholdi Hotel Co , Proprietors. R. Stafford, President. 

jHOtel BrU9Sll/IGl(, Fifth avenue, Twenty-si.xth and Twenty-seventh streets. Am. and E. P. 
MncHF.i.L, KiNZLER & SouTiiGATE, Proprietors. 

J1OC6I QlG993n\> Fifth avenue between Twenty-first and Twenty-second streets. E. P. 
N. B. Bakry, Proprietor. 

)40t^l jNlOr/Ha9dl(^, Broadway and Thirty-eightii street. E. P. $2.00 per day and upwards. 
Ferdinand P. Earle, Proprietor. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 49 



jiOCei ]^C. /I\are, Fifth avenue, Thirty-eighth and Thirty-nhUh streets. Am. plan, I4.00 to $5.00 
per day. Also E. plan, $1.50 j^er day and upwards. See advertisement on page 38. 
J. Alonzo Nutter, Proprietor. 

jHOtel Sl7elbar9, Fifth avenue and Thirty-sixth street. E. P. Plinn Pros., Proprietors. 

jlOCel \JQrj60f(\Q, Proadway and Forty-tirst street. Am. P. Isaac Steinfeld, Manager. 

jiOl(^l luSllip^COIJ, Madison avenue and Forty-second .street. Am. P. Oscar \'. Pitman, 
Proprietor. 

(ai^^pam, ope, Fifth avenue and Fifty-second street. Am. P. See illustration on page 38. 
II. C. Shannon, INIanager. 

/r\etrOpOllCa9 PO^*^'' Broadway and Prince .street. Am. P. $3.00 per day. J- M. Otter, 
Manager. 

/l\iJrray plU pOtel, Park avenue, between Fortieth and Forty-first streets, near CJrand Central 
Depot. Am. and E. P. Hunting & Hammond, Proprietors. 

fiQUJ YOrl^ pOCel, ^21 Proadway. Am. and E. P. Henry Cranston, Proprietor. 

Parl^ f{\jeY)ae JHOtel, Park avenue and Thirty-tliird street. Am. P. I3.50 per day. 
J. M. Otter, Manager. 

l-^OSS/T^Ore pOiel, Broadway, Forty-first and Forty-second streets. E. P. Also Am. P., f 3.00 to 
$3.50 per day. CIeorge T. Putney & Co., Proprietors. 

^C. U^lylS jlOt^l, Broadway and Eleventh street. pAiropean Plan. $1.00 jier day and upwards. 
William Taylor, IVoprietor. 

^C. janie5 pOC^I, Broadway and Twenty-sixth street. E. P. William M. Connor, Proprietor. 

operU/OOd, 696, Fifth avenue and Forty-fourth street. Am. P. Murray ^; Nulter, Proprietors. 

^Iyv,ldir l^OLl^Q, Broadway, corner Eighth street. pAirojiean Plan. $1.00 per day and ujjwards. 
A. L. Ashman & Sox, Proprietors. 

otiJrC^iyaQC pOiJS^, Broadway, between Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth streets. Am. and E. P. 
Matthews ^; Pierson, Proprietors. 

UT)\0T) SCjUari? JHOtel a9d jdOtel Da/n, Fifteenth street and Union Square. E. P. 
Dam & De Revere, Proprietors. 

t/lGCOna p0l6l, Fifth avenue, Broadway and Twenty-seventh street. Am. and ¥.. P. 

See advertisement on page 32. H. L. Hoyt i\; Co., Proprietors. 

U/^5^'^'9^^^'' pOtel, Irving place and Sixteenth street. .\m. P. W. G. .SCHENCK, Proprietor. 

*^'9 5'^'^ Y ' Fifth avenue, Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh streets, near the Grand Central Depot. 

Am. P. Hawk & Wetherbee, Proprietors. 



50 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



iJ 



ESTABLISHED 1831. 

OHp ^TEpHEN^OW GOMpAMY, 



LIMITED, 



47 East 27th St., 

NEiA£ ■» YORK, 



Jra/T)-(^ar+Builders. 




Street, Cable, Electric, Nlotor 

CMRS 

OF EVERY VARIETY, WITH LATEST IMPROVEMENTS, 
ADAPTED TO ALL SYSTEMS. 

LIGHT, ELEGANT, aURABLE. 

SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS, OF BEST QUALITY, AT MINIMUM PRICES. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 51 



mkh MODES OF gONVEYlNgE, 



PTrPVAmPn K>ATT,K>nAnc: '■^"'^^'' §^"'"S about easy and rapid in New York city, which, being 
OLil:. V AU'tiU i^AiLti^UAUlD iQj^g ^,^j narrow, makes distances great. There are four of these 
roads, viz : The Second, Third, Sixth and Ninth Avenue " L" lines. All of them extend the length of 
the city, and start from South Ferry, which is at the extreme lower end. 

One branch of the Third avenue line runs to and from the City Hall and Brooklyn Bridge to Chat- 
ham square, where it joins the main line. Another branch runs through 42d street to the Grand Central 
Depot. Another branch on the Third and Second avenue lines, runs from the 34th street station to the 
34th street Ferry. All the lines have stations at 42d street, within easy distance of the Grand Central 
Depot. The speed of the trains is about fifteen miles an hour. 

FARE. — The fare on all the elevated roads is Jive cents, with no extra charges for transfers to the 
branch lines. 

STREET RAILWAYS. 

There are over forty lines of horse cars in the city, nearly all of which are equipped with elegant and 
easy riding cars manufactured by the celebrated car building firm, the John Stephenson Co., whose cars 
are now used on many of the largest street railways in different parts of the world. Space Dermits us to 
mention only a few of the principal ones. 

BROAD WA Y LINE, from the Battery, up Broadway to 45th street, and thence up Seventh avenue 
to Central Park (sgth street). 

MADISON A VENUE LIN'E, from Post-ofiice to Fourth avenue, up Fourth avenue to Madison 
avenue, to 138th street. 

THIRD A VENUE LINE, from Post-ofiice to Third avenue, and up Third avenue to Harlem. 

SIXTH A VENUE LINE, from Broadway and Vesey street to Sixth avenue, and up Sixth avenue 
to Central Paric (59th street). 

BELT LIiVE. from Battery along the East river front to 59th street, across 59th street, and down 
to Battery again on North river front (west side). This line passes all ferries, steamboat and steamship 
docks. 

CROSS-TO IVN LIN'ES cxosii the city from river to river at Canal street, Grand street, Houston 
street, 14th street. 23d street, 42d street, 59th street and 125th street. 

BOULEVARD LINE, from 34th street Ferry, E. R., to First avenue, to42d street, passes through 
42d street to the Western boulevard, to Riverside Park and General Grant's tomb. 

FARE. — The fare on all the lines is five cents. 
Omnr'pcr There is now but one line of stages (or omnibuses) in the city. The route is from the 
corner of South Fifth avenue and Bleecker street up Fifth avenue to 72d street. These 
stages, or coaches, are a great improvement over the "buses" used for so many years in New York. 
They are handsome in appearance, are drawn by large, well-kept horses, and the drivers are neatly 
uniformed. There are seats for twelve persons inside and six on top. A ride the full length of this line, 
known as the " Fifth avenue coaches," is strongly recommended, as it leads through a most superb part of 
the city. Ladies frequently ride on top, and there is no impropriety in so doing. 

FARE. — The fare is five cents. 
^ABS AND Carriages. before hiring a cab or carriage, be sure to make an exact agree- 

^ ' ment with the driver as to the charge. Fares are high, but 

the driver will often try to get more than is legally due him ; and a wrangle is apt to ensue unless a bar- 
gain is made beforehand. 

I5ANS0MS, OR Open LiANDAU ^ABS l^^ve become very popular. It is easy to get 
' ' ^ m and out, and the passenger has an unm- 

terrupted view. A pleasant way of seeing the city is to hire one of these vehicles by the hour, and be 
driven through the principal streets. By applying at any of the hotel offices, cabs or carriages with trust- 
worthy drivers may be obtained at the regular rates, and no trouble will be had. 



5 2 Washington Inaugural Centennial 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS, ETC. 



'ITII few exceptions, the public buildings of the city are not imposing or elegant. Most of them, 
built many years ago, suffer by contrast with the magnificent commercial edifices which have more 
recently been erected. The most important of our public buildings are named below : 



w 



cr /• /^-C-R' ^''^ Wall street, just east of Nassau, is the oldest building on the street, having been 

/iSSciy VjrilCS ^^^-^^^ ^^j. ^j^^ united States Branch Bank, in 1823. Here gold and silver are 
brought in the crude state, and assayed, refined, and cast into Ijars, to be made into coin elsewhere. 
As high as |ioo,ooo,oco in bullion is sometimes assayed here in a year. Here may be seen $50,000,000 
or more, stacked up in shining gold bricks. Visitors are admitted between 10 A. M. and 2 P. M., and 
shown the various processes of assaying. 

^ 4,T r^ J '^ ^'^ the extreme southern end of the city, in the Battery Park. It is open to visit- 

V^cIljLIC' ^CliUvili QJ.JJ ^j. jiA. M. As it is the gateway of America to hundreds of thousands of immi- 
grants, it has a deep interest for all citizens. Of the 10,000,000 foreigners who have landed in our country 
in the past century, the majority have passed through this portal. Entering the enclosure, we see the fine 
old brown-stone ramparts of Castle Clinton, with its walled-up embrasures. The National Government 
built this fortress in 1807, and gave it to the city in 1823 ; and here were held the great popular recep- 
tions to Andrew Jackson (1832), President Tyler (1843), and Lafayette (1824). In later days it became 
a fashionable opera house, where the grand voices of Sontag, Mario, Parodi and Jenny Lind were heard. 
In 1855 the immigrant depot was established here, for the reception of incomers from Europe, who find 
I'.ere their friends or letters, reliable boarding-house- keepers, railroad tickets for the West, physicians for 
the sick, cheap, plain food, protection and shelter. It is a most interesting sight when a steamship load 
of Italian or German immigrants are debarked here, with their strange baggage and appurtenances. 

ry'i^ f tJkTT ^'^ the City Hall Park, was erected in 1803, in what was then the outskirts of the city. 
VviLj( jlClXi; It is of white marble, built in the Italian style; the back being of brown stone, as the 
authorities, eighty years ago, fancied that the town would never grow beyond it. The governor's room 
contains the desk on which Washington wrote his first message to Congress, the chair in which he was 
inaugurated, many historical portraits, and other objects of interest. A movement is now under way to 
build a new City Hall. 

ri M r Cy 4iTJ ^'''°'^ Chambers street, near Broadway. It is a white marble building, 

WUU.iiljt ^ULLJ. L JXVJU.iSC' jj^ (.|^g Corinthian style, chiefly interesting as being the most costly build- 
ing of its size ever erected. It was built in 1869-70, during the reign of William M. Tweed, the leader of 
the New York " ring," when the city debt increased nearly $50,003,000. Most of this amount was 
alleged to have been expended on this building. But the lion's share of it came back in the form of 
" rebates " and " commissions " to the guileless William and his associates. He afterwards died at 
Blackwell's Island. The Court House stands in the City Hall Park. 

ry i. tT on W'all street, at the corner of William street, is a large and sombre pile of 

^ ^ L J IVJUO&j (^uincy granite. The portico is supported by eighteen granite columns tliirty-eight 

feet high and four and a half feet in diameter, cut in one piece. The rotunda is a beautiful and lofty 
round hall, surrounded by pilasters of variegated marble. The Custom House cost $1,800,000. 

tJ'/vVi 75 'Ar*n l^y which the Croton .\queduct is carried across the Harlem River, at 175th street, 
jAigii JOiiUgC; ji^ cast-iron pipes 7^ x 8^ feet in size, is a very picturesque and noble stone struc- 
ture of thirteen arches, over 100 feet above the river, and 1400 feet long. There is a footpath over the 
bridge, and a lofty stand-pipe at one end. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 53 



Jefferson-Marl^et Court and Prison 1:JT::Z!I ^I'Z::t.:ij::: ZZl 

stone, in Lombardo-Gothic architecture. At one corner is a fine round tower, of graceful and effective 
proportions. 

T nrfloTflr C;4iT7Cf(7^ TttT ^^^^ Essex Market and Grand street, is a massive big structure for 
LiUCLiOyi/ puree U Jali, j}ei-,toi.s. United States prisoners, and derelict militiamen. Among 
its guests have been Tweed, Connolly, Fish, Ward, and other notorious politicians and financiers of New 
York. 

T^r *,-.-/• "VhTTr^ Wallabout Bay, Brooklyn. (Cross Fulton Ferry, and take horse-cars.) The 
JVa jf J ■ principal naval station of the country. The yard contains an enormous stone dry- 

dock (built at a cost of $2,000,000), a museum, a library, and a number of venerable vessels-of-war of an 
obsolete and now wholly useless type. The great Marine Barracks and Marine Hospital are worthy of 
notice ; and also the parks of artillery, including many trophy-guns, captured in battle, from Mexican and 
other foes. In the British prison-ships moored in \Yallabout Bay, 11,500 American's died during the 
Revolutionary war. They are buried near by. 

r)-.„i, /<>f.C4/-r/y ^^ ''^^ junction of Broadway and Park Row, is an immense triangular building of Dix- 
' Island (Maine) granite, which cost nearly $7,000,000, and was finished in 1S75. Over 
600,000,000 letters, newspapers, etc., are handled here annually. The office yields a profit, annually, of 
nearly $3,000,000, and is the largest in the United States. 

"Oai^irfhriyi^r-i ^•R-R'T /^/T J"^*" ^^^^ '^^ ^^^ ^'''^ Hall, was the British provost prison during the Revolu- 
V & Viii^Cj jJQj-iai-y war, where many patriots were confined. 



ments, and a militia brigade 



is a gray stone building with turrets, at Seventh avenue and Thirty-fifth 
street, the headquarters of the State Ordnance and Quartermaster's Depart- 



(^ T /t' _,. _/■ ^^ the corner of Wall and Nassau streets, a noble Doric Iniilding of white granite, 

fU u Ji 1 c>a.i2 U.1 j( ; covers the spot where Washington was inaugurated President. Here the City 
Hall was built in 1700, with the cage, whipping-post, pillory and stocks in front. The first United 
States Congress under the Constitution met here, when it was named Federal Hall ; and for some years it 
was the State Capitol. The present building was erected and long used for the Custom House. On its 
roof four pieces of light artillery are kept, and riflemen guard the premises at night. It contains vaults 
for the storage of gold and silver coin, notes, etc. On the granite steps in front stands a colossal bronze 
statue of Washington, by J. <). A. Ward. The pedestal contains the stone on which Washington stood 
when he took the oath of office. There is an impressive classic portico facing Broad street. 

fri 7 the popular name given to the city prison, occupies the block bounded by Centre, Elm, 
^ ' Leonard and Franklin streets, and is a large and gloomy granite building in the pure 

Egyptian style. The hanging of criminals takes place here. Visitors are admitted on a[iplication at the 
office of the Commissioners of Charity and Corrections, corner of Third avenue and Eleventh street. 
Sometimes more than 500 prisoners are incarcerated within these frowning walls — murderers, incendiaries, 
burglars, thieves, and all their horrid crew. The murderers'cells are of especial strength. The building 
dates from 1838. and holds prisoners awaiting trial, and convicts waiting to be executed, or sent to the 
State prison. The Special Sessions and Tombs Police Court are held here. On this site in ancient times 
rippled the blue waters of a pretty lake, around which the Indians built their wigwams. The Dutch 
found their mounds of shells here, and named the place Kalk-IIook, or Lime-shell Point, which 
degenerated into " The Collect." It was near the pond on this site, in the year 1626, that three of 
Minuit's farm hands murdered a Wecktiuaesgeek Indian, who was bringing his furs down to sell. His 
young nephew escaped, and afterwards led the Indians in disastrous and vengeful forays on the colony. 
Knox's American infantry marched in to the Fresh-water Pond, and sat here in the long grass, while the 
British army was embarking from New York, in 1783. Here, in 1796, occurred the first trial of a 
steamboat with a screw propeller, John Fitch's invention. 



54 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



\o\}T) f\. I^oebli9(^'s Sops ?o. 

IRON, STEEL >^" COPPER 






For Mines, Inclines, Elevators, &c, 
felvaiiized Rope for Kuys and Slip Rigging, 

BRIDGE CABLES. HAWSER ROPES. 



ROPES FOR STREET CABLE ROADS. 



VsLl RE 



PLAIN AND BARBED FENCE WIRE; TELEGRAPH V/IRE; SPRING 
WIRE AND ALL OTHER KINDS OF AVIRE. 



ELECTRIC LIGHT WIRE, MAGNET WIRE AND COVERED ELECTRIC WIRES 

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, 



A.VII?E CLOTH. WII^E NETTING. 

FIRE-PRDDF WIRE LATHING. 



JOHN ^. I^OEBLING'S 30NS CO.. 

NEW YORK OFFICE AND WAREHOUSE, 1 17 AND 1 19 LIBERTY ST. 
H. L, SHIF'F'Y, Secretary. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



55 



ihe Qpeat East i^ner Bridge.- 



This is one of the most magnificent and enduring 
structures the world has ever known ; it may in 
fact be said to be the very acme of perfection in bridge building, for even in its smallest detail, is observable 
— to the eye of the expert — the most striking evidence of the master-mind that conceived and created it, 
and this is but a scant eulogy to bestow upon Mr. John A. Roebling, the original designer, who died from 
injuries received in tie commencement of the work, or on Col. W. A. Roebling, its chief engineer and 
constructor ; who, during all the years devoted to its construction, and through all the trials and 
vicissitudes incident to the completion of so stupendous an undertaking, was indefatigable in the prosecu- 
tion of his labors, sparing himself neither work nor pain, but watching its gradual growth with that keen 
interest that a parent feels for its offspring. In fact, so wedded was he to his undertaking, and so constant 
and unremitting in his personal attendance to every detail, that his health finally became impaired therebv, 
and when, after thirteen years of labor and anxiety, this giant project became, by its completion, an 
established fact, Mr. Roebling gracefully retired from his labors with the remark " I am satisfied." 

Upon the resignation of Mr. Roebling, about ten days previous to the public opening of the bridge. 




Mr. C. C. Martin was appointed chief engineer and superintendent, wliich position he still retains, 
discharging his onerous duties with marked ability, having earned alike the commendation of the trustees 
and the gratitude of the traveling public. 

The construction of the bridge was commenced on January 3, 1870. The first wire was run across 
from tower to tower, on May 29, 1877, and the structure thrown open to public travel on May 25, 1883. 
Thus it will be seen that the time consumed in building this giant bridge was over thirteen years, and the 
total cost was fifteen millions of dollars. 

The total length of the bridge is 59S9 feet ; its width is eighty-five feet ; the length of the river span 
is 1595/4 feet, while the length of each land span is 930 feet, and the New York and Brooklyn 
" approaches " 1362^ feet and 971 feet respectively. The clear height of the bridge, in the centre of the 
river span above high water mark, is 135 feet, and total height of the towers above high water is 272 feet. 

The official report shows that during the year ending December, 1888, the number of passengt rs who 
passed over the bridge were 33,116,816. The bridge is equipped with an efficient police force, comprising 
one captain, one sergeant, three roundsmen and ninety policemen. 



56 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



(^OMMERCmL gUILi^INGS. 



^^ FEW years ago, if a man wished to become a hermit, lie would take an office on the fourth or fifth 
^1 story of a building. No one would ascend to such dizzy heights, save an occasional daring book 
f ' agent, who, when he got there, w-ould be too short of breath to explain his mission, or offer more 
than the feeblest opposition to his ejectment. The introduction of the passenger elevator has 
revolutionized this, and led to the construction of immensely lofty buildings for business purposes. Now 
the greater the altitude, the more desirable the accommodation. An ofHce upon the tenth or twelfth story 
of one of these buildings is light, cool, airy and quiet, and as easy of access as if nearer the ground. 




Equitable Building. 

JC/QlUinDlC JwUUOtn^, on Broadway, between Cedar and Pine streets, was finished in 1887, 
and is a marvelous structure of Quincy granite, solid and fireproof as a rock, and with four 
imposing facades, abounding in pillars and carvings. The high-arched Broadway entrance, 
twenty-two feet wide, leads to the finest court-yard in America, 100 by 44 feet in area, with a 
tessellated pavement, from which rise lines of rose-colored marble columns with onyx capitals, 
upholding an entablature of polished red granite, above which is a finely arched roof of stained 
glass and polished marble. The building fronts for 167 j-^ feet On Broadway and cost $5,000,000. 
The Ijuilding is open to visitors from 8 A. M. to 5 P. M. 

UlUitCO !lSnnk JSUilMnO, at Broadway and Wall street, the " Fort Sherman " of the 
financiers, contains the ofiices once occupied by (leneral Grant. Here I'erdinand Ward con- 
cocted his vast and historic swindles. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



57 



IKHnSbiUOtOU !l6UilMnCJ, on Broadway, Battery Place and Greenwich street, belongs to the 
great financier, Cyrus W. Field. It is twelve stories high, and the great observatory-tower reaches 
an altitude of 235 feet from the pavement. The top of the flagstaff is higher than Trinity spire 
or the Liberty statue. The view from the tower is the finest in the city — -one of the finest in 
the world. 




Home Office, Mutual Life Insurance Company 



fIDUtUnI XifC !f6Uilbin(J* one of the handsomest buildings, of those raised by our wealthy 
corporations, is that of the Mutual Life Insurance Company, on the block fronting on Nassau, 
Liberty and Cedar streets, formerly occupied by the old post office or Middle Dutch Church. 
The style is a modification of the Italian Renaissance. The stories are grouped so as to form 
three grand divisions, and the facade is divided into a recessed center, flanked by pavilions, on 
Cedar and Liberty streets. The first stories are built of solid M\ine granite, the upper of 
Indiana limestone. The portico, two stories high, is an impressive feature. The capitals of the 
polished granite columns and piers are beautifully carved in white marble, the capitals on the 
second story displaying finely executed heads of Europe, Asia, Africa and America, from original 
designs by celebrated sculptors. The work throughout is most substantial, and does not contain 
a particle of wood. The interior hall is of white marble and white marble wainscoting surrounds 
the large rooms. Visitors in the city should not fail to visit this handsome building. It is open 
for inspection from 9 A. M. to 5 v. M. 



58 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



ilDilllS !fi6Uil0in(}^ on Broad street, is a vast structure, forming three sides of a court-yard. It 
cost !|2, 700,000. 

St^^^a^^ ®il Company's BUilMUOt «» Broadway, is the largest marble structure 
in New York. Here is the ofifice of William Rockefeller. 

^rCyCl JOUllOinQ^ at Broad and Wall streets, is of white marble, in Renaissance architecture, 
and cost $700,000. 

tllDriCl) VL'OUrij on Broadway, opposite Exchange place, is another lofty palace of trade. It was 
finished in 1887, and contains 300 offices, lighted at night by 2600 Edison incandescent lights, 
and reached by four Otis elevators. It is built around a court-yard, 50 by 70 feet. 

flDnnbnttnn !©anh JSUilMn^, on Wall street, near Broad street, is of polished gray 
granite, and is one of the finest structures in the city. It was finished in 1885, and is occupied 
by banks, lawyers, etc. 

^-rinil^ JlJllllOiny^ adjoining Trinity church-yard, and extending through from Broadway to 
Church street. It is about 50 feet wide by 250 feet long, five stories in height, and is divided 
into suites of offices occupied by coal companies, real estate brokers, lawyers and others. The 
offices are of every size, and its occupants would suffice to populate a good sized town. On the 
basement floor is a large public auction salesroom, where real estate and coal are the principal 
things offered. The building belongs to the Trinity Church corporation. The windows in each 
room open either on a street or on the churchyard, so that there is an abundance of light and air ; 
otherwise it lacks the convenience of the structures erected more recently for the same uses. 

JdOICCI JvUllOlliy^ on Broadway, directly opposite the Equitable building, is an immense brick 
structure, filled with offices, largely of famous and powerful insurance companies. 

OTCStCrn ITlniOn ^ClCOrapb BUilMnO, at Dey street and Broadway, is of brick 

granite and marble, eight stories high, with a tall tower. 

Vl'CllipiC vL-OUri is a huge building 160 feet high, erected at a cost of $1,200,000, and belonging 
to Eugene Kelly. This is one of an amazing group of buildings at the corner of Nassau and 
Beekman streets. 

IPOlICl JwUllOinyj on the opposite corner, with fronts on Park row, Nassau and Beekman 
streets, is of iron and brick, 185 feet high, and cost $2,500,000. One of the features of this 
handsome structure is the substantial and enduring Granolithic sidewalks on Park row, Beekman 
and Nassau streets, laid by the Matt. Taylor Granolithic Paving Company. 

XII30li?C JvUllOlill), Nassau and Beekman streets, ten stories (165 feet) high, is of red and black 
brick, and Ijelongs to the son and nephew of Professor S. F. B. Morse. It is fireproof and 
massive. 

^iCwart jbUllOiny^ at Broadway and Chambers street, of white marble, occupies the site of 
the ancient negro burying ground, and afterward of Washington Hall. It was erected for A. T. 
Stewart, and used by him for many years for his wholesale dry-goods establishment. It is now 
one of the largest and most convenient office buildings in the city. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



59 




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3 

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2 



6o Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



1 5 STATE ST., NEV Y0RK. 




[iim, Aspnai 




' 



iiiGiai i^ione 



OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. 

IMPOIlTEf[S OF CRUDE k^ REFIt(ED TRINID/D /SPHALT. 



Telephone " 206 Pearl." 



\Ui/ 



ACCIDENT 

<5« /,N i^: 



p. O. Box 2542. 



The pErfEctian nf AccidEnt InsurancE 



HTTKINED BV THE 



^uarantij IVjutual i^ccideiit i^^^oci'n. 

GEO. H. FITZWILSON, Pres. HENRY LEEDS, Jr., Secretary. 

GEO SMALLWOOD, Treasurer. 

165 and 167 Broadway, New York. 
OVER 16,500 CERTIFICATES ISSUEI3. 



GUARANTY" FEATURES. 



A Clean Record. 

No Annual Dues. 

Assessment i at Regular Intervals. 

Certificates Non-Forfeitable. 
MEMBEIlSaiP Jf^EZ;.— Payable but once. 

Full Member $5.00 | Half Member -$.-?-oo | Full Member §3.00 | Half Member Si. 50 

About $12.00 a year, payable in quarterly instalments will secure the following benefits, in the J>referre(l class 



Economical ^Management. 

Limited Expenses. 
Benefits Graded in Proportion to Hazard of Occupation. 

Equitable Adjustment and Prompt Payment of Claims. 
-1 SSESSMEJS'TS. 



Death from Accident $5,000 

Loss of Hand and Foot S.o<x> 

'• Both Hands 5.000 

" Both Feet - 5-000 

" One Hand - 2,500 



Loss of One Foot $2,500 

" Both Eyes 2,500 

" One Eye 750 

Permanent Total Disability _ 2,500 

Weekly Indemnity not to e.\ceed 52 weeks 25 



■^ NO • V^Ml-ID • OI-7^I7V^ . WNRT^ID.t^ 



irlih'-s/irf<ii1 attention. It is fioir 
I tlictn.S)'lres, (i.s it is to insure their 



The subject of Accident Insurance is com ntamHnu 
deemed as neccssarif for mm to insure atjainst accidents 
property aijainst /ire. 

LIBEIi^^L TEI?,]VtS TO .A-CTI^sTE .A-G-EHSTTS- 



Washington Inaugurai. Centennial. 



6i 




POTTER BUILDING, Park Ro^7V and Beekman Street. 



62 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 

IRCW |l)Ork XifC 56UilMni}, At numbers 346 and 348 Broadway, corner of Leonard street, 
stands the massive building of the New York Life Insurance Company. It is of white marble 
and of the Ionic order of architecture, the design having been suggested by the temple of 
Erectheus at Athens. The site is an historic one, having long been occupied by the New York 
Society Library, and the New York Atheneum, and later by the publishing house of D. Appleton 
& Co. Thepr;sent building was erected by the company in i868-g, and has a frontage on 
Broadway of 62 feet. The lot is 197 feet deep, with Leonard street on one side and Catharine 
Lane on the other. The company's ofHces, which formerly occupied only a part of the main floor, 
now require the better ])art of four floors. The company began business in 1S45, and has now 
over $93,000,000 in assets and about $420,000,000 of insurance in force. 

!Jliverpool aub Xonbon an^ (Blobc BuilMmj. just out of waii street, at 45, 47 

and 49 William street, stands the large office building of the Liverpool and London and Globe Insur- 
ance Company. The frontage on William street is 68 feet and the building, by an L, presents a 
north front of 38 feet on Pine street, at Nos. 41 and 43. The ground area of the entire building 
is about 6400 square feet. Besides large space retained on the first floor for the accommodation 
of the Liverpool and London and Globe Insurance Company, which embraces a large office, no 
less than 62 feet by 59 feet, with a height of 25 feet (probably the largest business room of any 
institution in the United States), the balance of the building is occupied by tenants of high 
prominence, including the legal firms of Bangs, Stetson, Tracey & McVeagh, the firm of which 
ex-President Cleveland is now a member; Hill, W'irg & Shondy, and Sherman and Sterling. 
The Liverpool and London and Globe Insurance Company commenced business in the United 
States in 1848, erected a building at 45 William street in 1864 and in 1879 acquired such addi- 
tional property adjoining as enabled it to erect the building now briefly described. 

Among the otlier important commercial buildings in the city, we may mention the following : 

AS TO A' BUILDING, 10 Wall street. 

BENEDICT BUILDING, 171 Broadway. 

BENNETT BUILDING, Nassau and Fulton streets. 
BRYANT BUILDING, 55 Liberty street. 
DUNCAN BUILDING, 11 Pine street. 

EVENING POST BUILDING, Broadway and Fulton street. 

EXCHANGE COURT, Broadway and Exchange place. 

KNICKERBOCKER BUILDING, 2 West Fourteenth street. 
MORTIMER B UILDING, W^all and New streets. 

ORIENT BUILDING, 43 Wall street. 

FARMLY BUILDING, 165 Broadway. 

SCHERMERHORN BUILDING, 96 Broadway. 
TELEPHONE BUILDING, 16 Cortlandt street. 

TRIBUNE BUILDING, Park row and Nassau street. 

VANDERBILT BUILDING, 132 Nassau street. 
WELLES BUILDING, 18 Broadway. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 6-> 



^paptment plouses, or freiich piats. 

WITHIN the last few years apartment houses have multiplied to a remarkable extent in this city 
and this mode of living seems destined to become as common in New York as it is in Paris and 
\'ienna. Some of the largest and finest structures in the city are the apartment houses or 
"flats." Each apartment is complete in itself, containing all the rooms requisite for house- 
keeping. The rent of an apartment of the better class ranges from $1000 to $7000 a year, according to 
size and location. The buildings are provided with elevators, hall-boys, electric lights, and in many cases 
are fireproof. The expensive apartments are elegantly fitted up with hard woods and inlaid floors, frescos 
etc., and contain from seven to twenty-five rooms each. One of the differences between "flats" and 
"apartment houses" is that the former have kitchens, equipped for housekeeping, while the latter have 
restaurants where the occupants get their meals. The following are among the largest : 

Ci. ( i-i I ■-. _< i. I I o" 59th street, near Seventh avenue, form the 

entral Park Apartment HaUeEe, largest flat-hotel in the world, including several 
huge fireproof buildings — the Madrid, Cordova, Granada, Lisbon — comprehended in one plan, and 
magnificent in all their appointments. The whole structure is best known as the " Navarro Flats," 
and is said to have cost upwards of $7,000,000. 

— I j . at Eighth avenue and 72d street, is another vast and costly structure, 155 feet high, and 

UaivLllai gorgeous in all its details. It is called the finest in New York. The rent of an apartment 
runs as high as $7000 a year. It was built by Clark, of Singer Sewing Machine fame. 

_ , at the corner of Seventh avenue and 57th street, is eleven stories (171 feet) high, of 

UaDUrriCj rock-faced Connecticut brown-stone, fireproof, with floors and roof of iron, brick and 
concrete, all rooms finished in mahogany or ash, electric lights, steam-heat. Tiffany stained glass, 
etc. The main entrance is said to be the finest in New York, with heavy oaken doors, rare marbles, 
mosaic, frescos and stained glass, furnished by the La Farge Decorative Art Company. 
Besides those already mentioned, the most noteworthy ones are : 

THE STRA THMORE, Broadway and 52d st. THE HEA THIVOOD, 345 West sSth street. 

THE SARA TOGA, Broadway and 52d street. THE GARFIELD, 336 West 56th street. 

THE NEWPORT, 200 West 52d street. THE ST. ALBANS, 349 West 5Sth street. 

THE GRENOBLE, 57th street and Seventh ave. THE PALISADE, 325 West 56th street. 

THE CHELSEA HOME CLUB, West 23d r//i5' .4 .S/ZZ^A'/?, 53<:1 street and Lexington ave. 

street, between Seventh and Eighth avenues. THE HE THE RING TO A^, Fourth avenue and 
THE DELMONLCO, 79th st., near Second ave. 63d street. 

THE HOFFMAN ARMS, Madison av. & 59th st. THE LONSDALE, Fourth avenue, near 62d st. 

THE BERKELEY, 20 Fifth avenue. THE WASHINGTON, Seventh avenue, between 
THE RANDOLPH, 12 W^est i8th street. 121st and I22d streets. 

THE ROCKLAND, 140 West i6th street. THE BEVERLEY, Sixth avenue and 125th st. 

ST. A UGUSTINE, 264 West 67th street. THE EISLENBEN, Sixth avenue and 125th st. 

The stranger in New York, whether he come from the East or West or the North or South, is 
always most impressed by the high buildings that are to be seen in every section of the city. While the 
stranger is astonished at these great metropolitan structures, it seldom occurs to him that they would never 
have been erected had it not been for the introduction of passenger elevators, or, as they have been called, 
" Perpendicular Railways," by means of which the uppermost parts of buildings of eight, ten, twelve and 
even fourteen stories in height are made to-day more accessible and desirable, and even preferable to the 
lower parts of ordinary buildings of ten years ago. The elegance and speed of the majority of New York 
elevators are noteworthy, and as the results of many improvements their safety now is unquestioned. 

Elevators were at first used chiefly by leading hotels, but they are now used not only in all hotels but 
in thousands of public and commercial buildings, and also in thousands of the large and palatial residences 
in the newer parts of the city. There are several firms which have been foremost in the manufacture of 
the finer grades of elevators, and one of the best known is the firm of Otis Brothers & Co., whose offices 
are in the Potter building, 38 Park row. Those who may be interested in elevators and their construction 
will find it to their advantage to correspond with Messrs. Otis Brothers & Co. 



64 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



INSURE YOUR LIFE 



^S YOU 



INSURE YOUR PRORERTY 

Each year by itself, but with the right to continue the insurance as long as you live, by payments 

adjusted to cover the cost during the term paid for only. Renewable 

Term Insurance as furnished by the 

•PR0VIDENT SAVINGS^ 

LIFB ASSURANCE SOCIETY, 

120 BROADWAY, (equitable building) new YORK, 

Is ttie Safest, the Cheapest, Eind the Fairest Contract A.ttainable. 

Among all the life insurance companies the Provident Savings shows the largest ratio of assets 
to liabilities and the smallest ratio of payments for death claims and expenses. The maximum of security 
and the minimum of cost. 

Postmasters may easily add to their Incomes by acting as Agents. 

WM. E. STEVENS, Secretary. SHEPPARD HOMANS, President. 

SEND FOR PROSPECTUS. GOOD AGENTS WANTED. 

THOS. A. IRELAND, President. CHAS, L. TOMPKINS, Sec'y and Gen'l Manager, ARTHUR M, SANDERS, Treas, and Counsel 

GEO, E, GLINES, Vice-President, R, PITCHER WOODWARD, Ass't Secretary, JOHN F, RUSSELL, M. D„ Surgeon, 



H7VTERICKN 

/^(;gde9t Ipdempity /^ssoeiatiop 

—OF— 

New York. 



Important Nov Features 5 I^owest Xerms. 

Synopsis of Our New Policy and Our New " Identification Card " 
furnished free upon application. 

Js^F-r-LY J^T HOMK{ OF^F^ICE, OR ADDRESS, 

P. o. jwx U74, y. r. , CHAS. L. TOMPKIKS, Sec'y and Gen'l Manager. 

Office, 91, 92, 93 and 94 Temple Court, N. Y. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



Lifi^ l9SiJra9(;e (^o/npapies li) J^eu/ Yor\[ Qity. 



Name and Location. 



Mutual, Nassau, Cedar and Liberty sts 

Brooklyn, 51 Liberty street 

Equitable Life Assur. Soc, 120 B'dway 

Germania, 20 Nassau street 

Home, 254 Broadway 

Manhattan, 156 Broadway 

Metropolitan, 32 Park place 

New York, 346 Broadway 

Provident Savings, 120 Broadway 

United States, 261 Broadway , 

Washington, 21 Cortlandt street 



President. 



Richard A. McCurdy 

Wm. M. Cole 

Henry B. Ilyde. . . . 
Hugo Wesendonck. 
CJeorge C. Ripley. . . 
Jas. M. McLean . . . 

J. F. Knapp 

William H. Beers.. 
Sheppard Homans. . 
George H. Burford. 
W. A. Brewer 



Assets, 
Jan. I, 188 



126,082,153 
1-645.558 

95,042,923 

13,961,199 
6,363,572 

11.543,049 
6,287,781 

93,480,186 

592,127 

5.976,250 

9-519.277 



Surplus 

over all 

Liabilities. 



7,940,063 

176,119 

20,794,715 

1,188,521 

1.258,597 
1,306,705 

924.915 

13,500,000 

396,084 

689,024 

558,450 



Total 
Amount of 
Insurance 
in Force. 



482,125,184 
5,720,140 

549,216,126 
49.921.750 
22,748,299 

43.504.413 
180,600,919 
419,886,505 

51,012,286 

25,455.249 

42,768,034 



MssessTu^ersLT co7v^F>75Nies, 



Name and Location. 



Bank, & Merch. Alliance, 32 Thomas st 
Citizens Mut. L. Ins. Ass'n, 115 B'dway 
Equitable Reserve Fund Life Ass'n, 

171 Broadway 

Family Fund Society, 280 Broadway. . . 
Home Benefit Ass'n, 137 Broadway. . . . 
Home Benefit Society, 161 Broadway. . 
Home Prov. S. F. Ass'n, 89 Liberty st. 

The Life Union, 234 Broadway 

Mut. Ben. I>. Ass'n of A., 280 B'dv\-ay. 
Mutual Reserve Fund Life Association, 

38 Park row 

National Alliance, 5 Beekman street. . . 
National Benefit Society. 187 Broadway 
Protective L. A. Soc, 44 Broadway.. . . 
Security Mut. Ben. Society, 233 B'dway 
United L. and A. Ins. Ass'n, 44 B'dway 
Womens Mutual Ins. and A. Co. of A., 

128 Broad wav 



President. 



N. Fobes 

Levi M. Bates 



Charles M. Hibbard. 
George W. Willard . . 
William A. Camp . . , 
John F. H. King. . . , 
Julian W. Merrill ... 

T. S. Johnson 

Edw. Henry Kent. . . 

E. B. Harper 

H. M. Munsell 

Ceorge Merrill 

Eberhard Faber 

R. Carman Combs... 
Peter Bowe 

Elizabeth B. Phelps. 



Assets, 
Jan. I, i8£ 



38,069 
20,072 

68,646 

129,422 

153.198 

1,584 

22,823 

38,349 
204,106 

1,738,453 
91,012 

83,443 
8,403 
2,818 

37,944 

25,175 



Insurance 
Written 



230,000 
1,968,700 

221,000 

257,000 

4,257,000 

549.400 

362,000 

1,415,000 

4,429,000 

37,906,800 
5,153,500 
1,906,700 
116,750 
2,568,000 
3,941,000 

2,223,120 



Total 
Amount of 
Insurance 
in Force. 



3,535,500 

5.875.575 

3,561,000 
3,212,000 

11,472,500 
3,015,900 
1,120,000 
8,310.000 

22,288,200 

168,902,850 

13,540,500 

8,176,700 

69,250 

11,024,000 

8,707,000 

3,207,590 



KGCIOeNT C07U^F=7^NieS, 



Am. Accident Indemnity Ass'n of N. Y., 

5 Beekman street 

(See advertisement on opposite page.) 

Guar. Mut. Ace. Ass'n, 165 Broadway . 

Mercantile Mut. Ace. Soc, 137 B'dway 

National Accident Society, 280 B'dway. 

Preferred Mu. A. Ass'n, 257 B'dway.'.. 

Provident Fund Society, 280 B'dway. . . 

Traders & Trav. Ace. Co., 287 B'dway. 

U. S. Mut. Ace. Ass'n, 320 Broadway. . 



Thos. A. Ireland. 

G. H. Fitzwilson. , 
Wm. H. Peckham 

T. L. Barton , 

II. L. Coe 

A. N. Lockwood. , 

S. S. Pierson 

Charles B. Peet.., 



4,077 


7,86y.OOO 


5,245,000 


3,625 


1 4, 340; 500 


13,894,500 


3-047 


4,148,000 


3,006,000 


1,997 


12,742,250 


9,260,250 


73,450 


41,060,000 


56,420,000 


3.043 


26,022,925 


19,376,375 


30.632 


8,005,000 


10,135,000 


91,500 


151,192,250 


231,931,250 



66 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



QUEEN 

IiNSURANCE COMPANY, 

GO T^ALL STI^EET, 

NEW YORK. 



LANCASHIRE 

INSdRANCE COMPANY, 

OP 

40 Pine Street, New York. 

ASSETS, - - 1st JANUARY, 1889, - - $1,706,412,18 
LIABILITIES, - - " " '' - - $1,025,457,10 
SURPLUS, - - . .. . - - $680,955.08 

Trustees in U. S. 

DONALD MACKA V. Of Vermilye bf Co., Bankers. 

CORNELIUS N. BLISS Of Bliss, Fabyan &= Co. 

II. J. FAIRCHILD Of H. B. Claflin &= Co 

EDWARD LITCHFIELD United States Manager 

GEORGE PRITCHARD. Sub-Manager. 



\ (guarantee of ^tyle aijd Qualitil. 







_(^' 



^^^1^^ 



ESPENSCHEID'S HATS. 

118 NASSAU STREET, - - - NEW YORK. 

N. B.--EXCLUSIVE STYLES FOR YOUNG MEN, 



guN piRE Office^ 




eSTKBL-ISMeO M. D. ITIO. 



STATEMENT OF UNITED STATES BRANCH, 31st DECEMBER, 1888. 

ASSETS, - - $1,926,203.14. 
LIABILITIES, - - $1,034,532.93. 
SURPLUS, - - $891,670.21. 

TRUSTEES IN UNITED STATES, 

GEO. D. MORGAN, Chairman. 
If. M. ALEXANDER. Col. J. J. McCOOK'. 

.MORRIS FRANKLIN, Secretary .Ixvncy Department. 
J. /. PURCELL, - - Secretary Local Department. 

J. J. OTLJILE:, IVIanager. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



67 



pire l93ura9(;e ^o/r\paQie5 JQ f(<^u; Yor\{ <$ity. 



Xame and Location. 



Alliance, 34 Nassau street 

American, 146 Broadway 

Broadway, 158 Broadway 

Citizens, T56 Broadway 

City, III Broadway 

Commonwealth, 33 Nassau street 

Continental, 102 Broadway 

Eagle, 71 Wall street 

Empire City, 166 Broadway 

Exchange, 41 Pine street 

Farragut, 346 Broadway 

■Fire Association, 155 Broadway 

Firemen's, 153 Broadway 

German-American, 115 Broadway 

Germania, 179 Broadway 

Globe, 161 Broadway 

Greenwich, 161 Broadway 

Guardian, 153 Broadway 

Hamilton, 155 Broadway 

Hanover, 40 Nassau street 

Home, 119 Broadway 

Jefferson, iii Broadway 

Kings County, 139 Broadway 

Knickerbocker, 64 Wall street 

Liberty, 120 Broadway 

Manuf'rs and Builders, 152 Broadway. 

Mutual, 155 Broadway 

Nassau, 173 Broadway 

National, 35 Pine street 

New York, 72 Wall street 

New York Bowery, 124 Bowery 

New York Equitable, 58 Wall street. . 

Niagara, 135 Broadway 

Pacific, 470 Broadway 

People's, 393 Canal street 

Peter Cooper, Third avenue and gth st. 

Phenix, 195 Broadway 

Rutgers, 180 Chatham Stjuare 

Standard, 52 Wall street 

Stuyvesant, 157 Broadway 

United States, 170 Broadway 

Westchester, 27 Pine street 

Williamsburgh City, 150 Broadway. . . . 



President. 



James Yereance 

David Adee 

E. B. Magnus 

Edward A. Walton . . 

S. Townsend 

M. M. Belding 

¥. C. Moore 

A. J. Clinton 

Lindley Murray, Jr. . 

R. C. Combes 

John E. Leffingwell. 

P. B. Armstrong 

John F. Halsted 

E. Oelbermann 

R. Garrigue 

A. A. Reeves 

S. C. Harriot 

W. K. Pave 

D. D. Whitney 

B. S. Walcott 

Daniel A. Heald. . . . 
Samuel E. Belcher... 
W. E. Horwill 

E. W. Albro 

George A. Morrison. 
Edward V. Loew . . . . 

P. B. Armstrong 

William T. Lane 

Henry T. Drowne. . . 
Daniel Underbill. . . . 
John A. Delanoy. . . . 

John Miller. . . .' 

Peter Notman 

F. T. Stinson 

Fred. V. Price 

W. H. Riblet 

George P. Sheldon . . . 
Edward B. Fellows. . 
Wm. M. St. John. . . 
George B. Rhoads. . . 
W. W. Underbill.. . . 
George R. Crawford. 
Edmund Drives 



Capital. 



$200,000 
400,000 
200,000 
300,000 
210,000 
500,000 

1,000,000 
300,000 
200,000 
200,010 
200,000 
300,000 
204,000 

1,000,000 

1,000,000 
200,000 
200,000 
200,000 
150,000 

1,000,000 

3,000,000 
200,010 
150,000 
210,000 

I, 000, coo 
200,000 
260,215 
200,000 
200,000 
200,000 
300,000 
210,000 
500,000 
200,000 
200,000 
150,000 

1,000,000 
200,000 
200,000 
200,000 
250,000 
300,000 
250,000 



Assets, 

January i, 

1889. 

1400,037 

1,308,514 

448,112 

1,126,197 

403.647 

713.534 

5,028,345 

1,091,423 

316,821 

480,149 

400,673 

543,869 

279.975 

5,388,533 

2,808,719 

355,003 

1,405,811 

266,669 

283,317 

2,503,382 

8,961,657 

502,483 

371,623 

344,098 

1,379.956 

477,700 

1,493.179 
424,809 

411,937 
365.403 
770,576 
546.454 

2,360,135 
738,970 
342,728 
378.536 

4.524.597 
419,140 
380,798 
300,452 
666,178 

1.407,452 

1,365,541 



Surplus 
Over All 
Liabilities. 



$58,459 
548,338 
218,736 
293,639 
159,619 
97,122 

1,226,692 
680,572 

80,497 

100,543 

79.190 

76,012 

42.673 

2,243,986 

726,445 

100,027 

415.742 
38,391 

73,594 

462,554 

1,502,462 

244,408 

167,451 

94,397 
115,408 
119,789 
683,420 
178,262 

71,880 

56,212 
119,069 
296,873 
379,540 
340,070 

39,192 
212,336 
193,928 

156,915 

130,236 

53,186 

263,902 

314,859 
611,004 



I=OReiGN C07UTF>7^NieS. 



Name and Location. 


Manager. 


Assets in the 

U.S., Jan. 

I, 1889. 


Total 
Liabilities. 


Surplus 

Over All 

Liabilities. 


Commercial Union (Lon.), 48 Pine st. . 


A. Pell&C. Sewell.. 


$2,807,874 


$1,869,353 


$938,521 


Guardian (London), 50 Pine street. . . . 


H. E. Bowers 


1,492,214 


679,609 


812,605 


Lancashire (Manchester), 40 Pine st. . . 


E. Litchfield 


1,706,412 


1,025,457 


680,955 


Liv. & Lon. & CJlobe (Liv.), 45 William 


Henrv W. Eaton 


6,963,812 


3,963,285 


3,000,527 


Lon. & Lancashire (Liv.), 38 Nassau st. 


Jeffrey Beavan 


2,019 691 


1,190,964 


828,729 


N. British & Mer. (Lon.), 54 Williamst. 


S. P. Blagden 


3,472,614 


1,615,269 


1,857,345 


Northern (London), 38 Pine street. . . . 


Henry H. Hall 


1,496,473 


817.213 


679,260 


Norwich Union (Norwich), 67 Wall st. 


J. Montgomery Hare. 


1, 411,445 


815. 3S2 


596,063 


Phoenix (London), 67 Wall street 


A. D. Irving 


1,858,874 


1,325,799 


533,075 


Queen (Liverpool), 60 Wall street 


James A. Macdonald. . 


2,133,801 


1,288,363 


845,438 


Royal (Liverpool), 50 Wall street 


E. F. Beddall 


5,233,694 


3,028,691 


2,205,003 


Sun Fire Office (London) 34 Nassau st. 
United Fire Re-In. (Manch.), 38 Nassau 


J. J. Guile 


1,926,203 
1,058,396 


1,034,533 
716,160 


891,670 
342,236 


William Wood 



68 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



NEAa^ vork, 

FIFTH AVENUE. CORNER TWENTY-THIRD STREET. 

Designated o Depository © of o the ©United o States. 



THE COLLECTION OF INTEREST, COUPONS AND DIVIDENDS FOR DEPOSITORS WILL 
S« RECEIVE SPECIAL ATTENTION. f^ 



GEORGE MONTAGUE, JOSEPH S. CASE, 

President. Cashier. 

DIReCTORSj 

AMOS R. ENO. HENRY A. HURLBUT. ANSON PHELPS STOKES. 

ALFRED B. DARLING. JOHN L. RIKER. WM. C. BREWSTER. 

WM. P. ST. JOHN. GEORGE MONTAGUE. CHARLES B. FOSDICK. 

GEORGE SHERMAN. JOS. S. CASE. 



L^s-iDiEs' Cj^FiFtiAGE, Entra^nce^ 23i:> Street. 

THE 

Fifth Ave. 

Safe Deposit 

Company. 

Entrance through SECOSD MTIONAL BANK, No. 190 Fifth Avenue, Corner 23d Street. 

The Vaults of this Company are entirely outside the building, and are absolutely 

FIRE AlVO BURGI.AR PROOF. 

Steel Safes for the keeping of Securities, Jewels and other Valuables. Rent $io and Upwards per 
Annum. Special Department for Ladies. Ofifice Hours, 9 A. M. to 4.30 i'. M. 

OEEICERiS : 

WILLIAM C. BREWSTER, President. GEORGE MONTAGUE, Vice-President. 

DANIEL C. SILLECK, Jr., Superintendent. 

trustees: 

HENRY A. HURLBUT. ALFRED B. DARLING. JOHN L. RIKER. 

WILLIAM C. BREWSTER. AUGUSTUS C. DOWNING. WILLIAM P. ST. JOHN. 

GEORGE MONTAGUE. CHARLES B. FOSDICK. GEORGE SHERMAN. 

GEORGE W. CARLETON WILLIAM P. ENO. JOSEPH S. CA.SE. 

JOHN H. SHOE.\n'.ERGi:/:. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



69 



NATieNALi Banks. 



Name. 



American Exchange. . 
Bank of Commerce. . . 
Bank of New York . . . 
Bank of the Republic. 



Broadway National . . . 
Butchers' and Drovers'. 

Central National 

Chase National 



Chatham National . 
Chemical National. 
Citizens' National. . 
City National 



Commercial National. 
Continental National. 
East River National. . 
Fifth National 



First National. . . , 
Fourth National. . 
Fulton National . . 
Gallatin National 



Importers and Traders. 
Irving National 



Leather Manufacturers 

Lincoln National 

Market National 

Mechanics National. . . 



Mercantile National 

Merchants National 

Merchants Exchange 

National Bank of Deposit. 



New York County. . . . 
New York National E> 

Ninth National 

Park National 



Location. 



128 Broadway . . 

27 Nassau street. 

48 Wall street . . . 

2 Wall street . . . 



237 Broadway. . . . 

1 24 Bowery 

320 Broadway. . . . 

15 Nassau street. 



196 Broadway . . 

270 Broadway. . 

401 ISroadway. . 

52 Wall street. 



78 Wall street . . . 

7 Nassau street. 

682 Broadway. . . . 

300 Third avenue. 



94 Broadway. . . . 
14 Nassau street. 
37 Fulton street . 
36 Wall street. . . 



President. 



George S. Coe. 
Richard King . 
Charles M. Fry 
John J. Knox . 



Francis A. Palmer 

Gurdon G. BrinckerhoiT. 

W. L. Strong 

II. W. Cannon 



George M. Hard. . . 
George G. Williams 

W. IL Oakley 

Percy R. Pyne 



Orson Adams 

Edmund U. Randolph. 

Charles Jenkins 

Richard Kellev 



George F. Baker 

J. Edward Simmons. . 

W. Irving Clark 

Frederic'K D. Tappen. 



Garfield National 378 Sixth avenue A. C. Cheney 

Hanover National 13 Nassau street I |ames T. Woodward. 



:hange . 



Phenix National. . . 
Seaboard National. 
Second National. . . 

Seventh Ward 

Shoe and Leather. . 



Sixth National 

Third National 

Tradesmen's National. . 
United States National. 
W'estern National 



247 Broadway E. H. Perkins, 

287 Greenwich street j John L. Jewett 



29 Wall street 

32 East Forty-second street 
286 Pearl street 

33 Wall street 



igi Broadway. . . . 

42 Wall street . . 
257 Broadway. . . . 

55 Liberty street. 



79 Eighth avenue. . 
138 Chambers street. 

409 Broadway 

216 Broadway 



45 Wall street . . 

18 Broad v\'ay. . . 
190 Fifth avenue 
1 84 Broadway. . . 
271 Broadway. . . 



1282 Broadway. . . . 

22 Nassau street. 

291 Broadway. . . . 

I Broadway. . . . 

120 Broadway. . . . 



John T. Willetis. 
Thomas L. James 
Robert Bayles . . . 
H. E. Garth 



W. P. St. John.... 
Jacob D. Vermilye. 
P. C. Lounsbury. . 
Lewis E. Ransom. 



Francis L. Leland. . 
Daniel B. Halstead. 

John T. Hill 

V. Mumford Moore 



Eugene Dutilii. . . . 
W. A. Pullman. . . 
George Montague. 
O. H. Schreiner. . 
John M. Crane . . . 



Charles E. Leland 

W. A. Booth 

Nathaniel Niles. . . 
Logan C. Murray . 
C. N. Jordan 



Capital. 



$5,000,000 
5,000,000 
2,000,000 
1,500,000 

1,000,000 
300,000 

2,000,000 
500,000 

450,000 

300,000 

600,000 

1,000,000 

300,000 

1,000,000 

250,000 

150,000 

500,000 
3,200,000 

300,000 
1,000,000 

200,000 
1,000,000 
1,500,000 

500,000 

600,000 

300,000 

500,000 

2,000,000 

1,000,000 

2,000,000 

600,000 

300,000 

200,000 

300,000 

750,000 

2,000,000 

1.000,000 
500,000 
300,000 
300,000 
500,000 

200,000 
1,000,000 
1,000,000 

500,000 
3,500,000 



yo 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



STATE BANKS. 



Name. 



Bank of America 

Bank of Harlem 

Bank of the Metropolis. 



Location. 



54 William street. . . . 

241 West 125th street. 

17 Union Square. . . . 



Bank of New Amsterdam 

Bank of North America 

Bank of the State of New York. 



Bowery Bank. . . 
Clinton Bank. . , 
Columbia Bank. 



Broadway and 40th street. 

44 Wall street 

33 William street 



President. 



62 Bowery 

112 Hudson street. 
501 Fifth avenue. . 



Corn Exchange Bank. 

East Side Bank 

Eleventh Ward Bank. 



13 William street. 
459 Grand street. . . 
147 Avenue IJ) 



Empire State Bank. . . . 
Fifth Avenue Bank. . . . 
Fourteenth Street Bank. 



640 Broadway 

531 P'ifth avenue. . . 
3 East 14th street. 



Gansevoort Bank 

German-American Bank. 
German Exchange Bank . 



Ninth avenue and 14th st. 

50 Wall street 

330 Bowery 



Germania Bank . . 
Greenwich Bank. 
Hamilton Bank. 



Home Bank 

Hudson River Bank. 
Lenox Hill Bank. . . 



Madison .Square Bank 

Manhattan Company Bank. . . 
Mechanics and Traders Bank. 



Mount Morris Bank. 
Murray Hill Bank. . 
Nassau Bank 



215 Bowery 

402 Hudson street. . . . 
278 West 125th street. 



654 Eighth avenue 

Ninth avenue and 72d St., 
Third avenue and 72d st. , 

Fifth avenue and 25th st. 

40 Wall street 

486 Broadway 



Nineteenth Ward Bank. 
Ninth Avenue Bank.. . . 
North River Bank 



133 East 125th street. 
760 Third avenue. . . . 
137 Nassau street. . . . 



Oriental Bank. 
Pacific Bank. . 
People's Bank. 



Produce Exchange Bank. 

Riverside Bank 

St. Nicholas Bank 



57th street and Third ave. 

922 Ninth avenue 

187 Greenwich street 



122 Bowery 

470 Broadway. . . 
395 Canal street. 



8 Broadway .... 
962 Eighth avenue. 
120 Broadway 



Twelfth Ward Bank 

Twenty-third Ward Bank 

Union Bank 

West Side Bank 



153 East 125th street 

Third avenue and 146th st . 

747 Fifth avenue , 

481 Eighth avenue 



Capital. 



Edmund W. Corlies. . 
C. H. Pinkham, Jr... 
Robert Schell 

Thomas C. Acton . . . . 

William Dowd 

R. L. Edwards , 

Henry P. De Graaf . , 
Douglass R. Satterlee 
Joseph Fox 

William A. Nash 

Thomas R. Manners. 
Henry Steers 

James \V. Conrow. . . 

A. S. Frissell 

George F. Vail 

T. C. Kimball 

Henry RochoU 

M. J. Adrian 

Marc. Eidlitz 

John S. McLean. . . . 
Luclen C. Warner.. 

Edmund Stephenson. 
William de Groot. . . 
Charles A. Troup. . . . 

W. Wetmore Cryder. 

DeWitt C. Hays 

M. Thalmessinger. . 

Joseph M. DeVeaw. . 
William A. Darling. 
Francis M. Harris... 

Samuel H. Rathbone 
William H. Bellamy. 
E. E. Gedney 

C. W. Starkey 

Hart B. Brundrett. .. 
Scott Foster 

Forrest H. Parker. . . 

Floyd Clarkson 

Arthur B. Graves. ... 

Edward P. Steers . . . 
Thomas MacKellar. . 
lohn W. Kilbreth... 
John W. B. Dobler. . 



53,000,000 
100,000 
300,000 

250,000 

700,000 

1,200,000 

250,000 
200,000 
200,000 

1,000,000 
100,000 
100,000 

250,000 
100,000 
100,000 

200,000 
750,000 
200,000 

200,000 
200,000 
150,000 

100.000 

200,0 00 
100,000 

200,000 

2,050,000 

200,000 

100,000 
100,000 
500,000 

100,000 
100,000 
240,000 

300,000 
422,700 
200,000 

1,000,000 
100,000 
500,000 

200,000 
100,000 
250,000 
200,000 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 71 



STATUES. 



THE objects which a stranger usually wants to see in New York first are the Statue of Liberty 
and the East River Bridge, the greatest works of their kind in the world. All of the note- 
worthy statues or other monuments in the public parks and squares of the city, including Central 
Park, are comprised in the following list: 

STATUE OF LIBERTY "ENLIGHTENING THE WORLD" stands on Bedloe's Island, 

in the harbor. It is a majestic female figure made of copper, 151 feet i inch high, standing on a 
pedestal 154 feet 10 inches high. It was modeled by Bartholdi, a French sculptor, and was presented 
by the French people to the people of the United States. In the upraised right hand is a torch, lighted 
by electricity ; and in the left hand is the Constitution. The copper is about one-fifth of an inch thick. 
The forefinger is 8 feet long and 5 feet in circumference. The finger-nail is L4 inches long and 10 wide. 
The eyes are 28 inches wide. The nose is nearly 4 feet long. The head is 14 feet high. The top of the 
^.gure is higher than the steeple of Trinity Church. The statue and pedestal cost $1,000,000. Bedloe's 
Island may be reached by boats from the Battery, where a small steamboat starts every hour from the 
Barge Office, and makes the excursion in an hour. The fare for the round trip is twenty-five cents. 
Pleasant views are afforded of the inner harbor, the Narrows, Governor's Island and its forts, Staten Island 
the Brooklyn Bridge and lower New York. The boat usually lies at the island wharf long enough for 
one to walk briskly up to the pedestal, and look off from its upper balustrade, gaining an enchanting view 
over the lower harbor and its environing cities. Or you can spend a full hour on the island, visiting also 
the fortifications and barracks of the United States Artillery, and return on the next boat. It is the 
largest bronze statue in the world, and can be clearly made out from the Battery and many distant points. 
It faces very nobly toward the Narrows, the route from Europe. Inside the sea wall is an earthwork. 

OBELISK, in Central Park, was erected in the Temple of On, in Egypt, about 3500 years ago, by 
Thutmes 111., King of Egypt, and conqueror of Central Africa, Palestine and Mesopotamia, with hiero- 
glyphics, illustrating his campaigns and titles, and those of his descendant, Rameses II. For many cen- 
turies it stood before the Temple of the Sun at Heliopolis, and was removed during the reign of Tiberius 
to Alexandria, where it remained until 1877, when the Khedive, Ismail Pasha, presented it to the city of 
New York. It was skillfully transported hither hy Lieut-Com. Gorringe, U. S. N., and now stands on. 
the knoll near the Metropolitan Museum of Art in Central Park. The entire cost of its transportation 
and setting-up was borne by the late William H. Vanderbilt. It is of granite, 70 feet long, and weighs 
200 tons. This noble monument was made before the siege of Troy or the foundation of Rome and 
while the Israelites were enslaved in Egypt. 

BEETHOVEN, erected iu 1884, on the Mall at Central Park. A colossal bronze bust, by Bacrer, 
on high granite pedestal. Given by the Mannerchor. a German singing society. 

BOLIVAR, the Liberator of South America, has a bold equestrian statue in Central Park near 
West Eighty-first street, dedicated in 1884. It was given to the American people by the Republic of 
Venezuela. 

BURNS stands in bronze, on the Mall at Central Park, designed by John Steele, and presented in 
1880 by the Scottish New Yorkers. 

COLUMBUS, a colossal marble statue by Emma Stebbins, is in the Arsenal at Central Park. It 
was given to the city by Marshall O. Roberts in 1869. 

COMMERCE, an allegorical bronze figure of heroic size, by the French sculptor, Fosquet, stands 
near the southw est entrance of Central Park. Stephen B. Guion gave it to the city in 1866. 

WILLIAM E. DODGE, the late eminent merchant, is represented by a bronze statue, erected by 
the merchants of New York, at Broadway and Thirty-sixth street. 

ADMIRAL FARRAGUT is commemorated by a noble bronze statue, designed by Augustus St. 
Gaudens, on Madison Square. The pedestal curves almost into a semi-circle, and has marine decorations. 
The Admiral is represented as on the deck of his ship. 

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, a bronze statue on Printing-house Square, was erected in 1867, at the 
•expense of Captain De Grcot. 



72 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



HOTEL BARTHOLDI, 

Broadway and 23d Street, 



NEW YORK. 



OPPOSITE MADISON SQUARE. 



E.H. 
MASON 

Office Furniture 





No. 62 



No. 62 



WILLIAM STREET. 

A. SPECIALTY: 

ROLL-TOP DESKS. 




Washington Inaugurai. Centennial. 




STATUE OF LIBERTY. 



74 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 

FITZ-GREENE HALLECK, the poet, has a bronze-seated statue on the Mall, Central Park 
designed by \Vilson MacUonald, erected in 1877. 

ALEXANDER HAMILTON'S statue, presented by his son, John C. Hamilton, in 1880, is ii. 
Central Park, near the Museum of Art. It is of white Westerly granite. 

HUMBOLDT, the celebrated German traveler and scientist, has a large bronze bust in Central 
Park, near the southeast corner, presented by German New Yorkers in 1869 It was designed by Pro- 
fe^sor Blaiser of Berlin. 

THE INDIAN HUNTER, by J. Q. A. Ward, stands in Central Park, near the Mall. It is of 
bronze, and has high art value. 

LAFAYETTE, a bronze statue by Bartholdi, is in Union Square. It was presented by French 
New Yorkers in 1S76. 

ABRAHAM LINCOLN, a bronze statue by H. K. Browne, was erected in 1868, in Union Square, 
by popular subscription. 

MAZZINI, an heroic bronze bust of the Italian liberator, was erected in 187S, in Central Park, by 
Italian New Yorkers. 

PROFESSOR S. F, B. MORSE has a bronze statue, erected by the Telegraph Operators' Asso- 
ciation in 1871, in Central Park, near West Seventy-second street. He was present at its dedication, but 
died the next year. 

THE PILGRIM, a picturesquely posed and attired heroic bronze statue, by J. Q. A. Ward, was 
presented by New England New Yorkers, and stands in Central Park, near East Seventy-second street. 

SCHILLER, a bronze bust in the Ramble at Central Park, was given in 1859 ^^7 German New Yorkers. 

SIR WALTER SCOTT, a bronze copy of the celebrated statue on the Scott monument at Edin- 
burgh, is on the Mall, Central Park, on a pedestal of fine Aberdeen granite. It was given in 1871 (the 
one-hundredth anniversary of Scott's birtli), by Scottish New Yorkers. The poet is represented seated on 
a rock, with his dog at his feet. 

SEVENTH REGIMENT MONUMENT, a bronze statue of a soldier, by J. Q. A. Ward, is in 
Central Park, near East Seventy-second street. It commemorates the soldiers of the regiment dead in the 
Secession war. 

WILLIAM H. SEWARD, Secretary of State during the civil war, has a bronze statue by Randolph 
Rogers, erected in 1876, in Madison Square. 

SHAKESPEARE, a bronze statue, by J. Q. A. Ward, placed on the Mall in Central Park in 1872, by 
the Shakespeare Dramatic Association. 

THE STILL HUNT, by Kemeys, is a crouching American panther on a high ledge of rocks near 
the Obelisk, in Central Park. 

GEORGE WASHINGTON is commemorated by an heroic equestrian statue in Union Square. 
It was designed by H. K. Browne. 

WASHINGTON also has a colossal statue by J. Q. A. Ward, erected in 1883, before the Sub- 
Treasury, on Wall street, where he took the oath as first President, in 1789. 

WASHING rON also has a quaint statue, a copy of that by Houdon, erected by the school children 
at Riverside I'ark. 

DANIEL WEBSTER has an heroic bronze statue, given by Gordon W. Burnham, in Central 
Park, near West Seventy-second street. It was made in Italy, at a cost of $65,000, and stands on a huge 
block of granite. 

GEN. WORTH is commemorated by a granite obelisk at Broadway and Fifth avenue (Madison 
Square), erected by the city. 

The following monuments have historic interest : 

THOMAS ADDIS EMMETT in St. Paul's churchyard. 

GEN. RICHARD MONTGOMERY in the Broadway end of St. Paul's. 

THE MARTYRS MONUMENT, in Trinity churchyard, commemorating the American soldiers 
who died in British prisons during the Revolution. 

ALEXANDER HAMILTON'S, ALBERT GALLATIN'S, ROBERT FULTON'S and 

CAPT. LAWRENCE'S (of the "Chesapeake ") in Trinity churchvard. 

CAPT.-GEN. PETRUS STUYVESANT'S in the outer wail of St. Mark's Church. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



Places of ^Imusement, 



•'l^HE theatres of New York are among the best in the world and should be visited by all who are 
^ fortunate enough to be in the city at this time. Care should be taken about buying tickets from 
speculators outside, as in some of the theatres such tickets will not be accepted. 

The side-walks on Union Square, near the Washington statue, are frequented by numbers of actors 
\»'aiting for engagements, and has hence come to be known as " Tha Slave Market," and " The Rialto." 

iffiioacierny of _LY'l"'asiG, a long and plain brick building at the corner of 14th street and 
Irving place, formerly was the home of Italian opera in New York, and more recently of the famous 
National Opera Company. It cost 1360,000, and has a magnihcent interior, where some of the most 
notable balls and other entertainments have taken place. Nearly opposite is Irving Hall, also famous for 
fashionable balls and hops. The Academy has heard the impassioned songs of Lucca, Nilsson, Kellogg, 
Tietjens, Piccolomini, Gerster, Hauk, Brignoli, Campanini, Mario, and other famous singers. E. G. 
Gilmore and Eugene Tompkins are its proprietors and managers. 

IB1JOIJ. ©peTa jSonse, on Broadway, between 30th and 31st streets, is a small but very 
comfortable theatre, devoted to comic opera. J. W. Rosenquest, manager. 

!Bl?oaciv7ay T?]:]eatre, Broadway, corner of 41st street, is a charming new theatre, under the 
management of Mr. F. W. .Sanger. 

^^aSlXlO, at Broadway and 39th street, is a beautiful Moorish structure, modeled after parts of 
the famous Alhambra. Here are produced comic operas, musical extravaganzas and oth .-r light amuse- 
ments. On the roof is a pleasant and popular cafe and summer garden. Rudolph Aronson, manager. 

Italy's, at Broadway and 31st street, has an admirable stock company, and renders modern and 
classic English comedies in a style of incomparable excellence. Augustin Daly is its proprietor and 
manager. 

l^oe^'sta^-ei^'s, on Broadway, near 2qth street, is devoted to minstrels, sketches and entertain- 
ing varieties. 

"^11 tl] i^veriue Ti'lrieat'Pe, corner of Broadway and 2Sth street, is a beautiful and success- 
ful " star " theatre, built for Augustin Daly, and now managed by Eugene Tompkins. 

If'otll^'teerittl Street TPbiCatl^e, on 14th street, near Sixth avenue, is a handsome gray 
building, with a classic portico. It has also been known as the Lyceum Theatre (when Fechter conducted 
it), and Haverly's. It has a very handsome and comfortable auditorium. J. W. Rosenquest, manager. 

(^3?ar|3. ©"pera House, at Eighth avenue and 23d street, is an immense structure of white 
marble, for a long time run by James Fisk, Jr. The prices here are much lower than at the other large 
theatres, and its great auditorium has witnessed many fine " star" performances. T. H. French, manager. 

JriaT?r':crari'8 "JpaT-k Tj'tieatre, at Broadway and 35th street, is under Edward Uarrigan's 
management, and furnishes capital novelties and comedies, in which the drolleries of the Hibernian char- 
acter are deftly illustrated. Edward Harrigan, proprietor. 

Jjlai'r'y ^Kiiriei^'s 'TTtieatr'eS, one on Eighth avenue, near 23d street, and the other on the 
Bowery, near Broome street, are devoted to varieties and other light performances. 

Jl3yoe"'aTri T?T:]eat]?e is a beautiful new structure on Fourth avenue, near 23d street (next to 
the Academy of Design), built under the direction of Steele Mackaye and richjy decorated by Tiffany. 
Here one may see modern comedies and popular dramas of high excellence. Daniel Frohman, manager. 



76 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



!KIa<3.180r| Squar'e (R>ai?cier|, at Fourth and Madison avenues and 26th and 27th streets, 
has the largest auditorium in the city. Here occur pedestrian and pugiHstic matches, circuses, Barnum's 
or Wild West shows, exhibitions of flowers, dogs, etc. 

IviadlSOri Square TTlieatre, on 24th street, near Broadway (adjoining the Fifth Avenue 
Hotel), is one of the best in America, with an admirable stock company, devoted to society dramas and 
comedies of modern life. It has a double, movable stage, so that succeeding scenes can be presented 
without delay ; and the orchestra is sequestered in an exquisite eyry above the curtain. A. M. Palmer, 
manager. 

]wletr'0"polltar| ©pei^a I?loilSe has the largest audience room in the world, and has 122 
boxes (each with a spacious parlor attached), and seats for 6000 persons. It is an enormous Renaissance 
building of yellow brick, 200 by 260 feet, with broad foyers, 17 entrances and a stage 96 by 76 feet, and 
120 feet high. The structure is of brick and iron, and practically fireproof. It was opened in 1883 by 
Nilsson and Campanini in " Faust." Here the great German and Italian operas are given in magnificent 
style, with every accessory of fine scenery and stage effects. It fronts on Broadway and extends from 
38th to 3gth streets. 

if! 1^1 8 Cpai^<3-er|, at 580 Broadway, near Prince street (adjoining the Metropolitan Hotel), 
is a spacious and splendid theatre, with broad lobbies, and a handsome auditorium seating 2000 persons. 
It occupies the site of a summer garden founded many years ago by William Niblo. Here may be seen 
ballets, spectacular pieces and the best melodramas. E. G. Gilmore, manager. 

CpT'lerital 'Irl:]eatl?e, 113 Bowery, gives perfo'-mances in Hebrew. 

jralirieT's Url]eatre, at Broadway and 30th street, is one of the leading theatres of the 
metropolis, with a brilliant and comfortaljle auditorium. It presents choice modern dramas and comedies 
in a style of great splendor. 

irr'OCtoi^ S ljl:|eatee, 23d street, near Sixth avenue, is a fine new theatre, opened quite 
recently, and is one of the most exquisitely decorated and best arranged theatres in the city. Proctor & 
Turner are the proprietors and managers. 

(■i)tar|a.a'ri3. Jjlneatl?e, at Broadway, Sixth avenue and 33d street, is a large new theatre, 
devoted to modern society plays, comedies, etc. 

optaT? ll rieatre, at Broadway and 13th street, has a large and brilliant auditorium, devoted to 
opera comique and " star " representations. It is the old Wallack's Theatre. 

Tj'lieat'Pe (^Onqig^Tie is on 125th street, Harlem, near Third avenue. 

T|''l:in?d ^ver|ne Tj'T:]eatl='e, on Third avenue, between 3Cth and 31st streets, exhibits 
popular dramas and plays at low prices. It was built by McKee Rankin. 

Tj'oriy lpastoi?'8 T7l:ieatl=e, on East 14th street, between Tammany Hall and the Academy 
of Music, is sacred to variety shows, and is the best of it-> kind in the city. Tony Pastor, proprietor. 

jiiiaeri JVLusee, on West 23d street, near Fifth avenue, is an attractive new building, contain- 
ing wax portrait figures of many famous men and women in life size, historical groups, a subterranean 
Chamber of Horrors, and other interesting curiosities. Almost all visitors to New York include this 
remarkably instructive and entertaining sight in their grand rounds. The entrance fee is fifty cents ; and 
the collection is the best and largest of its kind in the world, far excelling the famous London wax works 
of Madame Tussaud. 

IpubilC Ijialls. At Chickeking Hall (Fifth avenue and i8th street), Steinway Hall 
(107 14th street, near Irv'ng place), and other large and beautifully decorated halls, lectures and concerts 
and other fashionable public entertainments are given frequently. 



Washington Inaugural CENTENNiAt. 



RAILROAD DEPOTS. 



F the various railways starting from or terminating in New York city only three have their depots 
proper in the city ; all the others, excepting the Long Island roads, starting or arriving at the New 
Jersey side of the Hudson river, across which passengers are conveyed by ferryboats. 
The following are the principal railroads running out of New York, and the location of their 
passenger depots : 

BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD.— Depot at Jersey City. Ferry from foot of 
Liberty street. 

CENTRAL RAILROAD OF NEW JERSEY.— Depot at Jersey City. Ferry from foot of 
Liberty street. 

DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD (MORRIS AND 

ESSEX). Depot at Hoboken. Ferry from foot of Barclay street or Christopher street. 

ERIE RAILROAD (N. Y., L. K. & W.) — Depot at Jersey City. Ferry foot of Chambers 
street or West 23d street. 

HARLEM RAILROAD.— See New York and Harlem. 

HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD.— See New York Central and Hudson River Railroad. 

LONG ISLAND RAILROAD. — Depot at Hunter's Point. Ferry from East 34th street. 

MORRIS AND ESSEX RAILROAD. — See Delaware, Lackawanna and Western. 

NEW JERSEY CENTRAL RAILROAD.— See Central Railroad of New Jersey. 

NEW JERSEY SOUTHERN RAILROAD.— Depot at Sandy Hook. Steamer from foot 
of Rector street. 

NEW JERSEY AND NEW YORK RAILROAD.— Depot at Jersey City. Ferry foot of 
Chambers street and West 23d street. 

NEW YORK CITY AND NORTHERN RAILROAD.— Depot at 155th street. Six/A 

Avenue Elevated Road. 

NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD.— Grand Central 
Depot. This depot is the largest and finest passenger station in America, and is located on Forty- 
second street and Fourth avenue, opposite the Grand Union Hotel. It is used jointly by the New 
York Central and Hudson River Railroad, the Harlem Railroad and the New York, New Haven 
and Hartford Railroad, with the connections of the latter branching all over New England. 

NEW YORK AND HARLEM RAILROAD.— Grand Central Depot. 

NEW YORK, NEW HAVEN AND HARTFORD RAILROAD.— Grand Central 

Depot. 
NEW YORK AND NEW ENGLAND RAILROAD.— Grand Central Depot. 

NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILROAD.— Depot at Weehawken. 
Ferries from foot of Jay street or West 42d street. 

PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD. — Depot at Jersey City. Ferries at foot of Cortlandt street 

and Desbrosses street. 
PHILADELPHIA AND READING RAILROAD.— Depot at foot of Liberty street. 

WEST SHORE RAILROAD. — Depots at Jersey City and Weehawken. Ferries from foot of 
Jay street and West 42d street. 



7'^> 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



--js" FAVORITE ROUTE FOR BUSINESS AND PLEASURE TRAVEL."i^- 

|lie WeW Yoiil^ Genti^al aqd Hudson I^iVei' ^Wmi 

j&_ Is recognized by experienced travelers as without a rival for Easy Kidini;\ Lux- 
virions Slttpi7tg Cars, Elegant Dining Cars, East and Regular Service 

-BETWEEN- 

NEW ] ORK OR BOSTON and BUFFALO, NIAGARA FALLS, 

DETROIT, CLEVELAND, TOLEDO, CHICAGO, CINCIN- 

NA TI AND ST. LOUIS, V/ITII DIRECT CONNECTIONS 

NORTH, UEST, SOUTHWEST AND NORTHWEST. 




ROUTE OF THE FAMOUS WAGNER VESTI- 

BLLED NEW YORK, CHICAGO, CINCINNA TI 

Ai\D ST. LOUIS LIMITED. THE FASTEST 

AVD MOST LUXURIOUS TRAIN IN THE 

WORLD. 

THE DIRECT AND POPULAR NIAGARA FALLS ROUTE. 

AH trains stop ten minutes at Falls View Sta- 
liou on the vereg of, and overlooklnj the great 
cataract and the rapids above and below the Falls. 

({2^"The New Passenger Cars, Parlok Cars, 
Sleepin-g Cars, Dining Cars, and Buffet 
Smoring Cars now in use on the New York Cen- 
tral and Hudson River Railroad and its connections, 
the Michigan Central Railroad, the Lake Shore and 
Ml higan Southern Railroad and the Bee Line, are 
unequaled in elegance of finish and racdern appli- 
ances to promote the comfort of passengers. 

For tickets, information respecting through fares, 
time of trains, connections, etc., apply at following 
offices of the company : 

IN new YORK CITY, 

413, 7'iS, 942 Jiroadway, 1 Baftet-;/ I'larc, 12 
FarK rUtce, 03 West I'iSth St., ISSth St. Station 
or Grand Central Station. 



M. C. ROACH, 

Gen" I Eastern Passenger Agent, 
413 Broadway, N. Y. 



IN BROOKLYN, 

33:i Wa.sliiiiffton 
St., 730 I'liltoti 
St., or 398 1U<1- 
ford A-venwe, 



E. J. RICHARDS, 

Ass^t Gen' I Passenger Agents 
Grand Cent'l Station, N. Y. 



-^iYhe: grand central srATlONi^ 



On Forty-second Street, at which all New York 
Central Trains Arrive and Depart, is in the 
Heart of the City and Convenient to Hotels 
AND Residences. 



For the Convenience of Uptown Resi- 
dents, ALL Express Trains, F.XCEPTING 
THE " LIMITED," also stop at the New 
Uptown Station on 138TH Street. 




highlands of HUDSON RIVER. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



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So Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



CHURCHES. 




I VERY denomination of the Christian religion is represented in New York city, and visitors need be 
at no loss where to go on Sunday, unless it be from the difficulty of deciding which par- 
ticular church to attend among so many. 
There are about 400 different church buildings in the city, varying in seating capacity from 200 to 
2000 persons and averaging between 600 and 700, or an aggregate of nearly 250,000. The combined 
value of the churches is $60,000,000. 

On Sunday, services in the Protestant churches begin in the morning, generally at 10.30 ; in the after- 
noon at 3.30, and in the evening at 7.30. The Roman Catholic churches celebrate high mass and vespers 
at about the same hours. 



Baptists. 



The Baptists have 43 churches, including those of the French, Swedes, Germans, Africans, and other 
nationalities. 

FIFTH A VENUE CHUR CH is at the corner of West Forty-sixth street. Dr. Armitage 
is the pastor. 

MADISON AVENUE CHURCH \^ at the comer of East Thirty-first street. Dr. 
Bridgman is pastor. 

EPIPHANY is at Madison avenue and Sixty-fourth street. Dr. Elder. 

CAL VAR Y CHUR CH, on West Fifty-seventh street, is ministered to by Dr. MacArthur. 

FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH, at Broome and Elizabeth streets, is a Gothic building of 
rough stone. 

TAPER NA CPE, on Second avenue, near Tenth street, is an attractive Gothic building, near 
St. Mark's. This was once the leading Baptist church in America, in Dr. Edward Lothrop's day, but 
having run down, it was on the verge of being sold for a synagogue, until it was revived and beautified by 
its present pastor, the Rev. Dr. D. G. Potter, largely aided by contributions from the leaders of the 
Standard Oil Company. 



<So9(5re<5atio9alists. 



There are 8 Congregational churches in the city. 

TAPERNA CPE, at Sixth avenue and Thirty-fourth street, is a handsome Gothic temple, with 
elaborately carved pulpit and organ-screen. Dr. W. M. Taylor is pastor. 

On lower Madison avenue there are two Congregational churches, at East Forty-fifth street and East 
Forty-seventh streets. 



Upiuersalists. 



The Universalists maintains four churclies. 

CHURCH OF THE DIVINE PATERNITY, Dr. Eaton, at Fifth avenue and 
Forty-fifth street, was for many years ministered to l>y Dr. E. H. Chapin. It has towers 185 feet high. 



AVashington Inaugural Centennial. 



^pi3eopalia9. 



There fire 76 churches of this .sect in New York, of which the following may be distinguished : 

TRINITY CHUR CM, on Broadway, at the head of Wall street, is the richest parish in America, 
having revenues of $500,000 a year. It was founded in 1697, receiving from the English Government a grant 
of its present site, outside the north gate of the city, to which in 1705 was added Queen Anne's Farm, includ- 
ing the territory along the river from Vesey street to Christopher street. Much of this great domain 
remains in the possession of the parish. Other singular resources were added to Trinity's store. It received 
a fund raised for relieving Christian slaves out of Salee ; was granted all wrecks and drift-whales on the 
island of Nassau ; Jewish citizens contributed for its spire ; and the Widow Hellegard DeKay loaned it 
;[^400. Communion services were given by William and Mary, Queen Anne, and King George. Among 
the rectors were Dr. Vesey, for 50 years ; Dr. Barclay, from 1746 to 1764 ; Dr. Auchmuty ; Bishops Pro- 
voost, Moore and Hobart ; Dr. Hobart. When the Revolution broke out, the clergy were Royalist ; and 
the patriots closed the church, which was burned down in 1776, and rebuilt in 1788. The present church 
dates from 1846, and is a noble Gothic structure, with a rich gray interior, carved Gothic columns, groined 
roofs, and the magnificent marble and mosaic altar and reredos, erected by his family as a memorial to the late 
William B. Astor. The church is usually open all day long, throughout the week, with morning and even- 
ing prayers at 9 A. M. and 3 P. M.. and imposing choral services on Sunday. The parish spends enormous 
sums annually in charities. Upjohn, the greatest of American architects in the Gothic style, devoted 
seven years to building Trinity. It has an elaborate chancel service of silver, presented by good Queen 
Anne. Its spire, 284 feet high, commands a wide and wonderful view, and contains a melodious chime 
of bells. 

ST. Pa UL o, at Broadway and Vesey street, was built in 1764-66, and faces away from Broad- 
way, and was attended by Washington. It is a chapel of Trinity parish. The interior is quaint and old- 
fashioned to a degree. At mid-aisle, on the Vesey street side, the site of the pew of Washington is marked 
with his initials. The organ was brought from England long years ago. Dr. Auchmuty used to read 
prayers for the king, in the chancel, until the drummers of the American garrison beat him down with the 
long roll in the centre aisle. 

Among those buried in St. Paul's churchyard were Emmet and MacNeven, Irish patriots of '98 ; Gen. 
Richard Montgomery, the brave Irish-American, who was killed in storming Quebec ; John Dixey, R. A., 
an Irish scul])tor ; Capt. Baron de Rahenan, of one of the old Hessian regiments : Col. the Sieur de 
Rochefontaine, of our Revolutionary army ; John Lucas and Job Sumner, majors in the Georgia Line and 
Massachusetts Line ; and Lieut. -Col. Beverly Robinson, the Loyalist. 

TRINITl CHAPEI is a brown-stone Gothic church, on Twenty-fifth street, close to Madison 
Square. The inside walls are ol Caen stone, with tiled floors, and rich stained windows. Dr. Swope is 
rector. 

ST. jOHjSf o is a venerable sandstone chapel of Trinity parish, with a deep portico, on St. 
John's Park, where the great New York Central freight station now stands. Dr. Weston is rector. 

.5"^ A UG USTINE S, in Houston street, near the Bowery, is a handsome Queen Anne chapel 
of Trinity, with industrial schools, guilds, and mission house. Dr. Kimber is in charge. An illuminated 
crystal cross on its lofty spire indicates when services are being held. The bell was cast in 1700, and pre- 
sented by the Bishop of London, in 1704. 

GRA CE CHUR CH looks down Broadway from Tenth street, and is a very sumptuous and 
ornate edifice of marble, with a lofty marble spire. The interior is rich in delicate carvings, lines of stone 
columns, forty stained-glass windows, etc. Renwick built the church in 1845. Dr. Huntington is rector. 
You should visit the beautiful little chantry, opening off the south aisle, which was erected by Catherine 
Wolf's bounty. 

CAL VAR Y CHUR CH., at Fourth avenue and Twenty-first street, is a cathedral-like stone 
structure, with a rich and spacious interior, great transepts, and clustered Gothic columns. It dates from 
1847. 



82 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



•5"^ Cr£ OJ^ G/^ S, on Slnyvesant square, is an immense Byzantine structure of brown-stone, 
with lofty twin-spires, a rich chancel, and brilliant polychromatic interior. It is " Low " church, and the 
rector is W. S. Rainsford. The elder Dr. Stephen H. Tyng was for many years rector here. 

ST". JSTARK .Vis a quaint old church, at Second avenue and Stuyvesant place, with many mural 
tablets, and the tombs of Petrus Stuyvesant, the last Dutch governor ; Col. Slaughter, one of the English 
governors ; and Gov. Tompkins. From the adjacent churchyard, A. T. Stewart's body was stolen, by 
night. On the site of St. Mark's Gov. Stuyvesant built a chapel, near his quaint yellow-brick house, over 
two centuries ago. 

CHURCH OF THE HOLY SPIRIT, at Madison avenue and Sixty-ninth street, 
designed by R. H. Robertson, is famous for its fine wood-carvings. 

ST. BARTHOL OME ]V S ^X Madison avenue and West Forty-fourth street, has a sumptu- 
ous richness of brilliant colors and gold, and stained windows, arcades and round arches, and polished 
granite pillars. 

ST. jAJ\lES\ on Madison avenue, corner of Seventy-first street, is one of the most elegant in 
the denomination. The new edifice is but a few years old, but it is admired for its graceful exterior and 
its exquisite interior decorations. 

CHURCH OF THE HEAVENLY REST, at 551 Fifth avenue, Rev. D. Parker 
Morgan, rector, and Rev. E. W. Babcock, assistant, contains polished red and gray granite pillars, with 
immensely costly capitals, in carved roses and lilies ; frescos of Fra Angelico's seraphs ; richly carved roof- 
timbers, and brilliant windows. This is one of the so-called " Low " churches. 

SI. I CrJVA I J US, 56 West Fortieth street, opposite Bryant Park, is High-church and ritualistic, 
with a rich and almost Roman service, largely choral, and a fine marble altar. Arthur Ritchie is rector. 

ST. MAR Y THE I^IR GLVi<i a ritualistic church, at 22S West Forty-fifth street. 

ANTHON MEMORIAL CHUR CH, 139 East Forty-eighth street, Heber Newton, rector. 

ST. THOMAS, at Fifth avenue and West Fifty-third street, is in Early English Gothic, with its 
seven-sided chancel adorned with a magnificent group of paintings by John La Farge, representing the 
Adoration of the Cross, with sculptures by Augustus St. Gaudens. The church cost $750,000. 

CHURCH OF THE HOLY Ti^T^V/rK at Madison avenue and Forty-second street, 
was the place of the younger Dr. Stephen H. Tyng's labors for many years. It is Low-church in its forms. 



presbyti^riaQ. 



Including the Reformed and the United wings, the Presbyterians have 55 churches. 

FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, on Fifth avenue, near Eleventh street, is a 
handsome stone building. 

MADISON SQ UARE CHUR CH\s a neat brown-stone structure. Dr. Parkhurst is pastor. 

LRICA. CIi UR CH, at Fifth avenue and Thirty-seventh street, with a lofty soire, was for 
many years the scene of Dr. Spring's labors, and belongs to the oldest of the Presbyterian societies, for- 
merly on Beekman street. Dr. Vandyke is pastor. 

UNIVERSITY PLA CE CHUR CH, at Tenth street, is of stone, with a spire 1S4 feet high. 

MURRA Y HILL CHURCH, 135 East Fortieth street, was the Rev. Dr. Burchard's. 

CHURCH OF THE COVENANT, at Thirty-fourth street and Park avenue, is a 
Lombardo-Gothic temple. 

FIFTH A VENUE CHUR CH, at 708 Fifth avenue, corner of West Fifty-fifth street, is an 
enormous Gothic structure, with a spire of great height. It cost $750,000. Dr. John Hall, the celebrated 
English divine, is the pastor. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. S;^ 



\\o(T\2T) ^Satf^olie. 



There are 60 Roman Catholic churches in New York, representing a vast population, as each has 
several different congregations on each day of worship. Several of the churches are Oerman, Polish, 
French, etc. 

ST. PATRICK S CATHEDRA L is the greatest and most magnificent church in the 
United States. It was projected in 1850 by Archbishop Hughes, and the plans drawn by James Renwick. 
The corner-stone was laid in 1858, in the presence of 100,000 persons ; and May 25, 1879, the Cathedral 
was dedicated by Cardinal McCloskey. It has cost over $2,000,000. It is in thirteenth-century decorated 
Gothic, like the Cathedrals of Amiens, Cologne, York and Exeter ; and the material is fine white marble. 
It is a Latin cross, 306 feet long, and 120 feet wide (140 at transepts), and 108 feet high, with a noble 
clerestory upheld on long lines of clustered marble columns, and carrying a lofty and richly ornamented 
ceiling. On each side of the front gable (which is 156 feet high, or taller than most of tlie steeples of 
America), the carved and pinnacled spires are to be carried to a height of 328 feet, when this huge 
marble mountain, uplifted on the highest point of Fifth avenue, will be a landmark for leagues. The 70 
windows (37 of which are memorial) are of rich stained glass, and were made at Chartres, France, at a cost 
of $100,000. That in the south transept shows forth the life of St. Patrick ; that in the north the life of 
the Blessed Virgin. The main altar is 40 feet high, of Italian marble, inlaid with gems, and bas-reliefs 
of tlie Passion ; and on one side is the great Gothic throne of the archbishop. The altar of the Holy 
Family, of Tennessee marble and Caen stone ; of the Blessed Virgin, of curiously carved French walnut ; 
of the Sacred Heart, of bronze ; of St. Joseph, of bronze and mosaic — are all of great interest and artistic 
merit. High mass is given at 10.30 A. M., on Sunday, and vespers at 4 P. M.. The Cathedral is open 
every day of the week. Seats in the centre may be had at High Mass for 25 cents (on the sides for 15 
cents), tickets being procured from the verger near the main entrance, inside. 

ST. PA UL THE APOSTLE., at Sixtieth street and Ninth avenue, pertains to the cele- 
brated preaching Order of Paulists, whose monastery adjoins it. It is an immense and sombre pile of gray 
stone, with an ascetic interior, singularly devoid of ornament, but impressive from its great size. The 
main portals are flanked by statues of the saints. 

SI. PAJRJCA. o, at Mott and Prince streets, erected in 1815, and with a very spacious 
interior, was formerly the Cathedral. 

CHURCH OF THE MOST HOLY REDEEMER (German), at Third street 
and Avenue A, is a rich Byzantine building, with lofty roof, costly altar, and a spire 265 feet high. 

ST. STEPHEN S, on East Twenty-eighth street, near Third avenue, is celebrated for its 
beautiful music. This was the church of the famous Dr. McGlynn. 

ST. ERANCIS XA J LER is on \Yest Sixteenth street, near Sixth avenue. Father Frisbee. 

ST. ANJV'S is at 112 East Twelfth street. 

ST. MAR Y'S is at 438 Grand street. 

ST. VLNCENT DE PA UH S is a I>rench cliurch, on West Twenty-third street. 



Ffeformi^d X^wX.^. 



There are 24 churches and chapels of this denomination. 
COLLEGLATE MLDDLE REFORMED CHURCH, at Fourth street and Lafa- 
yette place, built in 1839, has a handsome marble pulpit and a fine interior. 

OTHER REFORMED CHURCHFS are on Fifth avenue, at Twenty-first, Twenty- 
ninth, and Forty-eighth streets. The latter is a rich and florid Gothic building of brown-stone, with 
colored windows, many high gables, and flying buttresses. 



y^ Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



/T^etf^odist 

There are 66 Methodist churches in New York, 5 of which are German, 6 African, i Swedish, and i 
Welsli. 

[OHN STREET CHURCH is the cradle of American Methodism, which began in 1776, 
when' Philip Embury preached to four persons. Two years later, the society bought this site, and built 
the Wesley Chapel, replaced in 1S17 and in 1841 by larger churches. The clock now there was presented 
by John Wesley, and the society has other precious relics of the early days. 

ST. PAUL'S, at Fourth avenue .ind East Twenty-second street, is a handsome white stone 
structure, in Romanesque architecture, with a spire 210 feet high. 

ST. L UKE'S is at 108 West Forty-first street. 

ASB UR Y CHUR CH is at 82 Washington square. 

LEX IN G TON A VENUE CHUR CH is at East Fifty-second street. 

iJ9itariaQ5. 

This sect support 2 churches, widely known by reason of their illustrious pastors. 

ALL SOULS' CHURCH, at Fourth avenue and East Twentieth street, is a quaint red- 
and-white Byzantine editice, in the style of the media;val Italian churches, in which the late Dr. Bellows 
preached for many years. Dr. Williams is pastor. 

CHUR CH OF THE MESSIAH at I'ark avenue and East Thirty-fourth street, on 
Murray Hill, is a spacious and handsome structure, with a beautiful portal. Robert Collyer is pastor. 

There are 30 synagogues and temples, with strange Oriental names and ritual, and many smaller shrines. 

TEMPLE EMANU-EL, at Fifth avenue and West Forty-third street, is a picturesque pile 
of Oriental architecture, erected at a cost of $650,000, and rich in delicate detail work, carvings, and 
color. The interior is dazzling in its brilliancy. 

Smaller Sects of every conceivable character have churches or meeting places in various localities. 
Some of these are : 

CATHOLIC y^ Z' (9 .VrCZ/C 128 West Sixteenth .street. 

CHRISTIAN ISRAELITES, loS First street. 

REFORMED EPISCOPAL, Madison avenue and Fifty- fifth street. (Dr. Sabine,) 

NEW JERUSALEM, 114 East Thirty-llfth street. (Mr. Seward.) 

REFORMED CATIIOIIC 79 West Twenty-third street. 

j\f ORA V IAN, 154 Lexington avenue. 

FRIENDS, 124 l-'ast Twentieth street, 43 West Forty-seventh street, and East Fifteenth street, 
and Rutherford place. 

Z UTHERAN', 216 East Fifteenth street. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 85 



gAr^I^S AND SQUAr^ES. 



p-p-ivj/yVTj Ay p A p Xf ^'■"^ '""*•- ueautiliU and popular puulic domain in America, only thirty 
Iv /\i\.iV, ygars ago was a dreary region of swamps, thickets and ledges, disfigured 
with heaps of cinders and rubbish, and dotted with the squalid shanties of degraded squatters. Since then 
a paradise has been created here, by an outlay of upwards of $15,000,000. Winding lakelets and velvet 
lawns have succeeded the gloomy swamps, splendid driveways curve around the picturesque rocky knolls, 
footpaths meander through the groves and thickets, and fine architecture and monuments of art are seen on 
every side. The Park extends from 5gth street to iioth street (over 2 5^ miles), and from Fifth avenue to 
Eighth avenue (over yi mile), covering 862 acres, of which 185 are in lakes and reservoirs and 400 in 
forests, wherein over half a million trees and shrubs have been planted. There are 9 miles of roads, 5^ 
of bridle paths and 28^ of walks. The landscape architects of the Park were Frederick Law Olmstead 
and Calvert Vaux. Upwards of 12,000,000 people visit the Park every year, half of them on foot. 

The best way to get a general idea of this great pleasure ground is to take one of the large public 
Park carriages, at the entrances on Fifth avenue and Eighth avenue. The fare to Mount St. Vincent, in 
the northern part, and return, is twenty-five cents. 

In the southwest part of the Park is the Ball Ground, a ten-acre lawn, where the boys may play 
cricket, base-ball or tennis ; and adjoining it on the northeast is the Carrousel, for young children, with 
swings and other means of amusement. Close by is the Dairy, affording milk and light food for the little 
ones. Beyond is the Green, or Common, a lawn of sixteen acres, made picturesque by grazing sheep, and 
thrown open to the people on Saturday. In the southeast part is the Menagerie, around the old castel- 
lated Arsenal building, and with many cages for animals, birds, a house full of monkeys of various kinds, 
bear-pits, with amiable-appearing ursine dwellers, and many other wild creatures, whose movements are 
watched by thousands of visitors daily. In winter, when several circuses board their animals here, the 
resident population is augmented by sundry lions, tigers, bisons, leopards, camels, hippopotami and other 
rare and interesting sojourners. 

The Mall is the chief promenade, nearly a quarter of a mile long and 208 feet wide, bordered by 
double rows of American elms, with the Green on one side and a bold, rocky ridge on the other. Here 
are the statues of Scott, Shakespeare, Burns, Fitz-Greene Halleck, the colossal Beethoven bust, and other 
artistic memorials. Beyond the Music Pavilion, #here band music is given on pleasant Saturday after- 
noons, is the Terrace, a sumptuous pile of light Albert-freestone masonry, with arcades and corridors and 
rich carvings of birds and animals. Below is the Lower Terrace, an ornamental esplanade, in which 
stands the famous Bethesda Fountain, designed by Emma Stebbins, and made at Munich, and represent- 
ing a lily-bearing angel descending and blessing the outflowing waters. Close by extends the Lake, 
twenty acres of winding water, devoted to public pleasure boats in summer and skating in winter. This 
part of the Park is reached direct from the Seventy-second-street station of the Third avenue or Sixth 
avenue Elevated railroads. Beyond the Lake is the Ramble, a delightful labyrinth of footpaths amid 
thickets, rocks and streams. Farther on rises the Belvedere, a tall Norman tower of stone, overlooking 
the Park and the suburbs of New York, the Palisades, Long Island, Orange Mountain and Westchester 
county. Next come the great reservoirs of Croton water, vast granite-walled structures containing 
1,200,000 gallons of water. The American Museum of Natural History is on the left, on Manhattan 
Square, a kind of annex to the Park, between Seventy-seventh and Eighty-first streets and Eighth and 
Ninth avenues. The Metropolitan Museum of Art is on the right, near Eighty-second street. 

Beyond the reservoirs extend the North Park, with the carriage concourse on Great Hill ; the North 
Meadow, of 19 acres ; Harlem Meer, covering 12^ acres, and overlooked by ancient fortifications ; and 
the deep ravine of M'Gowan's Pass, from which Leslie's British light infantry drove the Continental 
troops in September, 1776. Just beyond, on the plains of Harlem, the Maryland line came to the rescue 
of the retreating \'irginians and Connecticut Rangers, and drove the British back, witli heavy losses. 



86 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



^^ OTTkT^ -D A T? T^ occupies the high l)ank of the Hudson, from 72d to 130th street, three 
i\.l\ JrV-Koi-L'-tV r AivK. jj^iie^ long, and averaging 500 feet wide, with 17S acres of land, much 
of which has been improved by landscape gardening. A magnificent driveway, cut into four broad sec- 
tions by curving ribbons of lawns and trees, sweeps over the hills and along the edge of the blulT, afford- 
ing very charming views of the Hudson river, Weehawken, Guttenburg, Edgewater, the Palisades and 
upper Manhattan. On a noble elevation near the north end of the Park is the brick tomb in which Gen. 
Grant's body was temporarily laid, with imposing ceremonies, August 8, 1885. You can look through the 
latticed door and see the flower-laden receptacle in which the remains of the great hero are placed. Near 
the tomb is the old Claremont mansion. Visitors who want to see Grant's tomb only can go up on the 
Sixth avenue Elevated to 125th street, and thence go west on I22d street and Riverside avenue. Those 
who wish to ride through the whole park, with its lovely views of Weehawken and beyond, can take Park 
coaches (twenty-five cents) from the Elevated station at Ninth avenue and Seventy -second street. Around 
this wonderfully beautiful strip of park, it is said, will be the patrician residence quarter of the New York 
of the twentieth century. 

Among the other public grounds of the great metropolis we may mention a few of the most important. 

-P^ . ,^,^^ ^^ (The) is the oldest park in the city. It covers twenty-one acres at the seaward end of 
J^-^ J- J- -tv-K. 1 ^j^g island, with trees, lawns and walks, and a fine promenade around the sea wall. 
Here stood the Battery erected by the Dutch founders of the city ; and in later days the aristocratic houses 
of the city fronted on its lawns. Sir Guy Carleton's British army embarked here on November 25, 1783, 
a date still celebrated as Evacuation Day. On one side is Castle Garden and on another the United 
States Revenue Barge Office. Here the Elevated Railways terminate. There are beautiful harbor views 
from the sea wall. In July, 1776, the British frigates Rose and Phoenix, with their decks protected by 
sand-bags, ran by the roaring Battery and up the Hudson, firing broadsides on to the town. 

r^-n -r^-r^AT ^^ ^^^^ ^°°'^ "^ Broadway, is a little oval park, with a weary fountain in 
IJW VV J-v-LiN vj IjiViJ/lJ/iN , jjg centre, and surrounded by ocean steamship offices, foreign con- 
sulates, etc., and the great Produce Exchange, Washington building and Standard Oil Company's build- 
ing. On the site of the Washington building, in 1760, Archibald Kennedy, the Collector of the Port, 
built a large house, which afterwards became the headquarters of Lords Cornwallis and Howe and Sir 
Henry Clinton and George Washington. Here also Talleyrand made his home. No. 3 Broadway was 
Benedict Arnold's dwelling. At No. 11, on the site of Burgomaster Kruger's Dutch tavern, was General 
Gage's headquarters, in the old King's Arms Inn. The Green was a treaty ground with the Indians, the 
parade for the Dutch train bands and a cattle market. In 1732 it was enclosed " for the beauty and orna- 
ment of said street, as well as for the delight of the inhabitants of this city." The present iron fence 
dates from 1 770, and was formerly capped with round balls, which were knocked off and used as cannon 
balls by our artillery in the Revolution. In 1626, soon after Peter Minuit, first (Jovernor of New Nether- 
lands, had arrived in the ship Sea Mew, and bought the island of Manhattan from the natives for $26, he 
built here Fort Amsterdam, a block-house surrounded by a cedar palisade. Seven years later it was 
enlarged by Wouter Van Twiller and garrisoned by 104 rotund Dutch soldiers. This site is now occupied 
by the block of six old-fashioned brick buildings south of the square. On the site of the Produce Ex- 
change, in 1633, Wouter Van Twiller built the first church on Manhattan and a house for his good Dutch 
dominie. On the site of the fort a stately lonic-porticoed mansion was built in 1790 for the Presidential 
palace, and became the official residence of Governor George Clinton and John Jay. In 1815 it was replaced 
by the Bowling Green block. No. 39 Broadway was the site of the first European dwelling on Manhat- 
tan, Iniilt in 1612 by Ilendrick Christiaensen, the agent of the Dutch fur-trading company, who built 
here four small houses and a redoubt, the foundation of the present great city. Christiaensen was killed 
by an Indian afterwards, this being the first murder on record in the province. In July, 1776, to cele- 
brate the Declaration of Independence, the people came down here in vast crowds and knocked over the 
equestrian statue of George III., which was melted into bullets to assimilate with the brains of the adver- 
sary. The great fire of 1776, which destroyed the greater part of New York, began near Whitehall Slip, 
and swept over the city on a strong south wind, while the angry British garrison bayonetted mary of the 
citizens and threw others, screeching, into the sea of flame. Chancellor Livingston lived en lower Broad- 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 87 

way, in a house hung with Gobelin tapestry and rare paintings, with a $30,000 dinner service of solid 
silver and a rural palace at Clermont, up the 1 [udson. 

TT A AT/^A TT^t:> O/^TT A D T^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^ comer of Pearl and William streets, with an elevated rail- 
-^"^-'-^^ ^ -C/-tN- Ov^ U -TxiVJj^ j.Q^j station, and is now the centre of the wholesale cotton trade in 
America. On one side is the old Cotton Exchange, and on another side is the imposing new Cotton 
Exchange. Hereabouts, a century or more ago, were the mansions of the Beekmans, Hamersleys, Gouv- 
erneurs, Hoffmans and Van Homes. And here Admiral Digby entertained Prince William Henry, after- 
wards William IV. of England. About Hanover Square, in 1800, dwelt a community of French emigres 
— De Neuville, La Rue, De Riviere and others ; and the famous General Moreau, some time commander 
of the army of the Rhine and Moselle, banished by Napoleon, who, after dwelling here for seven years, 
joined the Allied armies in Europe, and was killed at the battle of Dresden by a cannon shot, aimed by 
Napoleon himself. 

.^ . .^^^^^-^ . near Hanover Square, has recently been made by filling up the 

Jl^AWJNi^i ii^ FAKK, ancient Coenties Slip. 

/^XT A T^TLT A 1\ T O/^TT A TD T^ ^^ ^^ intersection of Chatham street. East Broadway and the Bow- 
^-'^■'^ ■'- -n.-^-'-'-L OV^vJi^lvJJ/, gj.y^ jj. ^j^g concurrent point of several elevated and horse railways, 
and one of the most crowded and busy localities in this roaring metropolis. A hundred years ago the 
marshes hereabouts were so pestilent that their owner, Rutgers, declared "the inhabitants lose one-third 
of their time by sickness." 

^^ _j. . y -I- T) \ "D T7' ^'^^''^rs about eight acres, partly bounded by resounding Broadway and 
V^i 1 X n/xlvJ-v i: ri-iViV ^j^g newspaper-abounding Park Row, and contains the City Hall, 
Court House and other well-worn public buildings. Here, also, fronts the United States Post-Office, a 
mountain of granite. Before the Revolution it was an open field, in the country, where the people used 
to assemble for great popular demonstrations. 

T^n A TVTTT'T TAT O/^TT A T) T^ ''^^ minutes' walk east of City Hall .Square, down I>ankfort 
^ -tvAiNI JS-ivii\ O^ U AK-i:!/, street, used to be a hillock between the Swamp and the East River. 
It has the Brooklyn Bridge on one side and the great Harper's publishing house on another, and is roofed 
over by the elevated railway trestles. At Cherry street and Franklin Square Walter Franklin, the great 
Russian merchant, built a palace, which became the Presidential mansion, where Washington held his 
court and gave his brilliant receptions. 

■D-D TAT^TMr^ TTnTTQ-R^ QPUT A I? T? J'"' ^^'^ "^ ^^'"^ ^'^^ ^^^^^' ^""''^"'^ "'°'* °^ ^^"^ S^^^^ 
J^K-llN iilNLx jnUUD-d, C5V^Ui\iS.rV, newspaper offices, the Tribune, Times, Sun, World, 

News, Journal, Mail and Express and many others, with scores of famous and widely influential weekly 

papers. Here the great presses thunder on, night and day, printing their varied editions ; reporters flit to 

and fro with "copy;" and the wonderful New York newspapers are made up, with all their teeming 

freightage of battle and murder and sudden death, lectures, political leaders and the annals of the passing 

day. 

TTATT/^AT C/^TT A "D T?- "^^ °- 1^^^'^ °^ ''^^''^^ ^""^^ one-half acres, with fountains, trees, statues of Lin- 
U JN iUJN 0\2 U -AKxlrf ^.qJ^ ^,^j Washington, electric lights and other bravery, between Fourteenth 
and Seventeenth streets and Broadway and Fourth avenue. All around are hotels, restaurants, theatres, 
shops and offices, the centre of an ever busy and picturesque life. Its northern part is an open plaza for 
parades, with a platform for speakers or reviewing officers. 

\\T A QTTTMr TOM QniT A T? P ''^'''' ^^^'^ ^''"""^ ^'^'"'' '' "" ^^'^ °^ "'"^ ^"''' °''"P^' 
VV/lorlii\U-i WIN O^U/lIvrV, ing the site of the old Potter's Field, wherein more than 

100,000 human bodies were buried. 



88 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



-rvTOr^AT C/^TT A r> "C*' ^°'^^''^ ^'^ acres, between Broadway and Madison avenue and Twenty- 
MADioUlM O^ U AK.±!/ i^j-^j^^j ^^^^ Twenty-sixth streets, and has lawns and trees, statues of 
Seward and Farragut, and a tall electric light tower. Around it are stores, huge hotels, restaurants and 
famous club houses. It is the central point of the life and splendor of upper New York. 

^ _^ T) A T) XT' one and one-half acres, between Twentieth and Twenty first streets 
^-^-'^-^^^-'-'-^^ ^ J: -TVivrv, ^j-jj Third and Fourth avenues, a part of the old Gramercy farm, is a 
private plaisauncc^ around which are the homes of many old families — John Bigelow (No. 21), Cyrus W. 
Field (123 East Twenty-first street), David Dudley Field (64 Park avenue), MaxStrakosch and others. 
Here was the palatial home of the late Samuel J. Tilden (No. 15). 

^^ ^^^ . ,^^ „ P on a part of the old Stuyvesar.t farm, covers four acres, 

O 1 U 1 V iVoAiN i oy U AK.IJ/, between East Fifteenth and Seventeenth streets, with the tall 
twin spires of St. George's overlooking it. In this vicinity dwell Hamilton Fish (ex-Secretary of State), 
Sidney Webster, Jackson S. Schultz, Russell Sturgis, Richard H. Stoddard (the poet), William H. 
Schieffelin, the Rutherfords, the Stuyvesants and other well-known persons. The square has rich and 
luxuriant foliage and lawns, the local paradise for the dwellers in the adjacent crowded tenement regions 
of the East side. 

T^/^T\ TT>X^TTVTC C/^TT A "D ^:^ '^^^'^''^ ^^^'^ acres of lawns and greenery, between East Seventh and 
i vyiVix iS^ilN O Ov^ U/xivHv fej^th streets and Avenues A and B, surrounded by one of the most 

overcrowded tenement regions of the East side. 

AT^T^ T) A T) XT' '^ ^ pleasant open space, between Fortieth street and Forty-second street and 
Jjlv 1 i-li\ 1 X iT.-LVJV •^\y^^ avenue and the Reservoir, which received its present name in 1S84, in 
honor of William Cullen Bryant. On this site the world-renowned Crystal Palace stood in those far-away 
days before the war. It is now a favorite resort of West side children. 

MOT? IVTXrP mD"P P A "R "K" ^ long-drawn and nearly unimproved public ground of forty- 
lviwivi\ii\ Vjol-L'i-/ X rxlviv, seyen acres, extends from lioth street to 123d street, near Tenth 
avenue, and has a costly and far-viewing driveway. It lies on the east, or morning, side of the ridge 
which separates Harlem plains from the Riverside Park and Hudson River. 

^ l\/rrMD"DTC Cr^TTATDT?' ^^''^o'^"'^^ ^ bold, rocky hill, by which even the lordly 
MOUJNI 1 MOKKio oyUAKJJv Fifth avenue is stopped, in the environs of Harlem. It 
abounds in maples, tulip trees, oaks, etc. ; and from the plaza near the fire alarm tower, on the crest of 
the hill, a broad view is enjoyed. 



■ .^>^^J^. ■ 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 89 



Excliapges aijd Boards of Trade, 



There are a number of these in New York, but the three most interesting to visitors are the Stock 
Exchange, Produce Exchange and Consolidated Exchange. 

STOCK EXCHANGE is on Broad street, near Wall street. The stranger should not fail to visit the 
gallery of the Exchange between the hours of ten and three. As the name would indicate, the busi- 
ness of the Exchange is the purchase and sale of stocks, bonds and securities. The manner in which 
the brokers transact business is most amusing and extraordinary, and, to the uninitiated, appears to 
consist of incoherent shouting and violent gesticulation, to which no one seems to pay the least atten- 
tion. When the market is active, the scene is as though pandemonium had broken loose. A seat in 
the Exchange now costs twenty-five or thirty thousand dollars. The building is of white marble, and 
the great hall is handsomely frescoed. The visitors' gallery is entered from Wall street. 

PRODUCE EXCHANGE is, perhaps, the most imposing and impressive building in New York. It is 

at the foot of Broadway and fronts on Bowling Green, and is in rich Italian Renaissance architecture, 
of brick, with a copious use of terra cotta, in medallions, the arms and names of the States, and pro- 
jecting galley-prows. Above its uppermost long line of round arches rises an immense campanile, 
covering forty by seventy feet and 225 feet high, richly decorated, and nobly dominating lower New 
York and the bay. The building is 307 by 150 feet in area, and 116 feet high ; and the main hall is a 
noble one, 220 by 144 feet, and 60 feet high. From the visitors' gallery you may look down on the 
3000 members of the Exchange (organized in 1861, and the largest in the world), and see and hear 
their fierce bargaining. The scene resembles a pitched battle between walls, and without cavalry. 
Near the gallery are the sumptuous library and reception rooms. Go to the superintendent of the 
building and get a pass (without charge) to ascend the tower. The climb is made luxuriously by eleva- 
tor ; and from the summit you see a magnificent and unrivaled bird's-eye view of lower New York, 
the bay, Staten Island, the shores and blue mountains of New Jersey. Brooklyn and Long Island. 
"Not the White Tower, nor the Colonne Napoleon, nor Bunker-hill Monument offers anything 
equal to the urban, rural and marine scenery presented to the vision." The building rests on 15,437 
piles made of sturdy Maine and Nova Scotia trees. It was planned by George B. Post, and erected 
between 1881 and 1884. It is entirely fireproof. The flag flying from its tower is the largest ever 
made, covering fifty by twenty feet. There are nine passenger elevators. The money vault con- 
tains 1300 safes, and is defended by seven alternate layers of iron and steel. The Exchange cost 
$3,179,000. "Harper's Magazine " for July, 1886, has a thirty-page illustrated article describing 
this vast institution. 

CONSOLIDATED STOCK AND PETROLEUM EXCHANGE was organized in 1875. under the 
title of the New York Mining Stock Exchange, and has since consolidated with it the American Min- 
ing Stock Exchange, the National Petroleum Exchange, the Miscellaneous Security Board, and the 
New York Petroleum Exchange and Stock Board. Its growth has been constant. Three years 
since the Exchange began dealing in the prominent stocks of the country, and now does nearly as 
much business in this line as the Stock Exchange. During the year 18S7 it sold an average of 
60,000 shares a day. A clearing system has been adopted which reduces risk to a minimum, only a 
very small amount of m.oney being needed to effect balances. This is one of the most animated 
exchanges for a stranger to visit, as the fluctuations in oil are considerable, the activity is great, and 
the noise and hubbub indescribable. On the i6th of April, 1888, the Exchange moved into its hand- 
some new building on Broadway, Exchange place and New street. The Broadway frontage is ninety- 
one feet ; Exchange place, 132 feet, and New street, eighty-seven feet. The basement is fifteen feet 
high, and forms the first story on New street, being above the level of that thoroughfare ; the main 
story is thirty-six feet, and above are four ofifice floors. The main story is entirely devoted to the 
Exchange, giving nearly 10,000 square feet of space, and is well ventilated and lighted. The building 
is open from 10 A. M. to 3 p. m., visitors being admitted to the gallery during those hours. 



90 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 

MERCANTILE EXCHANGE has a new Inick and granite l)uilding at Hudson and Harrison streets, 
with a tall tower. There are 800 members, deahng in luitter, cheese, eggs and groceries. 

COTTON EXCHANGE has a new and imposing seven-story building of yellow l^rick on Hanover 
Square, south of Wall street. It cost .fi, 000,000. 

COAL AND IRON EXCHANGE is a vast and massive building at the corner of Cortlandt and New 
Church streets, the headquarters for dealings in these great commodities. 

AMERICAN HORSE EXCHANGE is at Broadway and Fiftieth street. 

COFFEE EXCHANGE is at 141 Pearl street. It has ovfer 300 members, and sometimes 100,000 l)ags 
of coffee are sold here in a day. 

GROCERS' EXCHANGE is at Wall and Water streets. Tea and sugar are the chief commodities sold. 

MARITIME EXCHANGE is in the Produce Exchange building. Open from eight to five (exchange 
hours, eleven to three). Marine and commercial news, reading room, library etc. 

METAL EXCHANGE is at Pearl street and Burling slip. 

REAL ESTATE EXCHANGE is at 57 Liberty street. 

AMERICAN EXCHANGE, 309 Greenwich street. 

AMERICAN REAL ESTATE EXCHANGE, i Broadway. 

BREWERS' EXCHANGE, corner of Worth and Chatham streets. 

CATTLE EXCHANGE, Broadway and Thirty-eighth street. 

DISTILLERS' WINE AND SPIRIT EXCHANGE, 19 South William street. 

ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING EXCHANGE, Duncan Building, corner Nassau and Pine streets. 

FOREIGN FRUIT EXCHANGE, 64 Broad street. 

HARDWARE BOARD OF TRADE, 6 and 8 Warren street. 

MANHATTAN STOCK EXCHANGE, 69 New street. 

MECHANICS' AND TRADERS EXCHANGE, 14 Vesey street, near Broadway. 
MILK EXCHANGE, 22 North Moore street. 

NEW YORK NAVAL STORE AND TOBACCO EXCHANGE, 113 Pearl street. 

NEW YORK BOARD OF TRADE AND TRANSPORTATION, Bryant Building, 55 Liberty 
street. 

NEW YORK FURNITURE BOARD OF TRADE, Bowery and 150 Canal street. 

NEW YORK PETROLEUM EXCHANGE AND STOCK BOARD, is Broadway. 
NEW YORK REAL ESTATE AND TRADERS' EXCHANGE, 76 and 78 Broad street. 

STATIONERS' BOARD OF TRADE, 97 and 99 Nassau street. 
SUGAR EXCHANGE, 87 Front street. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 91 



ospitals, Dispei^saries, Monies, etc, 



'^^^^^ LL over the city there are hospitals and dispensaries, where the sick and aihng are treated and 
^H^A cared for. If the patient be poor, no charge is made; if able, he is expected to pay a mod- 
■^ ^ erate sum. New York is peculiarly blessed in this most noble form of charity, and many of 
these institutions have attained a degree of excellence in management and comfort in appointments which 
render them more desirable as places in which to take refuge during illness than almost any private house 
or home. This is especially true of the New York, St. Luke's and Roosevelt hospitals, where, by paying a 
reasonable sum, the best medical attendance, diet and nursing may be had. Any visitor in the city, or any 
person living in a hotel or boarding house, should not be deterred by old-time prejudice from increasing 
his comfort and chances of recovery by removing at once to a first-class hospital, away from the noise and 
inattention incident to an illness in a boarding house. The medical visitors to these hospitals comprise the 
very best talent in the city, but to enumerate them would be impossible within the limits of this work. 
Many celebrated specialists give up a portion of their time to several hospitals or dispensaries as visiting 
surgeons or physicians. 

In many of the hospitals, for §5000 the donor and his successors have the privilege of nominating the 
occupant of a bed for all time. Frequently a bed is thus endowed in memory of some dead friend or 
relative, whose name it bears. Such a monument is more beautiful and enduring than any work of the 
sculptor's chisel. 

There are also a great number of benevolent societies for the care of the blind, deaf and dumb, in- 
sane, aged, orphaned, indigent poor and friendless, of every sort and description. Many millions are 
annually spent on these charities. 

gLOOMINGlDaLE ^SYLUM FOR THE INSSNE, at Boulevard and One Hundred and 
Seventeentli street, on Washington Heiijhts, is a palatial brown-stone building, erected mainly in 
1S21, amid charming grountls of forty-five acres. Only paying patients are received. 

IMSTITUTIOM for the DEHF flMt) Dumb, at Fanwood (One Hundred and sixty-second 
street), Washington Heights, is richly endowed, and has tliirty-seven acres of grounds. It was 
founded in 1816, and educates 250 jnipils, the course being eight years. Open daily, 1.30 to 4 i'. M. 

Institution for the ^LINID, at Ninth avenue and west Thirty-fourth street, has a granite 
(iotliic building. It was founded in 1831. Blind children are educated here, in letters and useful 
arts. Open to visitors, i to 6 r. ^r. daily. 

0ELLEVUE rjOSPITBL, entrance foot of Twenty-sixth street. East river. Established November, 
1826. Contagious diseases not admitted. The cost of sustaining the institution is about §100,000 
per annum. The medical management is vested in a medical board, who meet on the last day of 
every month to assign from their own number the visiting stafif to the several divisions. Rules of 
the United States Military Hospital for the in.spection of the wards are followed. Admission of 
patients (between 10 A. M. and 3 r. m.) is procurable upon the recommendation of a physician; 
accidents and sudden illness, at any lime of day or night. Hours for visitors, from 11 A. M. to 3 p. M. 

Orphan CjSYLUM, at Riverside Park, was founded about 1S07, in a small hired house below City 
Hall Park. Its property is now worth ft, 000, 000, and 200 orphans are in its charge. 



92 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 

(HEW yORK jyOSPITSL (Fifteenth street, near Fifth avenue) is a great, many-balconied, brick 
building, with ornamental Gothic gables. The institution was founded by the Earl of Dunmore, 
in 1771; and its ancient seat, between Duane and Church streets and Broadway, was vacated in 
1870, the present building being opened in 1877. Ward patients pay $1 a day. 

pT. IjUKE'S I^OSPITSL, at Fifth avenue and Fifty-fourth street, was founded in 1S50 by the 
Rev. W. A. Muhlenberg, and has an oblong parallelogram of buildings, with wings, and a central 
chapel flanked with towers. It is attended by Episcopal nuns, and the form of worship is Episco- 
palian; but patients are received without regard to sect. 

(VjOUNT pINSI yOSPITSIa, at Lexington avenue and East Sixty-sixth street, is a noble Eliza- 
bethan pile of biick and marble, admirably equipped, with nearly 200 free beds. It cost $340,000, 
and was erected by Jewish New Yorkers, but is non-sectarian. 

pRESBYTERIHN rjOSPITSL, at Madison avenue and East Seventieth street, founded by James 
Lenox, who also established the magnificent Lenox Library, is a handsome Gothic building, dating 
from 1872. 

(JaNCER yOSPITSL, The (sIEW yORK (there is but one other in the world), is on Eighth 
avenue, near One Hundred and Fifth street. It was founded in 1884, with an endowment of 
$200,000 from John Jacob Astor, $50,000 from Mrs. Gen. Cullom, and $25,000 each from Mrs. 
Astor, Mrs. R. L. Stuart and Mrs. C. H. Rogers. 

ULD Jj?lDlE5' jyOME, of the Baptist Church, on Sixty-eighth street, near Fourth avenue, is a 
spacious semi-Gothic building in the form of the letter H. 

i\OOSEVELT r30S^^'^^''jj ^^ Ninth avenue and Fifty-ninth street, richly endowed Ijy the late 
James H. Roosevelt, is an admirably arranged and spacious pavilion hospital, opened in 1871, and 
accommodating 180 patients. 

Among the other beneficent institutions of New York are: 

Actors' Fund, 12 Union square. Bethany Institute for Woman's Christian Work, 69 

American Dramatic Fund, 1267 Broadway. Second avenue. 

American Veterinary Hospital, 141 West Fifty-fourth Bible and Fruit Mission, East Twenty-sixth street. 

street. Bread and Beef House, 139 West Forty-eighth 
Artists' Fund Society, 6 Astor place. street. 

Association for Befriending Children and Young Catholic Protectory, at Fordham. 

Girls, 136 Second avenue. Catholic, for 200 Chambers Street Hospital, 160 Chambers street. 

vagrants. Chapin Home for the Aged and Infirm, 151 East 
Association for the Improved Instruction of Deaf- Sixty-sixth street. 

Mutes, Lexington avenue and Sixty-seventh Charity Organization Society, 21 University place. 

street. Children's Aid Society, 24 St. Mark's place. 

Association for the Relief of Respectable Aged In- City Mission Society, 306 Mulberry street. 

digent Females, Tenth avenue and One Hun- Colored Home and Hospital, First avenue and 

dred and Fourth street. Founded 1814. Sixtv-fifth street 

Asylum for Lying-in Women, 139 Second avenue. ^^{^^^^^ q , ^^^ Asylum, Tenth avenue and One 

Founded 1823. . 

,,.,,. 1 Ti 1 i,r , -ni • . Hundred and Forty-third street. 300 beneli- 

Asylum of St. Vincent de Paul, 215 West Thirty- ..„,,„ 

ninth street. For 150 orphans. c^^ries. Founded 1837. 

Baptist Home for Aged Persons, Fourth avenue and ^'^y Nursery and Babies' Shelter, 143 West Twen- 

Sixty-eighth street. tieth street. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



93 



Emergency Hospital, 223 East Twenty-sixth street. 
Female Assistance Society, 2S8 Madison avenue. 
Five-Points House of Industry 155 Worth street. 
Five-Points Mission, 61 Park street. 
Foundling Asylum, Sixty-eighth street, near Third 

avenue. 
Free Home for Destitute Young Ciirls, 47 West 

Eleventh street. 
Friends' Employment Society, Rutherford place. 
Grace Memorial House, 94 Fourth avenue. 
Hahnemann Homoeopathic Hospital, Fourth avenue, 

near East Sixty-seventh street. 
Harlem Hospital, 27 West One Hundred and 

Twenty-fourth street. 
Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society, 

Tenth avenue and West One Hundred and 

Thirty-sixth street. 
Home for Aged Hebrews, One Hundred and Fifth 

street, near Tenth avenue. 
Home for Aged Men and Women, One Hundred 

and Sixth street, near Ninth avenue. 
Home for Colored Aged, foot of East Sixtv-hfth 

street. 
Home for Convalescent, 433 East One Hundred and 

Eighteenth street. 
Home for Deaf-Mutes, 220 East Thirteenth street. 
Home for Fallen and Friendless Girls, 49 West 

Fourth street, 
Home for Incurables, 54 West Eleventh street. 
Home for Inebriates, Madison avenue and Eighty- 
sixth street. 
Home for Mothers and Infants, Tenth avenue and 

West Sixty-first street. 
Home for Old Men and Aged Couples, 4S7 Hudson 

street. 
Home for Sailors, 190 Cherry street. 
Home for the Aged Poor, 231 West Thirty-eighth 

street, and 179 East Seventieth street. 
Home for the Friendless, 32 East Thirtieth street. 
Home for Women, 273 Water street, 260 (jreene 

street. 
Home of Industry for Reformed Men, 40 East 

Houston street. 
Hospital New York College of Veterinary Surgeons, 

East Fifty-eighth street, near Fifth avenue. 
Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled, Lexington 

avenue and Forty-second street. 
House of Industry, 120 West Sixteenth street. 
House of Mercy, West Eighty-sixth street. 
House of Rest for Consumptives, at Fordham. 
House of the Good Shepherd, East Eighty-ninth 

street. 
Howard Mission, 56 Rivington street. 



Infant Asylum, Tenth avenue and East Sixty-lirst 
street. 

Institution for the Blind, Ninth avenue and Thirty- 
fourth street. 

Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, Tenth avenue 
and One Hundred and Sixty-second street. 

Institution of Mercy, 33 East Houston street. 

Juvenile Asylum, Tenth avenue and One Hundred 
and Seventy-sixth .street. 

Ladies' Helping Hand Association, 160 West Twen- 
ty-ninth street. 

Leake and Watts Orphan House, Ninth avenue and 
One Hundred and Eleventh street. 

Magdalen Asylum, Eighty-eighth street, near Fifth 
avenue. 

Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital, 103 Park avenue. 

Masonic Board of Relief, Masonic Temjile. 

Medical Mission, 81 Roosevelt street. 

Methodist Episcopal Home, 255 West Forty-second 
street. For aged and infirm. 

Metropolitan Throat Hospital, 351 West Thirty- 
fourth street. 

Midnight Mission, 260 Greene street. For fallen 
women. 

New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, Second avenue 

and Thirteenth street. 
New York Infirmary for Women and Children, 5 

Livingston place. 

New York Ophthalmic Hospital, 201 East Twentv- 
third street. 

Nursery and Child's Hospital, Lexington avenue 
and Fifty-first street. 

Olivet Helping Hand, 63 Second street. 

Orphan Asylum (Catholic), Fifth avenue and Madi- 
son avenue, between Fifty-first and Fifty-second 
streets. 1200 children. 

Orphan's Home (Episcopal), Forty-ninth street, near 
Lexington avenue. 

Peabody Home for Aged Women, West Farms. 

Presbyterian Home for Aged Women, Seventy-third 
street, near Madison avenue. 

St. Barnabas Home, 304 MuUierry street. 

St. Elizabeth Hospital, 225 West Thirty-first street. 

St. Francis Hospital, 605 F"ifth street. 

St. John's Guild, 8 University place. 

St Joseph's Orphan Asylum, Avenue A and Eighty- 
ninth street. 

State Charities Aid Association, 21 University place. 

Trinity Hospital, 50 Varick street. 

Women's Christian Temperance Home, 440 East 
Fifty-seventh street. 

Women's Hospital, Fourth avenue and Forty-ninth 
street. 

Young Women's Home, 27 Washington square. 



94 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



Mrt Gkl-leries. 



No city has larger or more noteworthy collections of modern art-works than the city of New York, 
Visitors should not fail to enjoy spending a few hours in one or more of our important galleries. 

Metropolitan Ma§ear7 of Art, in Central Park, near Fifth avenue and Eighty-third street. 
Open free every day except Monday and Tuesday, when admission is twenty-five cents. A great collection 
of Dutch and Flemish pictures and other European works of art. The first movement towards founding 
the Museum was made in 1869, and for some years its collections were kept in rented buildings down town 
(Fourteenth street). The present fireproof brick and granite modern-Gothic building was dedicated in 1880 
by the President of the United States. It is 218 by 95 feet in area, and new structures are being built in 
connection, so that in time it will be one of the greatest art-museums in the world. Space fails to tell of 
the beauties of these varied and extensive collections, numbering many thousands of pieces. Pamphlet cat- 
alogues are for sale at the door, for ten cents each, one for the Loan Collection of Paintings, one for the 
Old Masters, one for the Cesnola Collection, etc. The pleasure of a visit will be much heightened by their 
aid. A long rainy day can be profitably and charmingly spent at the Museum. In the West-entrance Hall 
are many fine pieces of statuary, Beer's medallion of Michael Angelo, the Apollo Belvedere, Hiram Power's 
"California," " George Washington," "Alexander I. of Pussia," Roncanelli's " Rose of Sharon," Alba- 
no's " Thief " from Dante's " Inferno," Mozier's " Rizpah," Fisher's " Goethe," McDonald's " Gen. Han- 
cock," Schwanthaler's " Dancing Girl," Marochetti's " Washington," Houdon's "Franklin," Conelly's 
" Thetis ; " and many fine works by Barye, Barbedienne, Thorwaldsen, Reinhart, Canova, Launt Thomp- 
son, ^i'a/j., loaned l)y tlieir owners. Here also is the Poe Memorial, presented to the Museum by the 
actors of Nov/ York. On the southwest stairway is a collection of forty-three water-colors by William T. 
Richards of New England and White Mountain scenes. The great hall contains many pieces of the famous 
Cesnola collections, from Cyprus, and various other interesting collections of rare objects of art. In the gal- 
leries are the collections of gold jewelry and Greek and Phoenician glass from the Cesnola treasure-trove, and 
Japanese, Egyptian and Oriental porcelain and antiquities. Among the art-treasures in the western galleries 
are many of Kensett's exquisite landscapes, Gifford's and Durand's masterpieces, Frfere's Oriental scenes, 
Couture's " Decadence of Rome," Maignan's " Outrage at Anagni," Madrazo's portrait of Robert L. 
Stuart, Bonnat's portrait of John Taylor Johnston, Meyer von Bremen's genre pictures, Granet's " Bene- 
dictines," Hellquist's great Swedish historical scene, Wylie's " Death of a Vendean Chief," William M. 
Hunt's " Boy and Butterfly," Marr's " Mystery of Life;" landscapes by Cropsey, Inness and Breton; 
Bough ton's famous " Judgment of Wouter Van Twiller," Schreyer's Arab scenes, and many other noble 
and almost priceless works of art. The East Gallery is devoted to pictures by the old masters — Baroccio, 
Albani, Titian, Correggio, Tiarini, Caravaggio, Tintoretto, Tiepolo, Sassoferrato, Bordone, Andrea del 
Sarto, Ghirlandajo, Rembrandt, Rubens, Jordaens, Hals, Van Dyck, Cuyp, Wouverman, Ostade, Teniers, 
Terburg, Breughel, Ruysdael, Steen, Velazquez, Murillo, Copley, Stuart, Trumbull, Jarvis, Etty, Lely, 
Poussin. Rubens's " Return of the Holy Family from Egypt " was painted on wood for the Jesuit Church 
at Antwerp, and after the suppression of the Jesuits, in 1777, passed to London. His " Lions Chasing 
Deer " came from Cardinal Fieschi's collection. Many other pictures in this remarkable collection have 
romantic histories, extending over centuries. Rosa Bonheur's "Horse Fair," purchased at the Stewart 
sale for fifty-nine thousand dollars, has been presented by Cornelius Vanderbilt ; and the magnificent 
collection of paintings bequeathed to the museum by the late Catherine Wolf and Mr. George I. Seney's 
munificent gifts have also been added. 

Isei20x Isibrarvj's Fictare Gallerv] (Fifth avenue and Seventy-first street), has about 150 
fine paintings, including Munkacsy's " Blind Milton Dictating Paradise Lost to his Daughters," Turner's 
" A Scene on the French Coast " and " Fingal's Cave," Horace Vernet's " Siege of Saragossa," Gainsbor- 
ough's " A Romantic Woody Landscape," Andrea del Sarto's " Tobit and the Angel," Delaroche's " The 
Field of Battle," Church's " Cotopaxi," Thomas Cole's "Expulsion from Paradise," Bierstadt's " Yo 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 95 

Semite." Sir Joshua Reynolds' portraits of Edmund Burke, Kitty Fisher, and Mrs. Billington ; portraits 
by Leshe, Stuart, Newton, Trumbull, Inman, Peale, Copley, Daniel Huntington, S. F. B. Morse, Healcy, 
Pine and others ; and original paintings of dogs by Landseer ; sheep by Verboeckhoven ; landscapes by 
Mulready, Constable, Kensett, George L. Brown, Durand and Ruysdael ; and calssical subjects by Sir 
David Wilkie. The statuary includes Crawford's " Sleeping Shepherd Boy " and " Children in the Wood," 
Rauch's ' Victory," Powers' " La Penserosa," Ball's " Abraham Lincoln," Sir John Steele's " Sir Walter 
Scott," Trentanove's " Napoleon " etc. 

Societv] of An2ericsii2 Artists, was instituted in the summer of 1877, by a few of the 
younger American artists who had for some time the project under consideration. Feeling that the taste 
for art was ^.trong enougii among the art-loving public of the city to take interest in and support an insti- 
tution in addition to the Academy of Design, they determined upon its formation. Some of the best 
known of the artists belonging to the National Academy, and who liked the enterprise and energy of the 
new society joined its ranks. Its objects are to afford to artists a second exhibition to that of the 
Academy, where they may display their canvases, and to encourage social intercourse between artists of 
similar views and ideas. All artists who agree with the principles of the society and with its objects are 
eligible for election, and are elected by a simple majority vote. The society holds an annual exhibition. 
William M. Chase, president, 51 We'-t Tenth street ; W. A. Coffin, secretary. 

Arr^ecicafp Water Goior Socieiv] rooms are at 51 West Tenth street, was organized in 
the autumn of 1866. Its objects are the furthering of the interests of painting in water colors, the hold- 
ing of an exhibition where the works of its members may be displayed and sold, and the bringing 
together of artists who paint themselves and are anxious for the further development of painting in water 
colors. The members are divided into resident and non-resident, but the latter are allowed to contribute 
to the exhibitions. Any recognized artist who paints in water colors is eligible for election, which is by 
ballot at a regular meeting of the society. Two negative votes exclude. Annual exhibitions are held in 
the Academy of Design in January of each year. The water color exhibition is now an important event 
of the year in the art world. The ofhcers are J. G. Brown, president ; Henry Farrar, secretary. 

oocietv] of Decorative Art at 28 East Twenty-first street, was instituted February 24, 
1877, by five persons. It was formed for the establishment of rooms for the exhibition and sale of 
women's work, the diffusion of a knovvlege of decorative art among women, and their training in artistic 
industries. According to the last annual report, the society has the names of 3910 contributors of work 
on its books. All articles sent for sale must pass the committee on admission and, if accepted as being 
up to the required standard, are exhibited in the sales-room free of charge. When sold, ten per cent is 
deducted from the price received. The society is constantly extending its usefulness in an educational 
direction to women and children During the past year instruction has been given in free-hand drawing, 
modeling, plain sewing and fine needle work, wood carving, practical designing and light metal work, at 
the society's free studios, 37 and 39 West Twenty-second street. These free classes, under the auspices 
of the society, are in charge of a special committee, and supported by a distinct fund raised for the pur- 
pose. The society is governed by a Ijoard of twelve managers, from whom the ofiTicers, except the secre- 
taries, are elected. The officers are Mrs. William T. Blodgett, president ; Mr. George C. Magoun, treas- 
urer ; Miss M. A. Stimson, secretary. 

National Aca^en^v] of Desigip, at Twenty-third street and Fourth avenue, is a study in 
dark-blue stcme and white Westchester marble of thirteenth-century Gothic architecture, forming a peculi- 
arly lovely and artistic facade. The great exhibition galleries, on the third floor, are reached by an impos- 
ing oak and marble staircase ; and here are held exhibitions of paintings for two months every spring. 
The carved capitals of the colum.ns were careful studies from leaves and flowers. The anvil-wrought 
iron-work is remarkable for its finish and strength. Notice the beautiful Gothic entrance and drinking 
fountain. Daniel Huntington is president of the National Academy, and T. Addison Richards is 
secretary. The National Academicians (N. A.) are chosen annually from the Associates (A. N. A.) 



q6 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



M-rr^ericsii^ Pift >A.550CiatiOi2 An association for the promotion and encouragement of art, 
with liandsome galleries at 6 East Twenty-third street. Two exhibitions, spring and autumn, are held 
each year. The president is JoseiDh F. Sutton; vice-presidents, T. E. Kirby and R. A. Robertson ; sec- 
retary, Miss Catherine Timson. 

NeW Y°''k WistoKical oocietv], 170 Second avenue, corner of East nth street, has in its 
gallery 1000 pictures, many of them by the old masters, and 100 pieces of statuary. This magnificent 
collection, the finest in America, is unfortunately sealed against the public, except such as secure an 
introduction from members of the Society. 

OsiKOijv] 5, the famous photograpli gallery at 37 Union Square, has a rare and interesting collection 
of weapons, armor, pictures, statuary, and other bric-a-brac, quite worthy of a visit. 

Art r\OOrr25 ai^O Art otores are numerous, and many should be visited, to see the fine 
modern paintings, etchings, bronzes, etc. Knoedler's (formerly Goupil's), Fifth avenue and Twenty-sec- 
ond street ; Avery's, 86 Fifth avenue ; Schaus', Fifth avenue, near Twenty-sixth street ; Kohn's, 166 
Fifth avenue ; Cottier's, 144 Fifth avenue ; Sarony's, 37 Union Square ; Keppel's (rare engravings and 
etchings), 23 East Sixteenth street. 

r riVate Lxallenes of the Vanderbilts, Belmont and Hilton, are very rich in fine paintings, but 
may not be visited by strangers unaccredited. 

rTOyyrT2ai2 rtouse, in its bar-room, parlors, and rotunda, has several of the finest and costliest 
art-works in Amsrica, including pictures by Correggio and Bouguereau, a large Gobelin tapestry, and 
other pieces. It is often visited by ladies. 

JYLaoarr7e / roVost, on West Twenty-seventh street, opposite the Victoria Hotel, exhibits rare 
Persian bric-a-brac, armor, embroideries, plaques, etc. 

otaoios of artists occupy the Sherwood Building, Sixth avenue and Fifty-seventh street ; 
the Studio Building, 51 West Tenth street, between Fifth and Sixth avenues, and the Fourth avenue 
Studio Building, Fourth avenue, corner of Twenty-fifth street. There are also many studios in 
the Young Men's Christian Association Building, Fourth avenue and Twenty-third street ; the Studio 
Building, Broadway and Twenty-eighth street ; the Rembrandt, West Fifty-seventh street, near Seventh 
avenue ; the Holbein, 139-145 West Fifty-fifth street, and No. 108 West Fifty-fifth street. In the Sher- 
wood are the studios of Bolton Jones, Deluce, Fredericks, Beckwith, Granville Perkins, Curran, etc. In 
the Rembrandt are the Gififords and Sartain, and Junius Henri Browne, the literarian. Many of the 
artists have regular reception days, when visitors are made welcome. 



HRT SOHOOL-S. 



Art Sct^ool of Gooper tli^io 9, Third avenue and Seventh street. 

Art Sct^ool Datioipal A-Csiberrj^ of Design, Fourth avenue and Twenty-third street. 

Art Stu^e9t5' Iseagae, 3S West Fourteenth street, under C. R. Lamb's presidency. 

Scl^ocl of Ji^Sastrial Art, for women, 251 West Twenty-third street. 

Won^eip's J Institute of Sed^i^ical Desigi^, 124 Fifth avenue. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 97 



CLUBS AND SOCIETIES. 



THESE are not as numerous in proportion in New York as they are in London, but, notwithstanding 
the fact that several clubs have died from inanition within a few years, the increased membership 
in desirable clubs seems to indicate that club life is growing in favor in New York. The following is a 
list of the principal clubs and societies : 

Union League Club house, at Fifth avenue and West Thirty-ninth street, was built in 1879-S0, at 
a cost of $400,000, with sumptuous lialls, dining-room, art gallery, library, billiard-room, cafe, etc., 
decorated by Louis Tiffany, John LaFarge and Franklin Smith. The club has 1500 members. 
The entrance fee is $300, and the annual dues $75. It was organized in 1S63, as a union of 
gentlemen devoted to ' ' absolute and unqualified loyalty to the Government of the United States 
to resist and expose corruption, and promote reform in National, State and municipal 
affairs; and to elevate the idea of American citizenship." 1 1 raised and equipped several regi- 
ments for the National armies during the Secession war. This is the most elegant club-house 
in America. 

Union Club, at Fifth avenue and Twenty-first street, is a social and non-political club, ranking among 
the first in New York. The club-house is a fine brown-stone building owned by the club, and ad- 
mirably adapted to its uses. The membership is limited by the constitution to 1000, and at present 
there are 1000 full members and 11 life members, thus filling the list. There are also 42 Army 
and Navy members. Candidates for membership must be proposed and seconded by two members, 
and their names posted in the club-house for ten days. Election is by the Governmg Board of 24 
members, one black ball in ten excluding. The entrance fee is $300, and the annual dues are $75, 
payable May ist. Officers of the Army and Navy are exempt from the yearly dues. The clul) 
was organized in August, 1S36, and the presidents have been Chief-Justice Jones, Com. John C. 
Stevens, Gov. John A. King, Moses H. Grinnell, William M. Evarts, William Constable and, at 
present, John J. Townsend. 

Authors' Club, at 19 west Twenty-fourth street, decorated by Francis Lathrop, is the haunt of the 
leading men of letters in the great metropolis. Among its members are Curtis Eggleston, Stedman. 
Stoddard, Bunner, Matthews, Boyessen, Godwin, Hay and James. In the same building is tlie 
hall of the New York Fencing Club (see Century Alagazine, January. 18S7J. 

GROLIER Club (64 Madison avenue) contains fifty bibliophiles, and studies Ijookbinding, extending, 
fine printing, paper making, etc., as arts. 

New York Athletic Club, founded in iSeS, is the leading society of the kind in America. It 
has a four-story building at Sixth avenue and Fifty-fifth street, with Ijowling. billiards swimming 
tank, gymnasium, cafe, parlors, reading-room, etc. The grounds and boat-houses are at Travers 
Island. There are 2000 memljers. 

Manhattan athletic Club, 524 Fifth avenue, has a sumptuous double house of brown-stone 
for its home, with cafe, billiard, chess and card-rooms, reading-room, and great \Aealth of statuary, 
paintings, velvet carpets, gymnasium, etc. Their athletic grounds and cinder track are at Eighth 
avenue and Eighty-sixth and Eighty-seventh streets. The club was founded in 1877. 

Lotos Club, at Fifth avenue and Twenty-first street, is a social organization, with monthly art recep- 
tions in its handsome brown-stone building. It includes many authors, artists, actors, etc. Admis- 
sion, $200 ; annual dues, $50. There are 500 members. 

Century Association, at 109 East Fifteenth street, is for the advancement of literature and art, 
and has a fine library and picture gallery. Six hundred members. 

A MERIC AN Jockey Club, 22 west Twenty-seventh street. This is one of the most prominent racing 
associations in America. Tlie club liouse is at Jerome Park, where many of the grandest eques- 
trian contests of modern times have taken place. 



98 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 

Caledonian Club, handsome sand-stone building at Clreenwich avenue and Thirteenth street 
(Jackson square). Foundeil in 1S56, as a social and athletic society for Scotchmen. 

Calumet Club, 3 west Thirtieth street. Young society men. 

Canadian Club, 12 East Twenty-ninth street. Founded 1SS4. 

Coney Island Jockey Club, This is the most progressive and popular racing association in this 
country. It was organized in 1879, and has the finest race track in America, at Sheepshead bay. 
The meetings are held in June and September of each year. The Futurity Stakes, the richest in 
the world, are decided on this track. The rooms are on Fifth avenue, corner of Twenty-second 
street. Leonard W. Jerome is president and J. G. K. Lawrence, secretary. 

Down Town Club, 50 pine street. 500 members. 

HARMONIE Club, in a handsome building at 45 West Forty-second street. Three hundred and sixty 
German members. Founded in 1852. 

The Lambs Club, Twenty-sixth street, near Sixth avenue, largely composed of actors. The late 
Lester Wallack officiated for some years as the Shepherd. 

Merchants' Club, io8 Leonard street. Founded 1S72. Two hundred members. 

New York Press Club. The Press Club was instituted in December, 1872. Active membership 
is limited to those employed on the public press of the city and vicinity, to city correspondents of 
papers abroad, and to "gentlemen engaged in literary pursuits other than that of journalism." 
Honorary members may be chosen without regard to these qualifications. Election to active mem- 
bership is by a two-thirds vote of the members present at a meeting ; to honorary membership by 
a unanimous vote. The initiation fee is $25, and the dues $1 per month. The club has its rooms 
at 120 Nassau street, where it has a parlor, a commodious work room, a good library and a bil- 
liard room. 

New York Southern society includes many eminent Southerners, now domiciled in New York. 

Racquet Club, sixth avenue and Twenty-sixth street. Two courts. Four hundred and fifty 
members. 

KIT-KAT Club, at 23 East Fourteenth Street, is composed of artists. 

Knickerbocker Club, at Fifth avenue and Thirty-second street, is a very aristocratic society of 350 
members. 

Lawyers' Club. Following the example of the merchants in the dry-goods district, the lawyers 
have formed a down-town club, which is located in the Equitable building. The rooms extend the 
whole length of the Pine street wing, and front eighty feet on Broadway. There are a library, 
smoking-room, kitchen, dining-room and private dining-room. Those connected with this under- 
taking are among the lawyers of highest reputation in the city, and it is expected to make this a 
general meeting-place for the profession, while at the same time giving the comforts of a club. 

Manhattan Club has a fine brown-stone building at Fifth avenue and Fifteenth street. It was 
founded in 1865 to advance Democratic principles. 

St. Nicholas Club, 413 Fifth avenue, was founded in 1875, as a social organization of descendants 
of the New York families, prior to 1785. Three hundred members. 

St. Nicholas Society, founded in 1835, for descendants of old New Yorkers before 17S5, has 
famous dinners, and includes the old aristocracy of the city. 

SOROSIS is a woman's club, founded in 1868, and now with 350 members. Meets twice a month at 
Delmonico's. 

University Club, Madison avenue and Twenty-sixth street (old Union League Club house). 
Founded in 1865. For former students at college. West Point or Annapolis. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 99 



Tammany society was founded in 17S9, to inculcate love of America, with an aboriginal ritual, 
intended to conciliate the hostile Indians, and to antagonize the aristocratic Cincinnati. William 
Mooney was the first Grand Sachem. The members, in Indian costume, received the Sachems of 
the Creeks from Carolina. 

Yacht Clubs '^'^^ Larchmont, New York (57 Madison avenue), American (574 Fifth avenue), 
Seawanhaka (Tompkinsville), and ATLANTIC (Bay Ridge), are the chief yacht clubs of the city. 

Rowing Clubs include the Atlanta, Nassau, Gramercy, Columhia College and New York 
Athletic, which have their boat-houses along Harlem river, near Third avenue. 

Bicycling Clubs, The New York Bicyling Club, founded in 1879, has rooms in Fifty-ninth street, 
near the Park. The Citizens' Bicycling Club is at 26 West Sixtieth street, where they have the 
best club-house for the purpose in America. Several smaller clubs are in existence. There are 
upwards of 1200 bicycles in the city, and great numbers in Brooklyn and other adjacent muni- 
cipalities. 

Ohio Society of New York, 236 Fifth avenue. 

American Chemical Society, university Buikung. 

American Ethnological Society, 60 waii street, it dates from 1S42, and Albert c.Mmn 

was its first president. 

American Geographical Society owns a building at no. n west Twenty-ninth street. 

Founded in 1852. One thousand five hundred fellows. Chief Justice Charles P. Daly is presi- 
dent. It has 20,000 volumes and 8000 maps. 

AMERICAN METROLOGICAL SOCIETY, East Forty-ninth street. 

American Microscopical Society, 12 East Twenty-second street. Founded iseg. 
American Numismatic and Arch^ological Society, 45 university place. 
American Philological Society, 36 cooper union. 
New York Genealogical and Biographical Society, 64 Madison avenue. 
New York Horticultural Society, 26 west Twenty-eighth street. 

Masonic Temple (sixth avenue and Twenty-third street) is a massive and simple building of gray 
granite, erected at a cost of over $1,000,000. The ground floor is devoted to business, the second 
floor to the Grand Lodge hall, the third and fourth to lodge and chapter rooms. 

Odd rELLOWS Hall, at Grand and Centre streets, is a singular looking and massive structure, built 
about the year i860, and containing many decorated lodge rooms. There are about 100 lodges. 

Young Men's Christian Association, at Fourth avenue and Twenty-third street, has a spacious 
and stately Renaissance building (erected in i86g) of New Jersey brown-stone and yelluw Ohio 
marble ; with library (35,000 volumes), gymnasium, lecture rooms. It is open from 8 A. M. to lo- 
P. M. (Sundays, 2 to lo), and strangers are made very welcome. It aims to improve the spiritual, 
mental and physical condition of young men by evening classes, sociables, prayer meetings, Bible 
classes, music, entertainments, etc. There are seven branches. 

Young Women's Christian Association, in East Fifteenth street, near Fifth avenue, is a 

handsome building of red brick and rock-faced Belleville stone, with a pyramidal roof of red Akron 
tiles, and abundant tiling, terra-cotta, oaken wainscots, stained glass, etc. Inside are rich parlors, 
a large chapel, employment rooms, a large library (10,000 volumes), and free schools for type-writ- 
ing, bookkeeping, short-hand, dress-making, wall paper designing, modelling, etc. 

The association was founded in 1871, and has 180 members. R. H. Robertson erected the build- 
ing in 1886, at a cost of $125,000, to which John Jacob Astor gave $30,000, and the three Yander- 
bilt daughters (Mrs. Sloane, Mrs. .Shepard and Mrs. Twombly), $45,500. 



loo Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



UIBRKRieS. 



Free EirCUlating is intended to become to New York what the Public Library is to Boston, except 
that it will be composed of many separate collections, in different parts of the city. Andrew Carnegie, 
John Jacob Astor and others have lately given considerable sums for this purpose. The branches now in 
operation are at 49 Bond street (13,000 volumes), and the Ottendorfer Library, at 135 Second avenue, 
founded by Oswald Ottendorfer in 1884 (12,000 volumes, half of them German). The Bruce Library 
(endowed by Miss Catherine W. Bruce as a memorial of her father) on West Forty-second, west of Seventh 
avenue, adjoining the Baptist church. Another branch is to be built down town, on the west side. 

Apprentices, founded in 1820, and still conducted by the General Society of Mechanics and Trades- 
men, is at 18 East Sixteenth street. It contains 70,000 volumes, one-third of which are stories. It is 
open to lads under eighteen, journeymen, apprentices and working-women, giving out 160,000 books a 
year. It is open from 8 .A. M. to 9 P. M. 

Astor Library, on Lafayette Place, is a handsome brown-stone Romanesque building, 200 feet long, 
containing 226,000 volumes, and open from 9 A. M. to 5 p. M. Books are not allowed to go out. There 
is a spacious vestibule, with twenty-four marble busts, and of the three great halls above the centre one is 
for catalogues and delivery, and the others for general reading. Some of the departments of literature 
are more complete than in any other American library, and many scholars haunt the twilight alcoves while 
making books. John Jacob Astor left $400,000 to found the library with, in 1848, to which his son, Wil- 
liam B. Astor, added $550,000, and his grandson, John Jacob Astor, $300,000. There are many Greek 
and Latin MSS., black-letter volumes and Shakespeareana. 

Kooper UniOI], a huge brown-stone building at the head of the Bowery, covers an entire square, and 
contains free libraries, reading-rooms, lecture-foundations, evening schools of design, engraving, science, 
telegraphy, etc., and the rooms of the American Geographical Society. It was founded by Peter Cooper, 
a wealthy iron founder and glue manufacturer, who stated his idea thus : " The duty of a business man is 
to make money ; the duty of a Christian is to spend it." He erected this building in 1857, at a cost of 
$630,000, and richly endowed the group of free schools that he founded here. The library contains 
20,000 volumes. 

Mercantile, in CUnton Ilall, Astor place, was incorporated in 1866, and is open from 8 A. M. to 9 
p. M. It contains 210,000 volumes, and has a large reading-room. There are 5500 members, who pay $4 
or $5 each per year. It has branches at 431 Fifth avenue and 2 Liberty place. 

Lenox Library is a noble building of white Lockport limestone, in modern French architecture, 
fronting on Central Park, at Fifth avenue and Seventy-first street, 192 by 114 feet in area, forming a 
courtyard between the central building, its advancing wings, and a ponderous limestone wall with iron 
gates. It was built and equipped, at a cost of $1,000,000, by the late James Lenox, who afterwards 
richly endowed it for the people. Access to its treasures has not been made so easy that the people know 
much about it, and there have been ferocious skits in the newspapers (and notably in Life) about the prac- 
tical exclusion of the public. If anyone wants to visit the Library he must write to the superintendent. 
Dr. G. 11. Moore. looi Fifth avenue, and receive a card of admission. You had better try this, and go 
up there on a rainy day, when unable to do sightseeing out-doors. From the Grand Union Hotel go up 
on the Third Avenue Elevated Railroad to Sixty-seventh street station. In the south wing is the library, 
containing precious incunabula; a perfect Mazarin Bible, printed by Gutenberg and Faust in 1650, and 
the oldest of printed books ; Latin Bibles printed at Mayence in 1462 (by Faust and Schoffer), and at 
Nuremberg in 1477 (with many notes in Melanchthon's handwriting); seven fine Caxtons ; block-books; 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. ioi 



hve of Eliot's Indian Bibles ; " The Recuyell of the Historyes of Trove " (Bruges, 1474), the first book 
printed in English ; the Bay Psalm Book (Cambridge, 1640), the first book printed in the United States, 
etc. There are also many rare MSS. on vellum, illuminated, dating from before the invention of printing. 
These objects are exhibited and entertainingly explained by the librarian, the venerable Dr. S. Austin 
AUibone, author of the Dictionary of Authors. 

New York Law Institute, Post Office Building, Rooms 116 to 122, fourth floor. Founded in 1828, 
for the use of members of the bar, but is now also open for the use of the public. The library contains 
about 32,500 volumes of legal works and a few books of reference indirectly useful to lawyers. There are 
to be found many very scarce copies of law reports ; a few books belonging to Alexander Hamilton, and 
containing numerous entries in his handwriting ; a note-book of Lord Ilardwicke ; the cases and opinions 
of Charles O'Conor ; portraits of Thomas Addis Emmet, Chancellor Kent and Judge Greene C. Bronson, 
and busts of James T. Brady and John Anthon. Open daily from 9 A. m. to 5 r. m. Terms for life mem- 
bership, if paid in one sum, $150 ; if paid in installments of $35 initiation and $20 annually, $200. The 
rooms have lately been much remodeled. 

Americai] Museum of Natural History, between Eighth and Ninth avenues, corner of Seventy- 
seventh street, was founded in 1869. The corner-stone of this building was laid by President (Jrant 
in 1874, and the Museum was opened in 1877 by President Hayes. It is a Gothic building of brick 
and granite, with several large and admirably arranged halls. Here are found the Powell collection of 
British Columbian objects, the Robert Bell collection from Hudson's Bay, the De Morgan collection of 
stone-age implements from the valley of the Somme, the Jessup collection of North American woods and 
building stones, the James Hall collections in paleontology and geology, the Gay collection of shells, the 
Bailey collection of birds' nests and eggs, mounted mammalia, Indian dresses and weapons, Pacific 
Islanders' implements and weapons, 10,000 mounted birds, the Major Jones collection of Indian and 
mound-builders' antiquities from Georgia, the Porto Rico antiquities, a mammoth twenty-five feet high, 
several specimens of the extinct Australian bird, the Moa (fifteen feet high), reptiles, fishes, corals, minerals, 
etc. The library contains 12,000 scientific works. Many lectures are given here yearly for the teachers 
in the public schools, who come here to study these vast and interesting collections. New buildings are 
about to be added by the State. The Museum is open free on Wednesdays, Thursdays, Fridays and Sat- 
urdays. It is reached by the Sixth Avenue Elevated Railroad to the Eighty-first street station, or by the 
Eighth avenue horse cars. 

Young Men's £l]ristian Association has several libraries in different localities, the most important 
of which is in their building, corner of Fourth avenue and Twenty-third street. 

New Yorlc Historical Society, 170 Second avenue (open from 9 to 6), has upwards of 70,000 volumes, 
especially Americana and genealogy. It is inaccessible to the public. 

Bar Association (7 West Twenty-ninth street) has a library of 24,000 volumes ; open to members 
and the judges. 

Kity Library, 12 city Hail, 10 a. m. to 4 p. m. 
Arnerican Institute, 19 Astor place, 9 to 9. 

Masonic, sixth avenue and Twenty-third street. 

Mott Memorial (medical), 64 Madison avenue ; open il to 9. 

New York Society, 67 University place, 8 to 6, 70,000 volumes. Founded 1754 ; $15 a year. 



I02 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



STEAMSHIPS # STEAMBOATS. 



Dceen SfeamBhipB. 



All the principal transatlantic steamships sail from the port of New York. A visit to one of them 
"Will repay the visitor. Select a steamer of the Canard, White Star, Guion or French lines, and go down 
to the dock an hour or so before the sailing time (see daily papers). The vessel will be crowded with 
passengers and their friends, the saloon gay with floral offerings, and everything open to inspection. 
When the warning-bell rings, hurried farewells and parting injunctions and admonitions are given, and 
those who are to go on shore hurry down the gang-plank. Slowly the vessel backs out from the pier, and, 
amid cheers and waving of handkerchiefs and a chorus of good-byes, slowly turns her prow towards the 
many miles of trackless ocean which lie between her and her destination. 

About this time the man who is always late comes rushing breathlessly down the pier, only to find 
that he is left again. It is of no avail for him frantically to wave his umbrella, and with shrill 
expostulation command the vessel to return. Those mighty engines will never cease to throb and 
pulse until the Old World is sighted. 

The fastest trip on record across the Atlantic was made by the " Etruria " of the Cunard Line, 
between Queenstown and New York — six days, five hours and thirty minutes. The distance is a little 
short of 3000 miles. 

The following is a list of the principal ocean lines sailing out of New York : 



Far EurnpE, 



ANCHOR LINE. — New York to Glasgow. Saturdays. Tier 20 (old), N. R., foot of Dey street. 
Fares, first cabin, $50 to $60; second cabin, $30. Henderson Bros., agents. No. 7 Bowling 
Green. 

ANCHOR LINE. — New York to Liverpool. Steamer " City of Rome." Every fourth Wednesday. 
Pier 41, N. R. Fares, first cabin, $60 to $100. Henderson Bros., agents. No. 7 Bowling Green. 

CUNARD LINE. — New York to Liverpool. Wednesdays. Pier 40 (new), N. R., foot of Clarkson 
street. Fares, first cabin, $80 to I125. Vernon H. Brown & Co., agents. No. 4 Bowling Green. 

FRENCH LINE. — Compagnie Generale Transatlantique. New York to Havre. Wednesdays. 
Pier 42 (new), N. R., foot of Morton street. Fares, first cabin, ,$So to |ioo ; second cabin, $60. 
L. de Bebian i.\: Co., agents, No. 3 Bowling Green. 

GUION LINE. — New York to Liverpool. Tuesdays. Pier 38 (new), N. R., foot of King street. 
l'\ires, first cabin, .|6o, $80 to $100 ; second cabin, $35 to |6o. A. M. Underbill l\: Co., agents. 
No. 29 ISroadway. 

HAMBURG-AMERICAN.— New York to Hamburg. Thursdays and Saturdays. Pier foot of First 
stieet, Hoboken. Fares, first cabin, $50, $60 to $75. C. B. Richard & Co., agents. No. 61 
iiroadway. 

INMAN LINE. — New York to Liverpool. Thursdays and Saturdays. Foot of Grand street, Jersey 
City. Fares, first cabin, $60, $80 to $ioc. Peter Wright & Sons, agents, Washington Building, 
Xo. I Broadway. 

NATIONAL LINE.— New York to Liverpool. Saturdays. Pier 39 (new), N. R., foot of Houston 
street. Fares, first cabin, |6o to $70. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 103 



NATIONAL LINE. — New York to London. Pier 39 (new), N. R., foot of Houston street. Fares, 

first cabin, II55 to !;.6o. 

NORTH-GERMAN LLOYD.— New York to Bremen. Wednesdays and Saturdays. Pier foot of 
Second street, Hoboken. Fares, first cabin, .fSo to $175 ; second cabin, $60. Oelrichs & Co., 
agents, No. 2 Bowling Green. 

RED STAR LINE. — From New York to Antwerp and Paris. Saturdays. Pier foot of Grand street, 
Jersey City, adjoining Pennsylvania R. R. depot. Fares, first cabin, $60 to $75 ; second cabin, 
$45. Peter Wright & Sons, agents, Nos, 7 and 55 Broadway. 

STATE LINE. — New York to Glasgow. Thursdays. Pier 41, N. R., foot of Leroy street. Fares, 
first cabin, .$50 to $60 ; second cabin, $30. Austin Baldwin & Co., agents, No. 53 Broadway. 

WHITE STAR LINE.— New York to Liverpool. Thursdays and Saturdays. Pier 45 (new), N. R., 
foot of West icth street. Fares, first cabin, $60, fSo to $100 ; second cabin, $35. R. J. Cortis, 
agent. No. 37 Broadway. 



Pdp Bermuda and West Indies. 

QUEBEC STEAMSHIP COMPANY.— New York to Bermuda. Wednesdays. Pier 47 (new), 
N. R. Fares, first cabin, $30; excursion, $50; second cabin, $20; excursion, $33.50. A. E. 
Outerbridge & Co., agents, No. 51 Broadway. 



For Cuba and Mexicn, 

NEW YORK, HAVANA AND MEXICAN STEAMSHIP COMPANY.— New York to 
Havana. Thursdays, 3 P. M. Pier 3, N. R. Fares to Havana, first cabin, $50 ; to Yera Cruz, 
Mexico, first cabin, $85. F. Alexandre & Sons, agents, No. 31 Broadway. 



Par Cuba and Nassau. 

NEW YORK AND CUBA STEAMSHIP COMPANY.— New York to Havana. Saturdays, 
3 r. M. Pier 16, E. R. Fares to Havana, $50 ; to Santiago and Cienfuegos, 7'in South-side 
Line, !t^6o. 

NEW YORK AND CUBA STEAMSHIP COMPANY.— New York to Nassau. Thursdays, 
3 P. M. Pier 16, E. R. Fares to Nassau, excursion, $50 ; to Porto Rico, San Domingo, $75. 
James E. Ward & Co., agents. No. 113 Wall street. 



Par \A/B5t Indies and South and Central America. 

ATLAS LINE. — New York to Kingston, Jamaica. Every 14 days. Pier 55, N. R. Fares, first 
cabin, $50 ; second cabin, $35. Pim, Forwood & Co., agents, No. 22 State street. 



Per St. Thnmas and South America. 

UNITED STATES AND BRAZIL MAIL STEAMSHIP COMPANY.— New York to St. 
Thomas and Rio de Janeiro. Monthly. Roberts' Stores, Brooklyn. Fares, first cabin, to St. 
Thomas, I75 ; to Rio de Janeiro, $150. Paul F. CSerhard c\; Co., agents, No. 84 Broad street. 



I04 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



CnaBtwiBB SfeamBhipH. 



The principal coastwise steanisliip lines sailing from the port of New York are : 

CROMWELL LINE. — New Vcirk to New Orleans, La. Wednesdays and Saturdays, 3 p. >r. Pier 
g, N. ]<. Fares, cabin, $40 ; steerage, $20. S. II. Seaman, agent. Pier 9, N. R. 

MALLORY LINE. — New York to Jacksonville and Fernandina, Fla. Fridays, 3 P. M. Pier 21, 
E. R. Fares, to Fernandina, first cabin, .f2i.5o ; to Jacksonville, $23. 

MALLORY LINE, — New York to Galveston and Key West. Wednesdays and Saturdays, 3 p. M. 
Pier 20, E. R. Fares, to Galveston, Tex., $50 ; to Key West, Fla., I40. C. H. Mallory & Co., 
agents. Pier 21, E. R. 

NEW YORK AND CHARLESTON STEAMSHIP COMPANY.— New York to Charleston, 
S. C. Wednesdays and Saturdays, 3 i'. M. Pier 29, N. R. Fares, first cabin, $20 ; excursion, $32. 

NEW YORK AND CHARLESTON STEAMSHIP COMPANY.— New York to Savannah. 
Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, 3 V. M. Pier 27, N. R., foot Park place. Fares, first cabin, 
I20 ; excursion, $32. W. H. Rhett, agent, No. 317 Broadway. 

OLD DOMINION LINE. — New York to Norfolk, Va. Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, 3 v. M. 
Pier 26 (new), N. R., foot of Beach street. Fares, to Norfolk, Va., $8.50 ; excursion, |i6. 

OLD DOMINION LINE. — New York to Richmond, Va. Wednesdays and Saturdays, 3 p. M. Pier 
26, N. R. Fares, to Richmond, $10; excursion, .fiS. (31d Dominion Steamship Company, 
No. 235 West street. 

River and Snund SteambaatB. 

Foreigners sailing into New York harbor for the first time are amazed at the grandeur of the River 
and Sound steamers. Nearly all are .'-ide-wheelers, usually painted white, and many are of great size 
and speed. 

The principal lines, with the location of their piers, are shown belo\\ : 



Lang iBiand Bnund SteamerB. 



Name of Line. 


New York to 


Start from Foot of 






Spring street, N. R 
Warren street, N. R. 










Canal street, N. R. 




Boston 


Murray street, N. R. 
Peck slip, E. R. 
Peck .slip, E. R. 




Hartford 











HudBDH River BteamerB. 



Name of Line. 



New York to 



St.art from Foot of 



People's Line Albany I Canal street, N. R. 

Citizens' Line Albany and Troy ' Christopher street, N. R. 

Day Line 1 Albany and intermed. points. . Vestry street, N. R. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. ios 



THE MILITIA. 



THE disciplined militia of the city numbers 5250 men, in eight regiments of infantry and two batteries 
of artillery comprising the First Brigade. They are equipped by the State with arms and other 
munitions, and partly with uniforms • and the term of enlistment is five years. In winter there are con- 
tinual company drills . and in summer several days of camp duty under canvas at the State camp ground 
near Peekskill. Besides adding an element of mihtary splendor to the sober burgher life of the city they 
are 01 utmost service in pieserving the public peace on the rare occasions when riots or other public dis- 
turbances are under way and the police need behind them the moral effect of long lines of bayonets and 
loaded rifles They have swept the tumultuous streets with deadly volleys more than once, and were 
equally efficient m line ot battle before GeneraJ Lee's ragged but heroic Southern infantry. 

The regiment which is the pride of New York is the 7th. 

The 69th Regiment (the Irish regiment) was commanded by and served during the civil war under the 
gallant Corcoran. 

The names of the various regiments and tlie location of their armories are given below : 

Fil'St Bf'l^'Lld^. Headquarters, 6 Pine street. Brigadier-General Louis Fitzgerald commanding. 

First Bcittcry . C^pt^^i". LouIs Wendel. Armory, 340 West 44th street. 

'SPrntnl RilftprV ^^'"^^'•^ ^ith gatling guns. Captain F. P. Earle. Armory, corner Broad- 

- ■ way and 45th street. 

Seventh Regiment Annorv '°7" ^'^, "^'^t "'""". """"'" by 66th and 67th streets 

-5 - and rourlh and Lexington avenues. 1 he main drill-room 

is 200 by 300 feet. The company and veterans' rooms are very elegantly furnished ; and there are libran,', 
reception and memorial rooms of much beauty. The building is open to visitors. Two companies drill 
each evening. It was built in 1S79 at a cost of $300,000. Emmons Clark is colonel. 

Ei^htij ReO'inieilt Annoy '^^ ^^ Broadway ami 35th street. Colonel, George D. Scott. 
hiintlj Re'^'inient ArniOI'V ''' ^^ ~^^ west 26th street. Colonel, Willlam Seward. 

Eleventh Regiment Annorv '' "' "^T.f 7t ?'"' '''""''■, ^' '' ' ^'"■"'*" '''^'"''^' 

'-' -^ tion. Alfred P. Stewart is colonel. 

Twelfth Regiment Annory '' "^ ^'""'l ^'T"": iT ^T "''""' 1° ^''^, '''''', ^'Tt'; 

-^ '-^ -^ ous, castellated, with heavily grated windows, loopholed 

towers and a castle keep. Within, besides many company rooms, etc., is an enormous drill hall, hand- 
somely equipped. Colonel, James II. Jones. 

Twentv-second Regiment Armory '-^ - ^p--- and attractive structure on 14th 

- "-' -^ street, near Sixth avenue. Col., John T. Camp. 

c- i.. .,:.,il, D ,^:„^ ,.,i ^/,-.^...^..., IS over Tompkins Market on Third avenue, between 

Sixtv-ninth Regiment Armory ,. , ,/^ , , ,,.,. • ,. . ;-, 

'-' -^ 6th and 7th streets. 1 his is the famous Irish regi- 

ment that did such noble service under Colonel Corcoran in the civil war. Colonel, James Cavanagh. 

Seventy-first Regiment Armory j-t Broadway and 45th street, one of its quaintest 
-^ J * -^ trophies is a cannon captured from the Bowery 

Boys " in the famous Dead Rabbit war in 1S57. This was one of the bravest commands in the battle of 
Bull Run. Colonel, E. A. Mc.\lpin. 



io6 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



CDLLEBES AND SCHDDLS. 

THE citv has 306 free public schools, where more than 4000 teachers instruct 315,000 children, at an 
annual cost of almost $4,500,000. Children between eight and fourteen are compelled by law to go 
to school, and twelve truant officers look out for them. There are also many scores of private and paro- 
chial schools in the city. 

COLUMBIA COLLEGE occupies an irregular group of brick buildings on the square between 
Madison and Fourth avenues and Forty-ninth and Fiftieth streets, near the Cathedral and the Grand Central 
Depot. It has no dormitories. The chief buildings are the School of Mines, along Fiftieth street (four 
years' course ; founded in 1864) ; the School of Arts, along Madison avenue (four years' course ; fee, $150 
a year ; 274 students) ; the Law School founded in 1858, and probably the leading one in America (two 
years' course ; $150 a year ; 397 students) ; and the Library (Melvil Dewey, librarian), a handsome 
building, containing 70,000 volumes (open from 8 A. M. to 10 P. M.) in a hall 113 by 75 feet, and 58 feet 
hio-h. The School of Political Science, opened in 1880 (three years' course ; fee, $150), is in the School 
of Arts building ; the School of Medicine is the College of Physician and Surgeons, at Fourth avenue and 
Twenty-third street. The college has in all 1600 students ; Frederick A. P. Barnard is president. It 
was founded in 1754 as King's College, and largely endowed with land by Trinity Church. For over a 
century its buildings were down-town, on College place, between Barclay arid Chambers streets. In 
1775 the townspeople drove out the second president, Rev. Miles Cooper, an Oxford graduate, and 
resembling Dryden in face; and he hid in Stuyvesant's house until he could take ship for England. The 
college was popularly regarded as a nest of Tories, and remained closed (its buildings serving as 
barracks and military hospital) until 1784, when the legislature rechristened it Columbia College. Among 
its professors are Henry Drisler, H. H. Boyesen, C. F. Chandler, J. S. Newberry, John D. Quackenbos, 
William R. Ware and J. Ordronaux. Among its early students were John Jay Alexander Hamilton, 
Robert R. Livingston and Gouverneur Morris. 

The woman's department now contains about forty students. The ancient building, with old-fash- 
ioned columned portico, in the centre of the college group, was once the Deaf and Dumb Asylum, and 
was bought by the college about thirty years ago, as a nucleus for its new establishment. 

UNIVERSITY OF THE CITY OF NKUS YORK was founded in 1830, and has sixty-five 
instructors and 800 students. The classical and scientific departments are free, and occupy (with the law 
department) a handsome Gothic building on Washington square. The medical school of the University is 
near Bellevue Hospital. 

COLLEGE OF THE CITY OF NEISI YORK, at Lexington avenue and Twenty-third street, 
has spacious brick buildings, with a library of 40,000 volumes. It has 230 classical students and 330 
scientific students, with 36 instructors, and is free to New York lads. It was founded in 1847 as the New 
York Free Academy, and became a college in 1866. It costs the city $140,000 a year. 

COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS, connected with Columbia College, was 
founded in 1807, and has 20 professors and over 600 students. The college building is in Sixtieth street, 
between Ninth and Tenth avenues, and was provided for by Wdliam H. Vanderbilt, who, in 1885, gave 
it $500,000, wliich was increased by $250,000 given by his four sons to establish a free clinic and dispensary, 
and $250,000 given by his daughter, IMrs. William D. Sloane, to establish the Sloane Maternity Hospital. 
BELLEVUE HOSPITAL MEDICAL COLLEGE was founded in 1 861, and has 500 students 
and a high reputation. It is on the grounds of Bellevue Hospital. 

GENERAL THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY of the Protestant Episcopal Church occupies 
the block known as Chelsea square, between Ninth and Tenth avenues, and Twentieth and Twenty-first 
streets, and overlooking the Hudson river; there are at present about 200 students. Stone buildings. 
Two great dormitories. 

CATHOLIC HIGH SCHOOL. In the old Charlier Institute building, near Central Park. 
RUTGERS FEMALE COLLEGE is situated at 58 West Fifty-eighth street. The college was 
incorporated in 1838, and was formerly located in Madison street. In 1S67 it was re-chartered. 
FRIENDS' SEMINARY, 226 East Sixteenth street. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 107 



ISL.MNDS. 

's^i 1 r I \ at the mouth of the harbor, covers nearly sixty square miles, and has 40,000 

Otateip J Slell^O; inhabitants, two railroads, the Sailors' Snug Harbor (near New Brighton), the 
summer resorts at St. George, and the great fortifications overlooking the Narrows. People call it "the 
American Isle of Wight," on account of the beauty of its scenery of hill and sea, and many New York 
merchants have their homes here. It was the Staaten Eylandt of the Dutch, and is a county of New York. 
Ferrj'boats leave Whitehall every half-hour or so for St. George. Fare, ten cents. It has along part of 
its length the Staten Island Railroad, which is a connecting chain of many very attractive villages, where 
are to be seen hundreds of remarkably pretty homes. Here George William Curtis has lived many years. 
Here, too, lives Erastus Wiman, who of late years has been foremost in advancing the interests of Staten 
Island. 

TTN \ ' X ' \ \ \ Long Island Sound, about one mile from New Rochelle, was made an army 

L>'slVl0 5 JSlai^O^ hospital in 1861, and a depot for recruits in i86g. It is now a .sort of 
school for comi)any cooks for the American army. 

1 r , ) r j \ off Pelham Neck, is the site of city hospitals and workhouses, and of the Pot- 

LstrLo Jolstiy KJ ^ jgj.'g pigi(^i^ where over 2000 pauper and unknown dead are buried every year. 

"XT/ \ ; r I \ near Hell Gate, has 200 acres, with tine old forests, and the State Emigrant 

VL sirO § JSlsll^O; Hospital, House of Refuge. Lunatic Hospital, Homoeopathic Hospital, 
Soldiers' Home, etc., a group of costly buildings, attractively embowered in foliage and looking out on 
wide lawns. 



•fO \ I J r I \ two miles from the Battery, covers thirteen and one-half acres, and has 

JOQOIOQ 5 J 5lslI20; ^i^Q obsolete works of Fort Wood, with a small garrison of artillerists, and 
the Bartholdi Statue of Liberty. 

-f;^ 1 1 . r I \ one and one-half miles from the Battery, is used for a magazine and con- 

£51115 J SlsinO; t^jns the ancient bulwarks of Fort Gibson. 



-O IIP f I X covers 100 acres, where the Harlem river enters the East river, and has 

J\elI2 Oslll 5 J SlslipO 2500 inhabitants, mostly destitute children in the House of Refuge, Chil- 
dren's Hospital, Nursery and other vast and handsome brick buildings, where they are instructed in work 
and study by the paternal city. 

^1 I 11; r I \ in the East river, covers 120 acres, and is occupied by vast and impos- 

JUIgIC K^ W6II o J 51 si 12 Oj ing prisons and asylums, built by the convicts from stones quarried on the 
island. At the south end is the Charity Hospital, with 1200 beds and twenty-four skillful house physicians. 
Next comes the great Penitentiary, where 1200 unfortunate criminals are kept under guard. It has a 
battlemented roof and towers, and is built of granite and iron. More than half of the prisoners are for- 
eigners. Farther north are the two great Almshouses, one for each sex, with high verandas and pleasant 
grounds. Farther up are the Workhouses, the City Lunatic Asylum, and other cancer spots of modern 
Manhattan. Visitors must get a pass at Third avenue and Eleventh street, and go over on the ferry from 
East Twenty-sixth street. 

G, -1 I \ is a picturesque ornament of the inner harbor, about half a mile from 

OveKI20KS Lslsli^O the Battery, towards Brooklyn. It is the headquarters of the Military 
Department of the Atlantic (Major-General Schofield), and has forts galore, and parks of guns, magazines, 
barracks, and a beautiful parade ground. At one end is the circular three-story stone fortress of Castle 
William, built in iSii, and at one time a prison for looo Southern soldiers ; and near the centre are the 
low and massive walls of the star-shaped Fort Columbus. There are grand old trees on the island, the 
Museum of the United Service Institution, including General Sheridan's famous Winchester horse, 
mementos of Washington, Hogarth's painting implements, and sonz'oiirs of Indian, East Indian and 
Secession wars, and the Chapel of Cornelius the ("enturion. Steamboats run hourly from the Batter\\ 



io8 Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



TV^ARKETS. 

CONSIDERING their many defects, the business done in the New York markets is 
surprisingly large. It is out of all proportion to the accommodations furnished, 
especially at Washington Market, where the transactions amount to considerably more 
than do those at all the others combined. Taken as a whole, though, the entire busi- 
ness of the markets, large as it is, bears but a small proportion to the business done by 
dealers in the same line located outside of their limits. Some of the larger markets 
are worth visiting. The following are the largest : 

WASHINGTON MARKET is a large new building of red brick, and is as orna- 
mental as severe utilitarianism will permit. Washington Market is the principal meat 
and vegetable market of the city, and in the early morning hours presents a spectacle 
well worth seeing. It occupies the entire square block bounded by Washington, West, 
Fulton and Vesey streets. The opening of a great market-wagon stand near Little 
Twelfth street has done away entirely with the outside wagon trade of Washington 
Market. The crowd of buyers is great during the morning up to about ten o'clock; 
after that hour it gradually thins out, until at noon the place is almost deserted, except 
by the scrub-women and sweeps. On Saturday evening, and especially during the 
winter holiday season, the scene in and about the market is full of interest. The 
booths about Vesey and Barclay streets are illuminated by the light from rude 
torches filled with oil, giving out a reddish light and volumes of thick smoke. This 
light falls weirdly upon the huge piles of fruit and produce and other merchandise, 
and outlines the figures of the swaying crowd of buyers against the darkness of the 
night. The air is filled with the hoarse cries of the venders and the wrangling of 
would-be buyers. 

FULTON MARKET, bounded by Fulton, Beekman, South and Front streets, is 
also a large market, always containing a fine display of fish, poultry, etc. During the 
first few days of April there is always a large display of trout from all parts of the 
country at the stand of E. G. Blackford. There are several restaurants on the South 
street side, celebrated for the cooking and serving of oysters. 

FULTON FISH MARKET, opposite Fulton Market, though rather slimy, and 
always pervaded by '' an ancient and fish-like smell," is well worth seeing. Every- 
thing edible that lives in salt water may be seen here. Fish is a cheap and good food, 
and consequently in great demand. 

The other large markets are : 

CATHARINE, foot of Catharine street. East river. 

CENTRAL, East Forty-second street, opposite Park avenue. 

CENTRE, Centre street, from Grand to Broome. 

CLINTON, Spring, Canal, West and Washington streets. 

ESSEX, Grand street, from Ludlow to Essex. 

JEFFERSON, Greenwich and Sixth avenues and West Tenth street. 

MARKET-WAGON STAND, West, Little Twelfth, Washington and Gansevoort 
streets. 

TOMPKINS, Third avenue, between Sixth and Seventh streets. 

UNION, Houston and Second streets and Avenue D. 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 109 



A STROLL aP FIFTH AVENGE. 



]JIFTH AVENUE is the Belgravia of the American metropolis, the centre of its fashion and 
' splendor, the home of its merchant-princes. It is at its best on a pleasant Sunday, at the time 
when the churches are out ; or on a bright afternoon, when its long lines of carriages are rumbling 
away towards the Park. The scene of beauty and animation then presented is unequaled in America 
(or in Europe or Asia, for that matter) ; and in the perfect costumes of the promenaders, the dignity of the 
equipages, the variety and beauty of the domestic and ecclesiastical architecture, affords numberless objects 
of interest for the amazed and delighted provincial philosopher. 

Here, on every side, are gorgeous club-houses, churches notable for their beauty, and a domestic archi- 
tecture of rare variety and comfort, with picture-galleries, and rich porticos, and long vistas of Connecticut 
brown-stone palaces, the homes of incalculable wealth and splendor. From its beginning in Washington 
Square, the avenue traverses miles of a palatial residence-quarter, until it reaches Central Park, and passes 
on, a league beyond, into the suburban life of Harlem. 

In taking a stroll up Fifth avenue, of about a league, one should be accompanied by a herald king-at- 
arms, a mercantile register, an elite directory, and a wise old club-man with his stores of personal and 
family gossip. In default of these, we have strung together here a few items of interest, which may 
interest the visitor to our city at the present time. 

The black omnibuses of the Fifth Avenue Transportation Company run at frequent intervals from 
Bleecker street up South Fifth avenue, across Washington Square, and along the avenue tt) Sixtv-fourth 
street (fare, five cents). 

Washington Square, where Fifth avenue begins, is a park of nine acres, occupying the mournful site of 
the old Potter's Field, wherein more than 100,000 human bodies were buried. On its east side is the 
white-stone Gothic building of the University of the City of New York, with 800 students and sixty-four 
instructors. It is described by Theodore Winthrop in his brilliant novel "Cecil Dreeme. On and near 
the square dwell Charles De Kay, the poet ; the famous saltatory Kiralfy family; Augustus St. Gaudens, 
the sculptor; the De Navarro family; Walter Shirlaw; Gaston I-. Feuardent, the antiquary; and other 
notable persons. 

At No. I, the first house on the right, as the avenue leaves Washington Square, lives William Butler 
Duncan ; and on the other side, at 6 and 8, are the Lispenard Stewarts and John Taylor Johnston, the 
famous art connoisseur. Beyond Clinton place is the aristocratic Brevoort House, a favorite with English 
tourists ; and opposite is the Berkeley, where many famous people dwell. Beyond Ninth street, at No. 
23, lives Gen. Daniel E. Sickles. At Tenth street is the brown-stone Church of the Ascension (Epis- 
copal), with the Grosvenor opposite. The First Presbyterian Church comes next, with the Minturn and 
Talbot mansions beyond. At Fourteenth street we see the busy precincts of Union Square, to the right, 
and traverse a region of brilliant shops. On the left-hand corner of Fifteenth street is the great and finely 
appointed brown-stone building of the Manhattan Club, the favorite resort of the patricians of the Demo- 
cratic party, called by their round-headed fellow-partisans "the swallow-tails." It has 1000 members, 
and the entrance fee is $100, with $70 yearly dues. Near by, at 109 East Fifteenth street, is the house of 
the famous Century Association, a literary, artistic and aesthetic club, with 600 members, a large library 
and a picture gallery. 

In this same neighborhood, on West Fifteenth street, are the spacious buildings of the College of St. 
Francis Xavier, with nearly 500 students, in charge of the Jesuit Fathers, and a library of 20,000 
volumes. On West Sixteenth street is the tall New York Hospital, chartered by King (}eorge III. 
in 1771. 

At the farther right corner of Sixteenth street is the mansion of Vice-President Levi P. Morton (No. 
85), and Col. Robert G. IngersoU lives at No. 89. At No. 103 is the home of Edwards Pierrepont, long time 
Minister to England. At No. 1 18 live the New York Winthrops. At Eighteenth street is the rich and 
ornate Chickering Hall, devoted to musical entertainments ; and opposite, at No. 109, is August Belmont's 
estate, where also dwells the Hon. Perry Belmont. On the opposite corner, at No. 107, is the mansion of 
Mrs. Marshall O. Roberts, one of the grand dames of New York society. On the Twenty-first street 
corner is the great brown-stone building of the patrician Union Club, founded in 1836, and with over 



no Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



looo members. The entrance fee is $300, and yearly dues $75. Clarence A. Seward, the gifted son of 
William II. Seward, lives at No. 143. At No. 147 (corner of East Twenty-lirst street) is the Lotos Club's 
comfortable brown-stone building, with 500 members, where famous monthly art receptions and ladies' 
days are held. Here dwells the veteran world-traveler. Col. Thomas W. Knox. Next door is the Glen- 
ham Hotel. In this vicinity stands the South Reformed Church (corner of West Twenty-first street), and 
the Cumberland is between East Twenty-second and East Twenty-third streets. Now the avenue cuts 
obliquely across Broadway, with the brilliant vistas of Madison Square on the right, passing the enormous 
white-marble Fifth Avenue Hotel, the home of Gen. W. T. Sherman, ex-Senator Piatt, William J. Flor- 
ence and other notable persons. On the next block is the Hoffman House, famous for its interior decora- 
tions and magnificent bar room. At Twenty-fifth street is the fashionable New York Club, facing the 
Worth Monument. At the corner of West Twenty-sixth street is Delmonico's famous restaurant, with the 
Hotel Brunswick opposite. 

At West Twenty-seventh street is tlie immense and lofty Victoria Hotel, towering high above the' sur- 
rounding buildings. At Fifth avenue and Twenty-eighth street (No. 247) was the home of the late Pro- 
fessor E. L. Youmans, editor of the " I^opular Science Monthly," and author of many famous scientific 
books. No 244 is the home of the famous Mrs. Paran Stevens. 

On the next block is the great and costly Knickerbocker. The great double house. No. 259, is Mrs. 
Josephine May's, and belonged to her father, the late George Law, millionaire and financier. At No. 261 
(corner of East Twenty-ninth street) dwells Gen. George W. Cullom, beyond the Hamersley mansions. 
At West Twenty-ninth street appears the white-granite temple of the Fifth Avenue Reformed Church, and 
a little way to the right (on Twenty-ninth street) is the picturesque Church of the Transfiguration (Epis- 
copal), generally and affectionately known as "The Little Church around the Corner," wherefrom many 
actors have been buried. The bit of green lawn, overarching trees, and mantling of ivy, make this a 
charming oasis in the surrounding desert of brick and stone. It is regarded with peculiar affection by 
many persons, who consider the average church as quite alien to their lives and tastes. 

The towering Gilsey House rises to the left, on West Thirtieth street. At No. 319 (corner of East 
Thirty-second street) stands the new house of the exclusive Knickerbocker Club, which includes many well- 
known devotees of coaching and polo. Its entrance fee is $300, annual dues $100. Between W^est 
Thirty-second and West Thirty-third streets (Nos. 338 and 350) are the huge brick mansions of the hun- 
dred-millionaire brothers — John Jacob Astor and William Astor — with a high-walled garden between. On 
the next corner. No. 374, is the town-house of Mrs. J. Coleman Drayton, one of the Astor daughters. At 
the corner of West Thirty-fourth street is the great Italian palace of white-marble, erected at a cost of 
$2,000,000 by the late A. T. Stewart, a Belfast lad, who came to America in 1818, and began life in New 
York as an assistant teacher, then opened a small shop for trimmings, and in time became the most suc- 
cessful merchant in the world, so that when he died (in 1876) he left $40,000,000. Mrs. Stewart lived 
here until her death in 1886. Alongside the Stewart place, the only other house on the block, is the great 
old Astor mansion, which, after a strangely checkered career, has been leased by the New York Club to 
be dedicated to their joyous uses. 

Between West Thirty-fifth and West Thirty-sixth streets live the Kernochans (No. 384), and Gen- 
Daniel Butterfield (No. 386) ; and at No. 389 (between East Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh streets) is 
Pierre Lorillard's home. The fashionable Christ Church (Episcopal), famous for its fine music and beau- 
tiful frescoes, is on the corner of West Thirty-fifth street ; and the Brick Church (Presbyterian) rises at the 
corner of West Thirty-seventh street. At the old home of Gov. E. D. Morgan, No. 415 (between East 
Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth streets), is the St. Nicholas Club, composed exclusively of gentlemen of 
the oldest Knickerbocker families — the Remsens, De Peysters, Rhinelanders, Roosevelts, etc. At No. 
425 (beyond East Thirty-eighth street) is the home of Austin Corbin, the railway king ; at No. 459 (])eyond 
East Thirty-ninth street) that of Frederick W. Vanderbilt. 

The lofty and quaint Union League Club house is at the corner of Fifth avenue and East Thirty- 
ninth street, with its conspicuous gables and huge roof. From West Fortieth to Forty-second street ex- 
tends the Distributing Reservoir of the Croton Water- Works, crowning the summit of Murray Hill, 115 
feet above tide-water, covering four acres and holding 23,000,000 gallons of water. It is a massive struct- 
ure in Egyptian architecture, forty-four feet high and 420 feet square. Back of it is the pleasant Bryant 
Park, on which the famous Crystal Palace stood thirty years or more ago. Opposite, on Fifth avenue, are 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. i i r 



the tall art-furniture buildings of Pettier & Stymus, the massive American Safe-Deposit buildin'^, and a 
few quaint dwellings, the remnants of the old-time block of yellow Gothic houses (one of them still occu- 
pied by Mrs. Lucian B. Chase), in part of which was the famous Rutgers Female College. Next the ave- 
nue crosses Forty-second street, which runs to the left to the Weehawken Ferry, and to the ri^ht to the 
Grand Central Depot. 

On the left corner of Fifth avenue and Forty-second street is the lofty stone Hotel Bristol, with Rus- 
sell Sage's house next door (No. 406), and opposite is the Hamilton. At the corner of East Forty-third 
street is the Temple Emanu-El, the great Hebrew synagogue, perhaps the richest piece of Saracenic archi- 
tecture in America, with its minaret-like towers, delicate carvings, Oriental arches, and a dazzlingly bril- 
liant interior. In the next block is the Sherwood, the home of Jesse Seligman, the banker, the Rev. G. 
H. Hepworth, and other well-known persons. Opposite, at 524, is the headquarters of the Manhattan 
Athletic Club, with its luxurious rooms, and finely equipped gymnasium. At No. 532 is Manton Marble's 
house, and No. 549 is Thomas T. Eckert's home. The Universalist Church of the Divine Paternity, so 
long ministered to by Dr. Chapin, stands at the corner of West Forty-fifth street. A little way to the 
right, on East Forty-fifth street, are the homes of the famous broker, Washington E. Conner (No. 14), and 
of the eloquent Chauncey M. Depew, president of the New York Central Railroad (No. 22), and one of the 
best after-dinner speakers in America. At No. 2 East Forty-sixth street is the mansion of Seligman, the 
well-known financier. Nearly opposite the Universalist Church is the narrow and richly carved facade of 
the Episcopal Church of the Heavenly Rest, whose interior is rich in polished granite pillars, with quaintly 
carved capitals, frescos after Era Angelico, and other beautiful adornments. The great Windsor Hotel 
extends from East Forty-sixth to East Forty-seventh street, and is the home of Andrew Carnegie and 
many other noted men. Opposite, at No. 562, dwells Joseph W. Harper, Jr., of the famous publishing 
house ; and at No. 574 are the rooms of the American Yacht Club, famous for its navy of costly steam 
yachts. On the corner beyond the Windsor, at No. 579, in a large brown-stone house, with lanterns in 
front, lives Jay Gould, the Napoleon of finance ; and at the other end of the block, with carved stone 
grifiins in front, is the home of Robert Goelet. The Goelet estate is above $20,000,000. At No. 50 
West Forty-seventh street lives Joseph H. Choate, lawyer and orator, and one of the greatest after-dinner 
speakers of this age. At West Forty-eighth street is the ornate and high-spired Collegiate Dutch Church, 
with its flying buttresses, carved portals and general richness of detail ; and the second house beyond (No. 
608) belongs to Ogden Goelet. At the corner of East Forty-eighth street (No. 597) is the home of Roswell 
P. Flower, eminent in latter-day politics. The next block, from East Forty-ninth to Fiftieth street, is 
taken up largely by the great Buckingham Hotel, a quiet and expensive family hotel ; and at No. 615 
lives Edward S. Jaffray, the drygoods merchant. Opposite, at No. 624, is the house of the late John 
Roach, the great ship-builder. 

At the corner of Fiftieth street rises the vast Cathedral of St. Patrick, described in the chapter on 
churches. 

At No. 634, opposite the Cathedral, is the home of D. O. Mills, ex-senator from California, and 
father-in-law of Whitelaw Reid, of the " Tribune." Back of the Cathedral is the Florentine palace built 
by Henry Villard, alongside of Columbia College. Beyond the Cathedral, on Fifth avenue, is the Roman 
Catholic Orphan Asylum for Boys, on high ground, with the Asylum for Orphan Girls behind it. Between 
West Fifty-first and Fifty-second streets are the magnificent brown-stone palaces of the Vanderbilt family, 
enriched by broad bands of carved foliage, and superbly furnished and decorated inside. No. 640 is the 
home of Mrs. William H. Vanderbilt, and No. 642 is the home of her daughter, Mrs. William D. Sloane. 

Across West Fifty-second street rises the handsome white stone French chateau of William K. Van- 
derbilt, rich in carvings and oriel windows. The author of " Recent Architecture in America" calls this 
" the most beautiful house in New York." 

Next comes the beautiful and fashionable Episcopal Church of St. Thomas, famous for society wed- 
dings. It is a brown-stone Gothic structure, with a melodious chime of bells, and famous altar-paintings 
by LaFarge. Among its clergy have been Bishops Upfold and Whitehouse, and the Rev. Dr. F. L. 
Hawks. Just beyond, on the same square, are the picturesque connected mansions of Dr. W. S. Webb 
and Hamilton McK. Twombly, who married daughters of William H. Vanderbilt. Between East Fifty- 
second and Fifty-third streets is the Langham, one of the most popular family hotels in the city. Between 
West Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth streets are the spacious buildings and grounds of St. Luke's Hospital 



I 12 



Washington Inaugural Centennial. 



(open to visitors from lo to I2, Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays), where Episcopal Sisters of tlie Holy 
Communion attend the sick, without regard to their sect or nation. 

In this vicinity dwell several of the Standard Oil Company magnates — Henry M. Flagler at No. 685, 
and William Rockefeller at No. 68g. 

At West Fifty-fifth street is the great Presbyterian Church under Dr. John Hall's ministration, the 
largest chuch of that sect in the world, with a spire that is a landmark for a great distance. No. 724, just 
beyond West Fifty-sixth street, is the home of R. Fulton Cutting — a very handsome piece of domestic 
architecture. At the lower corner of West Fifty-seventh street is the handsome house built and some time 
occupied by the famous Mrs. Frederick W. Stevens, the immensely wealthy heiress of Josiah Sampson, 
who deserted her husband after twenty years of married life, and in 18S6 married the Marquis de Talley- 
rand-Perigord, in Paris. The house now belongs to ex-Secretary-of-the-Navy Whitney. On the other 
corner of W^est Fifty-seventh street is the superb mansion of Cornelius Vanderbilt. 

A little way beyond is the beginning of Central Park, which forms one side of the avenue for over a, p 
miles and a half. The other side is being built up with noble mansions, and will at some future time be 
the most beautiful place of homes in America. At No. 810, corner of East Sixty-second street, is the 
town-house of William Belden, a many-millionaire, who defeated Jay Gould in the famous Black-Friday 
financial battle. Opposite East Sixty-fourth street is the old Arsenal and Menagerie. Between East 
Sixty-sixth and Sixty-seventh streets is the group of houses in which dwell the Soto family (No. 854), and 
Mrs. De Barrios (No. 855), the widow of the famous Central-American statesman, killed in battle a few 
years ago. No. 3 East Sixty-sixth street was the home of the late Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, and his family 
still dwell there. At No. 871 is the mansion of Mrs. Robert L. Stuart. The splendid Lenox Library 
extends from East Seventieth street to Seventy-first street. 

A little way to the right looms up the lofty, quaint and picturesque gray house of Charles L. Tiffany, 
designed by McKim, Mead and White, with its mediseval portcullis, red-marl)le Moorish stairway, teak- 
wood doors, blue-and-pearl dining-room, etc. Here also dwells the famous railway king, Henry Villard. 
The upper floor, under the great, dusky tiled roof, is a vast studio. This house is described in the " Cen- 
tury Magazine " for February, 1886. 




H. C. SHANNON, 

MANAGER. 



,M^ FfFTH AVENUE, 

flw^' '' ' ' - ■ ' 



\i i. -=ai %• u 



1S60. 



thp: 



ISB9. 



WASHINGTON 

LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY 



ASSKTS, 



OF= NeiM VORK. 

\A/. A. BREWER, Jr., President. 

----- J^IO.OOO.OOO. 



The Combination Policy of the 
Washington guarantees to the 
holder of a $i,ooo policy $1,500 
at maturity. A Policy for $5,000 
is a contract for $7,500. A Pol- 
icy for $10,000 is a contract for 
$15,000. 




Say the amount of the Policy 
is $10,000, tlie insured is guar- 
anted $10,000 CASH and a paid- 
up Life Policy for $5,000; total, 
$15,000 at maturity, together 
with all accumulated and un- 
used dividends. 



The Combination Policy has three functions ; by it the insured secures under a single contract 

I. Protection for a term of years. II. The savings of an Endowment. 

111. A permanent Estate. 

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and AN ESTATE, 

The Policies of the Washington are incontestable after three years, residence and travel unrestricted 
after two years. Immediate settlement of claims. 



W. HAXTUN, Vice-President and Secretary. CTRUS MUNH, Assistant Secretary. I. C. PIERSOH, Actua;it, 

J, W, BRANNAN, M. D., Medical Examiner. B, W. McCREADT, M. D., Consultinc Physician. 

FOSTER L THOMSON, 52 Wall Street, New Tori, Attorneys. 



i30-a.ru ok uirector?^. 



\V. A. Brewer, Jr., 
\Vm. Haxtu.n, 
Roland C">. Mitchell, 

(iEORGE N. LaWRENCK, 

Levi P. Morton, 
Ariel A. Low, 
Merritt Trimble, 
George A. Robbins, 



Thomas Hoi-e, 
James Thomson, 
Wilson G. Hunt, 
Chas. H. Ludington, 
Robert Bowne, 
Francis Steir, 
"Frederic R. Coudert, 
George Nevvmold, 



Benjamin Haxtun, 
Kdwin H. Mead, 
Henry F. Hitch, 
Charles P. Britton, 
Fiv^Ncis G. Adams, 
Benj. W. McCreadv, M. D 
David Thomson, 



Address E. S. KRENCH, Sup't of AgTencies, 

til Cnrtlautlt St., Nexf York City. 




;!0MF OFFICE. 346 .^^ 345 BROADWAY. N. Y. 



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